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稀土抗菌配合物及其纳米复合抗菌材料的研究
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摘要
生物化学和药物化学方面的研究证明,稀土配合物具有良好的抗菌活性,可以用来研制新型的抗菌剂和抗菌材料。本论文在大量文献调研基础上,综述了稀土抗菌配合物以及抗菌剂、抗菌材料的研究进展:合成了稀土羧酸类抗菌配合物以及掺杂稀土配合物的纳米复合抗菌材料。主要工作如下:
     1、采用低热固相法分别合成了8种水杨酸稀土配合物和8种稀土水杨酸8-羟基喹啉三元混配配合物,并通过元素分析、紫外漫反射光谱、红外光谱、X-射线粉末衍射、热重-差热分析等手段对配合物进行了表征;采用琼脂扩散法(平板抑菌法)和最小抑菌浓度法(MIC)试验了配合物的抗菌性能。在实验的基础上,初步探讨了配合物的抗菌机理和影响稀土配合物抗菌性能的因素。实验结果表明,8-羟基喹啉的加入,不仅有利于低热固相反应的迅速发生和完成,而且能够增强配合物的抗菌活性。
     2、以TEOS为前驱体,在表面活性剂存在的条件,采用溶胶-凝胶法原位合成了掺杂不同稀土配合物的有机-无机纳米复合抗菌材料,并通过红外光谱、X-射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、热重-差热分析等手段对所得到的纳米复合材料的组成和结构进行了表征和分析。讨论了表面活性剂的种类(阳离子、阴离子以及非离子表面活性剂)、用量、浓度等因素对纳米复合材料组成和结构的影响。分析结果表明:表面改性后的纳米复合抗菌材料形状比较规则,尺寸比较均匀,在常见的溶剂中分散性较好。
     3、讨论了稀土配合物的种类、掺杂量等因素对纳米复合抗菌材料抗菌性能的影响;探讨了溶胶-凝胶法对纳米复合材料的热稳定性和抗菌性能的影响及原因。抗菌实验结果表明:纳米复合抗菌材料的抗菌活性与掺杂稀土配合物的种类和比例有很大关系;相同条件下,纳米粒子的大小对抗菌剂的抗菌活性影响不大。最后我们还对纳米复合材料的形成机理以及表面活性剂的作用进行了讨论。
     在论文的最后我们对整个硕士论文工作进行了总结,提出了不足之处及展望。
Rare earth complexes have a good antimicrobial properties, which is manifested by the huge number of publications ranging from pharmaceutical chemistry to biochemical relevant studies, it can be used to synthesize novel antimicrobial agents and materials. Based on detailed investigation of a great deal of related literatures, the recent progress in the field of rare earth antimicrobial complexes as well as antimicrobial agents and materials was reviewed. Meanwhile, a great deal work have been done on the synthesis of antimicrobial rare earth complexes and nanocomposite antimicrobial materials doped rare earth complexes. The main achievements in my work are summarized as follows:
    1. Eight salicylic complexes of rare earth and eight rare earth ternary complexes were successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction at low temperature. The complexes were characterized by EA UV, IR, XRD and TG-DTA. Moreover, the antimicrobial properties of the sample were tested by plant method and MIC. The antimicrobial mechanism of rare earth complexes and the factor which affect the antimicrobial properties of the sample were also primiarily discussed on the base of experiment. The results show that the addition of the 8-hydroxyquinoline help the reaction happen and complete, but also increase antimicrobial abilities of the complexes.
    2. Novel organic-inorganic nanocomposite antimicrobial materials doped rare earth complexes were in-situ synthesized by sol-gel process of silicon tetraethoxide in the presence of surfactant. The samples were characterized by IR XRD TEM AFM and TG-DTA, and the roles of surfactant in the forming of sample were also discussed, and the results indicated that the modified sample had a regular shape, uniform size as well as good disperse in common solvents.
    3. The factors which affect antimicrobial properties of the sample such as kinds of rare earth complexes, the amount of doped were discussed. Moreover, the effects of sol-gel process on the heat stability and antimicrobial properties of the sample were also discussed. The results displayed that the antimicrobial activities had great relation to the variety and proportion of the doped rare earth complexes. However, in the same conditions, the size of the sample had a lower effect on antimicrobial activities of the sample. In the end, forming mechanism of the uniform particles and the role of the surfactant were also discussed.
    At last, the whole work has been summarized and the prospective following these work in the present thesis are suggested.
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