球磨机料位测控系统的设计与实现
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摘要
本文主要介绍了球磨机料位测控系统的设计方案,该系统主要完成对球磨机振声信号的采集、滤波、希尔伯特变换、下采样、包络信号提取等处理,并找出其能够表征料位信息的特征信号,建立特征信号与料位之间的映射关系。
球磨机是一种十分重要的制粉设备,广泛应用于火力发电厂等工业场所,球磨机内的料位信息是关系到其运行状态和工作效率的重要参数,因此准确测量料位信息是非常重要的。本文的研究意义也正在于此。
本系统是以ARM9系列的开发平台作为主要硬件平台,再外接电容传声器和触摸屏等设备来实现整个硬件系统地搭建。系统首先对振声信号进行采集,然后通过信号放大、数字滤波后进入微控制器S3C2410,经过S3C2410的一系列处理后得出振声信号中与料位信息相关联的特征信号,并以此信号为基础将料位信息显示出来。在整个软件系统搭建过程中,主要介绍了Linux嵌入式操作系统以及QT图形系统的移植方法。在信号处理过程中,主要应用了希尔伯特变换、小波理论、BP神经网络和下采样定理等几种算法。系统首先通过希尔伯特变换提取球磨机振声信号的包络,然后对包络信号进行下采样处理,对处理后的信号应用小波变换的多尺度重构技术进行滤波从而提取特征向量,最后用BP神经网络在特征向量与球磨机料位之间建立映射关系,从而实现对球磨机的料位检测。
The design and realization of the embedded system to measure and control the material level of ball mill are introduced in this article. Its main work is that pick up the ball mill's acoustical sound and deal with it by filtered and Hilbert transformed, and then find the characteristic vector and built the relationship between the characteristic and the material location.
Ball mill is an important equipment be used to coal pulverization in the coal-fired power plant. The material location is a very important parameter and it influences the ball mill's working efficiency. So the measurement of the material location is very important. It is the meaning of this article.
The arm9 embedded development equipment is the main hardware in the embedded system, it is connects with the microphone and the touch screen to built a full system. First the system picked up the acoustical sound, dual with it by enlarge, digital filter and then put it in S3C2410, and dual with by S3C2410,we can find the characteristic vector, and use it to display the material location When built the software system, the Linux embedded OS and QT graph system transplant method are introduced. When duel with the single, the Hilbert transform, Wavelet transform theory, BP neural network theory and down sampling theory are introduced. First, system picks up the envelope of the acoustical sound. Second the envelope is processed by down sampling. Finally we using wavelet transform extract characteristic vector and using BP neural network we make a mapping between the characteristic and the material location actualize the material location recognition.
球磨机是一种十分重要的制粉设备,广泛应用于火力发电厂等工业场所,球磨机内的料位信息是关系到其运行状态和工作效率的重要参数,因此准确测量料位信息是非常重要的。本文的研究意义也正在于此。
本系统是以ARM9系列的开发平台作为主要硬件平台,再外接电容传声器和触摸屏等设备来实现整个硬件系统地搭建。系统首先对振声信号进行采集,然后通过信号放大、数字滤波后进入微控制器S3C2410,经过S3C2410的一系列处理后得出振声信号中与料位信息相关联的特征信号,并以此信号为基础将料位信息显示出来。在整个软件系统搭建过程中,主要介绍了Linux嵌入式操作系统以及QT图形系统的移植方法。在信号处理过程中,主要应用了希尔伯特变换、小波理论、BP神经网络和下采样定理等几种算法。系统首先通过希尔伯特变换提取球磨机振声信号的包络,然后对包络信号进行下采样处理,对处理后的信号应用小波变换的多尺度重构技术进行滤波从而提取特征向量,最后用BP神经网络在特征向量与球磨机料位之间建立映射关系,从而实现对球磨机的料位检测。
The design and realization of the embedded system to measure and control the material level of ball mill are introduced in this article. Its main work is that pick up the ball mill's acoustical sound and deal with it by filtered and Hilbert transformed, and then find the characteristic vector and built the relationship between the characteristic and the material location.
Ball mill is an important equipment be used to coal pulverization in the coal-fired power plant. The material location is a very important parameter and it influences the ball mill's working efficiency. So the measurement of the material location is very important. It is the meaning of this article.
The arm9 embedded development equipment is the main hardware in the embedded system, it is connects with the microphone and the touch screen to built a full system. First the system picked up the acoustical sound, dual with it by enlarge, digital filter and then put it in S3C2410, and dual with by S3C2410,we can find the characteristic vector, and use it to display the material location When built the software system, the Linux embedded OS and QT graph system transplant method are introduced. When duel with the single, the Hilbert transform, Wavelet transform theory, BP neural network theory and down sampling theory are introduced. First, system picks up the envelope of the acoustical sound. Second the envelope is processed by down sampling. Finally we using wavelet transform extract characteristic vector and using BP neural network we make a mapping between the characteristic and the material location actualize the material location recognition.
