用aMDEA～?法改造泸天化1000吨/日合成氨装置脱碳系统的研究
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摘要
本文简要介绍了二氧化碳脱除工艺的发展和近代发展方向以及常用的二氧化碳脱除工艺。详细地介绍了本菲尔(Benfield)脱碳工艺在泸天化1000吨/日合成氨装置上的运行现状。装置虽经过1988年的改造，但脱碳系统仍然存在能耗高，设备腐蚀和净化度低等问题。本文经过对目前新的脱碳工艺的研究，结合泸天化1000吨/日氨装置的脱碳系统实际运行情况及现场流程布置，提出了用a MDEA工艺对以本菲尔脱碳工艺为基础的我公司脱碳系统进行改造的设想。运用传质、传热理论对脱碳装置的主要设备进行能力核算，由此获得的物料和热量数据，以及目前世界上已经用aMDEA工艺对本菲尔脱碳工艺进行了改造的合成氨装置的运行实际效果及数据，证明了用aMDEA工艺用对我公司脱碳系统进行改造是完全可行的，并作出了改造的初步设计方案及工艺流程设计。现有主要设备，如再生塔、吸收塔的能力也完全能够满足改造的需要，只有很少辅助设备需要进行更新改造，而为了能够更好地利用低变气的低位热能，这需要增设几台换热设备。经过物料、热量衡算，证明如果实施改造后节能效果将是十分明显的，同时对环境保护也有积极的意义。如果这一改造付诸实施将会对我公司下一步整个合成氨装置的改造，对合成氨生产的节能降耗，增产增效都具有重要的指导意义。
This paper gives a brief introduction to the development of C02 Removal Process and it's modern development trend, as well as the commonly used C02 Removal Process , It details the currents operation conditions of the Benfield C02 Removal Process applied in Lutianhua company lOOOt/d Ammonia plant. The plant was revamped in 1988 , but the problems of high energy consumption , equipment corrosion and low purity remain unsolved in the C02 Removal system. Through the research on present new C02 Removal Process, a tentative idea is proposed in the light of real conditions of C02 Removal system in the existing plant of Lutianhua Group Inc., that is to transform the C02 Removal system in the company from the Benfield-based into the
a MEDA-based. The capacity examination and calculations key equipment in this CO, Removal system, conducted by using mass-transfer and heat-transfer theories and the data on material and heat thus obtained as well as the actual operation conditions of the transformed C02 Removal system in the world , whose Benfield C02 Removal Process have been replaced by a MEDA Process , demonstrate that the same transform in Lutianhua Plant shall be workable, and at the mean time, the preliminary design scheme and process flow diagram have been worked out. The existing
capacity of key equipment , example of the trip tower and the absorb tower can meet the demand of such transform completely all, only a few auxiliary equipment need modification. In order to make full use of the low-grade heat energy, several heat exchangers are to be added. The calculations on material and heat balance shows the energy-saving result is tangible, and at the same time , it would be good for environment protecting. If the revamp will been done , it provides important guiding ideology for Lutianhua's ammonia plant further revamp, energy-saving and consumption-decreasing, production-measuring and efficiency-improving in ammonia production.
This paper gives a brief introduction to the development of C02 Removal Process and it's modern development trend, as well as the commonly used C02 Removal Process , It details the currents operation conditions of the Benfield C02 Removal Process applied in Lutianhua company lOOOt/d Ammonia plant. The plant was revamped in 1988 , but the problems of high energy consumption , equipment corrosion and low purity remain unsolved in the C02 Removal system. Through the research on present new C02 Removal Process, a tentative idea is proposed in the light of real conditions of C02 Removal system in the existing plant of Lutianhua Group Inc., that is to transform the C02 Removal system in the company from the Benfield-based into the
a MEDA-based. The capacity examination and calculations key equipment in this CO, Removal system, conducted by using mass-transfer and heat-transfer theories and the data on material and heat thus obtained as well as the actual operation conditions of the transformed C02 Removal system in the world , whose Benfield C02 Removal Process have been replaced by a MEDA Process , demonstrate that the same transform in Lutianhua Plant shall be workable, and at the mean time, the preliminary design scheme and process flow diagram have been worked out. The existing
capacity of key equipment , example of the trip tower and the absorb tower can meet the demand of such transform completely all, only a few auxiliary equipment need modification. In order to make full use of the low-grade heat energy, several heat exchangers are to be added. The calculations on material and heat balance shows the energy-saving result is tangible, and at the same time , it would be good for environment protecting. If the revamp will been done , it provides important guiding ideology for Lutianhua's ammonia plant further revamp, energy-saving and consumption-decreasing, production-measuring and efficiency-improving in ammonia production.
