城市电网三维可视化规划方法及应用研究
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摘要
传统的城市电网规划一般使用单线图、平面图形。而随着城市经济的快速发展,负荷容量及负荷密度的大幅增长,城市电网的规模也日趋复杂,原有简单的几何图形加注记的形式不能有效地反映城市电网线路现状以及周围城市的市政环境。近年来,随着三维建模、空间数据库以及多智能体等技术的发展,在三维空间上的真实、准确、全面地展示城市电网规划所需的信息成为可能。因此,研究基于三维可视化技术的城市电网规划平台及动态规划方法具有重要的理论和现实意义。
本文对建立三维可视化城市电网规划平台及应用多智能体技术于城市电网规划的各方面问题进行了深入的研究和探讨,全文包括以下几个章节：
第一章详细分析了城市电网的发展现状,对目前电网规划的研究内容、目的意义进行了探讨,综述了当前电网规划中存在的问题,并指出三维可视化是解决这些问题的一种新的途径。最后,阐述了本课题的研究意义。
第二章在介绍三维可视化基本概念、关键技术的基础上,分析了本文所要建立的空间三维可视化城市电网规划平台的基本功能,包括电网现状分析、负荷预测、变电站定容选址以及网架规划等。根据这些基本功能要求,对空间三维可视化城市电网规划平台的总体架构、网络构架、总体数据流和电网规划模型进行了研究和设计。另外,对图形管理软件平台进行了分析,最后,给出实现平台框架的各种关键技术。
第三章在分析和研究IEC61970／61968标准的基础上,遵循CIM标准和CIM扩展原则,结合面向对象的三维可视化建模技术,对城市电网规划中涉及到的相关模型进行三维建模。并提出了一套面向CIM的三维建模方法OCIM-3D,即将电网设备的空间模型通过继承基础空间包,进而分类扩展,合并进入CIM体系,为在计算机中真实再现城市电网的三维景观提供基础支持。另外,通过对空间数据库、多态数据访问技术的研究,为城市电网空间信息的管理、传输和集成共享提供了可行的技术方案。
第四章对三维可视化城市电网规划数据集成平台进行了研究,从城市电网规划实践中目前普遍存在的“信息集成度差”、“存在信息孤岛”等问题着手,采用最新的信息集成标准、企业综合集成总线、CORBA标准等,基于多智能体技术,提出了电网规划的开放式信息集成平台及其体系结构,并研究了其实现方式。将孤岛电网信息系统有效结合起来,为三维城市电网规划的信息获取、信息共享、信息传输提供有力的支撑。
第五章基于多智能体技术,提出了一种解决城市电网优化规划一系列问题的框架。首先,提出了一种结合粒子群优算法的分布式计算结构,然后,针对城市电网划中的负荷预测、变电站定容选址、网架优化规划等问题,对算法流程进行了改进,该框架可望为进一步通过结合空间数据改进优化模型,进行大规模城市电网动态可视化规划提供支持。
为了验证本文所建立的三维可视化城市电网规划平台的有效性,以重庆城市电网十二五规划为例,第六章给出了应用该平台进行城市电网规划的结果。
第七章总结了本文的主要贡献及下一步研究工作的展望。
Traditionally, single-line diagrams and planar graphs are used in the management of urban power grid. As the economic develops rapidly, there is a significant increase in load capacity and density, the urban power grid becomes more and more complex. The current information of urban power grid and municipal environment can barely be shown by the traditional ways. In recent years the development of 3D modeling, space database, and MAS(multi-agent system) technique make it possible to display the needed information in 3D space really, exactly and completely, which urban power grid desired. Thus, research on 3D visualization of urban power network planning platform and dynamic programming method has important theoretical and practical significance.
This paper has made a deep discussion on creating 3D visualization urban power network planning platform and some problems applying MAS technique to urban power network planning. It contains the following sections:
In chapter 1, the current information of urban power grid development has been analyzed at first. Then, deep discussions about the research contents, objective and significance have been made. Also, there gives an overview of problems which existed in current urban power grid planning, it is pointed out that 3D visualization is a new approach to solve these problems.
In chapter 2, after the introduction of basic concepts and crucial techniques about 3D visualization, there has an analysis on the principal functions of 3D visualization urban power network planning platform, which include the analysis of current power grid, substation capacity and location, load forecasting and network planning etc. Then, according requirements of these principal functions, researches and designs on overall framework, network framework, overall flow of data and power grid model have been made. Furthermore, it gives some discussions about graphics software platform. At last, list out all crucial techniques of platform framework.
In chapter 3, IEC-61970/61968 has been studied. Combining with the 3D modeling, some models of urban power grid are created, which can provide a basic support for virtual reality. And study about the space database, multi-data access technique can also give a feasible technical scheme for the management, transmission and communication of urban power grid information.
In chapter 4, it is focused on the urban power grid planning data integration platform based on 3D visualization technique. Commence to "Information Island" problem, CORBA and enterprise synthetic integration bus and other new standard etc. are adopted. Based on the MAS, an open information integration platform with multi-business application, multi-software system and multi-manipulation platform is proposed. This ca provides the information acquisition, sharing and transmission of 3D urban power grid.
In chapter 5, based on MAS technology, it has proposed a framework to solve a range of problems in urban power gird optimal planning. At first, distributed computing architecture which combine particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Then, according to problems of load forecasting, substation capacity and location, network planning etc, it has improved the algorithms. The platform created is expected to give support to carry out large-scale urban grid dynamically visualization planning by combining space data to improve the optimization model.