引文
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[2]王东风,李利平,王丽君.球磨机制粉系统控制的现状和前景.东北电力技术.2002第5期:5.
[3]ZengY&K S E FOSSBERG.Multiveriate statistcal analysis of vibration signals from industrial scale bal griding[J],Minerals Engineering,1995,4/5(8):389-399.
[4].Zeng Y&K S E FOSSBERG.Monitoring griding parameters by vibration signal measurement-a primary application[J],Minerals Engineering,1994,7(4):495-501.
[5].Miclea C,Tanasoiu C,Gheorghiu A,Miclea C F,Tanasoiu V.Synthesis and piezoelectric properties of nanocrystalline PZT-based ceramics prepared by high energy ball milling process[J],Journal of Materials Science,2004,08,09,16/17(39):5431-5434.
[6].Betancur J,D Restrepo J,Palacio C A,Morales A L,Mazo-Zuluaga J,Fernandez J J,Perez O,Valderruten J F,Bohorquez A.Thermally Driven and ball-milled Hematite to Magnetite Transformation[J],Hyperfine Interactions,2003 1/4(148/149):163-175.
[7].Hashimoto A,Satoh M.,Iwasaki T,Morita M.Fibrillation of aramid fiber using a vibrating ball mill and evaluation of the degree of fibrillation[J],Journal of Materials Science,2002,09,15,18(37):4013-4017.
[8]周立功,等.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004,12,第1版.
[9]陈赜.ARM9嵌入式技术及Linux高级实践教程.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[10]严盈富 触摸屏与PLC入门.人民邮电出版社,2006.
[11]张运刚.从入门到精通:触摸屏技术与应用.人民邮电出版社,2007.
[12]魏洪兴.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发实验教材Ⅱ,基于ARM9微处理器与Linux操作系统.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
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[14]周立功.ARM嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例.北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[15]谢进忠.Linux Kernel Module及TCP/IP程序设计.人民邮电出版社,2007.
[16]倪继利.Qt及Linux操作系统窗口设计.电子工业出版社,2006.
[17]李水根,吴纪桃.分形与小波.科学出版社,2002.
[18]彭思龙.周期小波理论及其应用.科学出版社,2003.
[19]冯象初.数值泛函与小波理论.西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[20]肖国平,屠庆平.声信号处理及应用.西北工业出版社.2004
[21]朱双东.神经网络应用基础网.东北大学出版社.2003
[22]虞和济.基于神经网络的智能诊断.北京:冶金工业出版社,2000,5.
[23]李勇.Matlab辅助现代工程数字信号处理.西安电子科技大学出版社,2002,11.
[24]陈亚勇.Matlab信号处理详解.人民邮电出版社,2001.
[25]黄文梅,熊桂林,杨勇.信号分析与处理—MATLAB语言及应用.国防科技大学出版社,2000,1,第1版.
[26]楼顺天,李博苗.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计—信号处理.西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.
[27]程卫国,冯峰,王雪梅,等.MATLAB5.3精要编程及高级应用.机械工业出版社,2000.
[28]杨静,孙光民,王鹏.数字信号处理算法软件开发.北京工业大学学报.2000,12:43.
[29]姚天任,孙洪.现代数字信号处理.华中理工大学出版社,1999,11.
[30]罗传翼,程桂芬.随机信号处理与控制基础.化学工业版社,2002,2.
[31]胡昌华,李国华,刘涛,等.基于Matlab 6.x的系统分析与设计—小波分析,西安电子科技大学出版社(第二版),2004.
[32]王志洁,译.现代滤波器理论与设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,1984.
[33]田铮.动态数据处理的理论与方法—时间序列分析.西北工业大学出版社.
[34]耿尊敏.动态信号分析中的几种平均方法及应用.振动与冲击,1994,2.
[35]王文奇.噪声控制技术及其应用.辽宁:辽宁科学技术出版社,1985,7,第1版.
[36]刘军,马海林,高广福.火电厂球磨机非线性自适应控制.计算机技术与自动化.2004,12,第4期:48-50.
[37]张雄伟,陈亮,杨吉斌.现代语言处理技术及应用.北京:机械工业出版社.2003,8,第1版.
[38]程佩青.数字信号处理教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2001,8,第2版.
[39]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,1,第1版.
[40]解超,李善平.基于LINUX的嵌入式GUI.计算机工程与应用,2003,9:136.
[41]李晓枫,吴惠雁,李勇.球磨机料位检测仪的开发及其在优化运行控制上的应用.仪表技术与传感器.2002,第11期:20.
