大鼠心肌梗死后厄贝沙坦对PPAR-γ表达及心室重塑的影响
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摘要
目的探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR-γ)在大鼠心肌梗死后心肌细胞中的表达水平,厄贝沙坦是否逆转心室重塑,其机制是否与PPAR-γ有关。
方法结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支建立心肌梗死模型,24 h后存活大鼠随机分成心肌梗死组(MI组)、厄贝沙坦组(Irbesartan,Ire组75mg/kg/d ),另设假手术组(Sham组)。6周后测定PPAR-γmRNA及蛋白的表达、左室重量指数、心肌细胞横切面积、心肌胶原容积分数。
结果与假手术组比较,MI组大鼠心肌中PPAR-γmRNA及蛋白表达水平显著降低,左室重量指数增加,心肌细胞横截面积增加,非梗死区胶原沉积明显,胶原比例增加。Ire组心肌中PPAR-γmRNA及蛋白表达水平增高,左室重量指数降低,心肌细胞横切面积减少,非梗死区胶原沉积减少。
结论PPAR-γ在大鼠心肌梗死时心肌细胞中的表达下调,厄贝沙坦能够上调并激活PPAR-γ,后者可能与逆转心肌梗死后左室重塑有关。
Objective To study the expression of PPAR-γin the left ventricular myocardium in rats with myocardial infarction ,and to investigate whether the mechanism of Irbesartan reversing the ventricular remodeling is related to PPAR-γ.
Methods Myocardial infarction models were successfully induced by ligation of anterior descending coronary artery.24h later the survivors were randomly divided into 3 groups:①MI group;②Irbesartan group(75 mg/(kg.d));③The rats with sham ligation formed Sham group.After 6 weeks,the expression of PPAR-γ,the ratio of LV weight to body weight (LVWI),cross-section area (CSA)of left ventricular myocardium were examined.The collagen volume fraction(CVF) were analyzed by PSR dying.
Results In MI group ,compared with those in Sham group,the expression of PPAR-γmRNA and protein in the left ventricular myocardium decreaced significantly, but the LVWI ,CSA and the CVF in non-infarcted zone increased. Compared with those in MI group,in Ire group, the expression of PPAR-γmRNA and protein in cadiocyte increaced ,while the LVWI ,CSA and the CVF in non-infarcted zone decreased.
Conclusion The expression of PPARγis down-regulated in the left ventricular myocardium with myocardial infarction . Irbesartan reverses the left ventricular remodeling possibly by up-regulating and activating PPARγ.
方法结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支建立心肌梗死模型,24 h后存活大鼠随机分成心肌梗死组(MI组)、厄贝沙坦组(Irbesartan,Ire组75mg/kg/d ),另设假手术组(Sham组)。6周后测定PPAR-γmRNA及蛋白的表达、左室重量指数、心肌细胞横切面积、心肌胶原容积分数。
结果与假手术组比较,MI组大鼠心肌中PPAR-γmRNA及蛋白表达水平显著降低,左室重量指数增加,心肌细胞横截面积增加,非梗死区胶原沉积明显,胶原比例增加。Ire组心肌中PPAR-γmRNA及蛋白表达水平增高,左室重量指数降低,心肌细胞横切面积减少,非梗死区胶原沉积减少。
结论PPAR-γ在大鼠心肌梗死时心肌细胞中的表达下调,厄贝沙坦能够上调并激活PPAR-γ,后者可能与逆转心肌梗死后左室重塑有关。
Objective To study the expression of PPAR-γin the left ventricular myocardium in rats with myocardial infarction ,and to investigate whether the mechanism of Irbesartan reversing the ventricular remodeling is related to PPAR-γ.
Methods Myocardial infarction models were successfully induced by ligation of anterior descending coronary artery.24h later the survivors were randomly divided into 3 groups:①MI group;②Irbesartan group(75 mg/(kg.d));③The rats with sham ligation formed Sham group.After 6 weeks,the expression of PPAR-γ,the ratio of LV weight to body weight (LVWI),cross-section area (CSA)of left ventricular myocardium were examined.The collagen volume fraction(CVF) were analyzed by PSR dying.