In order to validate the effectiveness of the 3D visualization urban power network planning platform, this paper take "The 12th five-year Chongqing Urban power gird planning as an example, Chapter 6 gives part of planning results.
In chapter 7, it summarizes the main contribution of this paper and gives some prospect for the future research.
本文对建立三维可视化城市电网规划平台及应用多智能体技术于城市电网规划的各方面问题进行了深入的研究和探讨,全文包括以下几个章节：
第一章详细分析了城市电网的发展现状,对目前电网规划的研究内容、目的意义进行了探讨,综述了当前电网规划中存在的问题,并指出三维可视化是解决这些问题的一种新的途径。最后,阐述了本课题的研究意义。
第二章在介绍三维可视化基本概念、关键技术的基础上,分析了本文所要建立的空间三维可视化城市电网规划平台的基本功能,包括电网现状分析、负荷预测、变电站定容选址以及网架规划等。根据这些基本功能要求,对空间三维可视化城市电网规划平台的总体架构、网络构架、总体数据流和电网规划模型进行了研究和设计。另外,对图形管理软件平台进行了分析,最后,给出实现平台框架的各种关键技术。
第三章在分析和研究IEC61970／61968标准的基础上,遵循CIM标准和CIM扩展原则,结合面向对象的三维可视化建模技术,对城市电网规划中涉及到的相关模型进行三维建模。并提出了一套面向CIM的三维建模方法OCIM-3D,即将电网设备的空间模型通过继承基础空间包,进而分类扩展,合并进入CIM体系,为在计算机中真实再现城市电网的三维景观提供基础支持。另外,通过对空间数据库、多态数据访问技术的研究,为城市电网空间信息的管理、传输和集成共享提供了可行的技术方案。
第四章对三维可视化城市电网规划数据集成平台进行了研究,从城市电网规划实践中目前普遍存在的“信息集成度差”、“存在信息孤岛”等问题着手,采用最新的信息集成标准、企业综合集成总线、CORBA标准等,基于多智能体技术,提出了电网规划的开放式信息集成平台及其体系结构,并研究了其实现方式。将孤岛电网信息系统有效结合起来,为三维城市电网规划的信息获取、信息共享、信息传输提供有力的支撑。
第五章基于多智能体技术,提出了一种解决城市电网优化规划一系列问题的框架。首先,提出了一种结合粒子群优算法的分布式计算结构,然后,针对城市电网划中的负荷预测、变电站定容选址、网架优化规划等问题,对算法流程进行了改进,该框架可望为进一步通过结合空间数据改进优化模型,进行大规模城市电网动态可视化规划提供支持。
为了验证本文所建立的三维可视化城市电网规划平台的有效性,以重庆城市电网十二五规划为例,第六章给出了应用该平台进行城市电网规划的结果。
第七章总结了本文的主要贡献及下一步研究工作的展望。
Traditionally, single-line diagrams and planar graphs are used in the management of urban power grid. As the economic develops rapidly, there is a significant increase in load capacity and density, the urban power grid becomes more and more complex. The current information of urban power grid and municipal environment can barely be shown by the traditional ways. In recent years the development of 3D modeling, space database, and MAS(multi-agent system) technique make it possible to display the needed information in 3D space really, exactly and completely, which urban power grid desired. Thus, research on 3D visualization of urban power network planning platform and dynamic programming method has important theoretical and practical significance.
This paper has made a deep discussion on creating 3D visualization urban power network planning platform and some problems applying MAS technique to urban power network planning. It contains the following sections:
In chapter 1, the current information of urban power grid development has been analyzed at first. Then, deep discussions about the research contents, objective and significance have been made. Also, there gives an overview of problems which existed in current urban power grid planning, it is pointed out that 3D visualization is a new approach to solve these problems.
In chapter 2, after the introduction of basic concepts and crucial techniques about 3D visualization, there has an analysis on the principal functions of 3D visualization urban power network planning platform, which include the analysis of current power grid, substation capacity and location, load forecasting and network planning etc. Then, according requirements of these principal functions, researches and designs on overall framework, network framework, overall flow of data and power grid model have been made. Furthermore, it gives some discussions about graphics software platform. At last, list out all crucial techniques of platform framework.
In chapter 3, IEC-61970/61968 has been studied. Combining with the 3D modeling, some models of urban power grid are created, which can provide a basic support for virtual reality. And study about the space database, multi-data access technique can also give a feasible technical scheme for the management, transmission and communication of urban power grid information.
In chapter 4, it is focused on the urban power grid planning data integration platform based on 3D visualization technique. Commence to "Information Island" problem, CORBA and enterprise synthetic integration bus and other new standard etc. are adopted. Based on the MAS, an open information integration platform with multi-business application, multi-software system and multi-manipulation platform is proposed. This ca provides the information acquisition, sharing and transmission of 3D urban power grid.
In chapter 5, based on MAS technology, it has proposed a framework to solve a range of problems in urban power gird optimal planning. At first, distributed computing architecture which combine particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Then, according to problems of load forecasting, substation capacity and location, network planning etc, it has improved the algorithms. The platform created is expected to give support to carry out large-scale urban grid dynamically visualization planning by combining space data to improve the optimization model.
In order to validate the effectiveness of the 3D visualization urban power network planning platform, this paper take "The 12th five-year Chongqing Urban power gird planning as an example, Chapter 6 gives part of planning results.
In chapter 7, it summarizes the main contribution of this paper and gives some prospect for the future research.
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