引文
[1] Fertilizer 83: Proceeding of international conference London (Nov. 1983), 139-146
[2] Aiche spring national Meeting (May. 1984)
[3] Aiche spring national Meeting (Apr. 1986)
[4] Fertilizer 83, 129-138
[5] Nitrogen 88, 243-252
[6] "Removing the carbon oxides from ammonia synthesis gas" Nitrogen (July-August 1989), 20-30
[7] John J. Mcketta, Encyclopedia of chemical processing and design No.6 Carbon dioxide removal
[8] Nitrogen 1989(July--August), Removing the carbon oxides from ammonia synthesis gas
[9] 《气体净化》 F．C里森 费尔德 A．C 科耳
[10] 《国外气体净化技术》中国技术情报研究所重庆分所编辑
[11] Billy Mock, "Simulation of Acid Gas Absorption in a Packed Column", MIT, 1980. BASF公司提供的内部统计资料，SOUR GAS REMOVAL PLANTS IN WHITH THE BASF a MDEA-PROCESS IS APPLIED, jul. 1999
[12] 张天来，李天文，曹永生《溶剂脱碳技术的改进现状及新进展》，泸天化科技2000年第3期，242-248
[13] 谭天恩等，《化工原理》，化学工业出版社，1984，362～367
[14] 《设备维护检修规程》，化学工业出版社，第5分册，1993，1-157～175
[15] 美国凯洛格公司，《合成氨设计资料汇编》第4分册，1976
[16] 袁一，《大型氨厂合成氨生产工艺》，化学工业出版社，1984，241～262
[17] 美国化学工程师学会，《第42届氨厂安全年会论文集》，1998，6～10
[18] 黄仕年等，《化工机器，化学工业出版社》，1984，28～30
[19] 张佑红，用BASF公司MOEA工艺改造合成氨的净化装置，《化肥设计》，1997(5)
[20] 中国化工信息中心，合成气脱二氧化碳技术经济评价，《中氮肥》，1994(曾刊)
[21] 《化学工程手册，化学工业出版社》，第2卷，1989，8-10～137
[22] 新疆乌鲁木齐石化公司二化肥厂脱碳物料、热量平衡流程图
[23] 新疆乌鲁木齐石化公司二化肥厂脱碳运行数据表
[24] 30万吨／年合成氨设备一览表(A型厂)，1976，8～9，44，47
[25] 石油化学工业部化工设计院主编《氮肥设计手册》理化数据分册，石油化学工业出版社，1977，286～287
[26] 石油化学工业部化工设计院主编《氮肥设计手册》理化数据分册，石油化学工业出版社，1977，311～312
[27] 于遵宏等，《大型合成氨厂工艺过程分析》，中国石化出版社，1993，292～338
[28] 化学工业部化肥司、化学工业部第四设计院编，《大型化肥装置基础资料汇编》，1993，556
[29] 30万吨合成氨设计基础资料
[30] 泸天化1988年改造后1000吨／日的物料平衡数据及流程图
[2] Aiche spring national Meeting (May. 1984)
[3] Aiche spring national Meeting (Apr. 1986)
[4] Fertilizer 83, 129-138
[5] Nitrogen 88, 243-252
[6] "Removing the carbon oxides from ammonia synthesis gas" Nitrogen (July-August 1989), 20-30
[7] John J. Mcketta, Encyclopedia of chemical processing and design No.6 Carbon dioxide removal
[8] Nitrogen 1989(July--August), Removing the carbon oxides from ammonia synthesis gas
[9] 《气体净化》 F．C里森 费尔德 A．C 科耳
[10] 《国外气体净化技术》中国技术情报研究所重庆分所编辑
[11] Billy Mock, "Simulation of Acid Gas Absorption in a Packed Column", MIT, 1980. BASF公司提供的内部统计资料，SOUR GAS REMOVAL PLANTS IN WHITH THE BASF a MDEA-PROCESS IS APPLIED, jul. 1999
[12] 张天来，李天文，曹永生《溶剂脱碳技术的改进现状及新进展》，泸天化科技2000年第3期，242-248
[13] 谭天恩等，《化工原理》，化学工业出版社，1984，362～367
[14] 《设备维护检修规程》，化学工业出版社，第5分册，1993，1-157～175
[15] 美国凯洛格公司，《合成氨设计资料汇编》第4分册，1976
[16] 袁一，《大型氨厂合成氨生产工艺》，化学工业出版社，1984，241～262
[17] 美国化学工程师学会，《第42届氨厂安全年会论文集》，1998，6～10
[18] 黄仕年等，《化工机器，化学工业出版社》，1984，28～30
[19] 张佑红，用BASF公司MOEA工艺改造合成氨的净化装置，《化肥设计》，1997(5)
[20] 中国化工信息中心，合成气脱二氧化碳技术经济评价，《中氮肥》，1994(曾刊)
[21] 《化学工程手册，化学工业出版社》，第2卷，1989，8-10～137
[22] 新疆乌鲁木齐石化公司二化肥厂脱碳物料、热量平衡流程图
[23] 新疆乌鲁木齐石化公司二化肥厂脱碳运行数据表
[24] 30万吨／年合成氨设备一览表(A型厂)，1976，8～9，44，47
[25] 石油化学工业部化工设计院主编《氮肥设计手册》理化数据分册，石油化学工业出版社，1977，286～287
[26] 石油化学工业部化工设计院主编《氮肥设计手册》理化数据分册，石油化学工业出版社，1977，311～312
[27] 于遵宏等，《大型合成氨厂工艺过程分析》，中国石化出版社，1993，292～338
[28] 化学工业部化肥司、化学工业部第四设计院编，《大型化肥装置基础资料汇编》，1993，556
[29] 30万吨合成氨设计基础资料
[30] 泸天化1988年改造后1000吨／日的物料平衡数据及流程图