[42]陈荐.钢球球磨机噪声控制技术.中国电力出版社,2002,5.
[2]王东风,李利平,王丽君.球磨机制粉系统控制的现状和前景.东北电力技术.2002第5期:5.
[3]ZengY&K S E FOSSBERG.Multiveriate statistcal analysis of vibration signals from industrial scale bal griding[J],Minerals Engineering,1995,4/5(8):389-399.
[4].Zeng Y&K S E FOSSBERG.Monitoring griding parameters by vibration signal measurement-a primary application[J],Minerals Engineering,1994,7(4):495-501.
[5].Miclea C,Tanasoiu C,Gheorghiu A,Miclea C F,Tanasoiu V.Synthesis and piezoelectric properties of nanocrystalline PZT-based ceramics prepared by high energy ball milling process[J],Journal of Materials Science,2004,08,09,16/17(39):5431-5434.
[6].Betancur J,D Restrepo J,Palacio C A,Morales A L,Mazo-Zuluaga J,Fernandez J J,Perez O,Valderruten J F,Bohorquez A.Thermally Driven and ball-milled Hematite to Magnetite Transformation[J],Hyperfine Interactions,2003 1/4(148/149):163-175.
[7].Hashimoto A,Satoh M.,Iwasaki T,Morita M.Fibrillation of aramid fiber using a vibrating ball mill and evaluation of the degree of fibrillation[J],Journal of Materials Science,2002,09,15,18(37):4013-4017.
[8]周立功,等.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004,12,第1版.
[9]陈赜.ARM9嵌入式技术及Linux高级实践教程.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[10]严盈富 触摸屏与PLC入门.人民邮电出版社,2006.
[11]张运刚.从入门到精通:触摸屏技术与应用.人民邮电出版社,2007.
[12]魏洪兴.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发实验教材Ⅱ,基于ARM9微处理器与Linux操作系统.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[13]郭玉东.Linux操作系统结构分析.西安电子科技大学出版社,2002.
[14]周立功.ARM嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例.北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[15]谢进忠.Linux Kernel Module及TCP/IP程序设计.人民邮电出版社,2007.
[16]倪继利.Qt及Linux操作系统窗口设计.电子工业出版社,2006.
[17]李水根,吴纪桃.分形与小波.科学出版社,2002.
[18]彭思龙.周期小波理论及其应用.科学出版社,2003.
[19]冯象初.数值泛函与小波理论.西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[20]肖国平,屠庆平.声信号处理及应用.西北工业出版社.2004
[21]朱双东.神经网络应用基础网.东北大学出版社.2003
[22]虞和济.基于神经网络的智能诊断.北京:冶金工业出版社,2000,5.
[23]李勇.Matlab辅助现代工程数字信号处理.西安电子科技大学出版社,2002,11.
[24]陈亚勇.Matlab信号处理详解.人民邮电出版社,2001.
[25]黄文梅,熊桂林,杨勇.信号分析与处理—MATLAB语言及应用.国防科技大学出版社,2000,1,第1版.
[26]楼顺天,李博苗.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计—信号处理.西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.
[27]程卫国,冯峰,王雪梅,等.MATLAB5.3精要编程及高级应用.机械工业出版社,2000.
[28]杨静,孙光民,王鹏.数字信号处理算法软件开发.北京工业大学学报.2000,12:43.
[29]姚天任,孙洪.现代数字信号处理.华中理工大学出版社,1999,11.
[30]罗传翼,程桂芬.随机信号处理与控制基础.化学工业版社,2002,2.
[31]胡昌华,李国华,刘涛,等.基于Matlab 6.x的系统分析与设计—小波分析,西安电子科技大学出版社(第二版),2004.
[32]王志洁,译.现代滤波器理论与设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,1984.
[33]田铮.动态数据处理的理论与方法—时间序列分析.西北工业大学出版社.
[34]耿尊敏.动态信号分析中的几种平均方法及应用.振动与冲击,1994,2.
[35]王文奇.噪声控制技术及其应用.辽宁:辽宁科学技术出版社,1985,7,第1版.
[36]刘军,马海林,高广福.火电厂球磨机非线性自适应控制.计算机技术与自动化.2004,12,第4期:48-50.
[37]张雄伟,陈亮,杨吉斌.现代语言处理技术及应用.北京:机械工业出版社.2003,8,第1版.
[38]程佩青.数字信号处理教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2001,8,第2版.
[39]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,1,第1版.
[40]解超,李善平.基于LINUX的嵌入式GUI.计算机工程与应用,2003,9:136.
[41]李晓枫,吴惠雁,李勇.球磨机料位检测仪的开发及其在优化运行控制上的应用.仪表技术与传感器.2002,第11期:20.
[42]陈荐.钢球球磨机噪声控制技术.中国电力出版社,2002,5.