Results In MI group ,compared with those in Sham group,the expression of PPAR-γmRNA and protein in the left ventricular myocardium decreaced significantly, but the LVWI ,CSA and the CVF in non-infarcted zone increased. Compared with those in MI group,in Ire group, the expression of PPAR-γmRNA and protein in cadiocyte increaced ,while the LVWI ,CSA and the CVF in non-infarcted zone decreased.
Conclusion The expression of PPARγis down-regulated in the left ventricular myocardium with myocardial infarction . Irbesartan reverses the left ventricular remodeling possibly by up-regulating and activating PPARγ.
引文
[1]杨维,叶平.中华老年心脑血管病杂志[J].2006,8(2):138-140
[2]郝广华,牛小麟.过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体与心室重构[J].心脏杂志.2006,18(2):237-241
[3]方优红,陈春晓.一个IBD治疗的新靶点[J].国际消化杂志.2008,28(4): 270-272
[4] Sakai S , Miyauchi T , Irukayama-T0-Mobey , et a1 . Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activators inhibit endothelin-1 related cardiac hypertrophy in rats[J].Clin Sci,2002,103 (Suppl 48):16S-20S
[5] Asakawa M,Takano H,Nagai T,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma plays a critical role in inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo[J].Circulation.2OO2,105:1240-1246
[6]叶平,张铖,伍士敏,等.吡格列酮抑制大鼠心肌肥厚的实验研究.中国应用生理学杂志[J].2005,21(1):36-39
[7]孙绍骞,张志国,赵学忠等.厄贝沙坦对急性心肌梗死大鼠心室重构的影响[J].中国老年学杂志.2008, 28: 746-748
[8] Michael Schupp, BPharm; Jürgen Janke, PhD; Ronald Clasen, BPharm;Thomas Unger, MD; Ulrich Kintscher, MD . Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers Induce Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γActivity[J]. Circulation. 2004,109: 2054-2057
[9]张春蕾,王跃民,李源,等.大鼠慢性心肌梗死模型的制作[J].心脏杂志(Chin Heart J).2005,17(6):539-541
[10] Izumiya Y,Kim S,Izumi Y,et al.Apoptosis singnal-regulating kinase 1 plays a pivotal role in angiotensinⅡ-induced cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling [J].CircRes.2003,93:874-883
[11]郑伟.苦味酸天狼猩红染色在心脏胶原纤维定量分析中的应用[J].福建医科大学学报.1996,35(2):225
[12] Liu Jiangang,Dong Guoqu,Shi Dazhuo,et al. Study of Yuxingeng Fluid onProtection of Ultrastructure of Myocardial Cell , M itochondria and Antioxidation in Wistar Rats with Heart Failure After Acute Myocardial Infarction[J].Journal of Chinese Microcirculation.2005,9(6):389-392
[13]陈国忠,傅国胜,赵志宏等.替米沙坦、安体舒通及其合用对防治大鼠急性心肌梗死左室重构的作用[J].浙江临床医学.2006, 8(7)679 -680
[14]郭张强,廖玉华,程翔等.心肌梗死大鼠心室重塑的动态观察[J].分子与细免疫学.2006,22:1075-1078
[15]张晓丽,吴强一,彭林林等.心肌梗死后神经内分泌激活与心脏胶原重塑的研究[J].贵州医药.2008, 32(7): 581-583
[16]谢萍,祝善俊.急性心肌梗死后心脏重塑及其临床意义[J].临床心血管病杂志.2002.18(9):476-477
[17] Isbell DC, Voros S, Yang Z, DiMaria JM,etc. Interaction between bradykinin subtype 2 and angiotensin II type 2 receptors during post-MI left ventricular remodeling[J]. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 , 293(6): 3372-3378
[18] Timmers L,van Keulen JK,Hoefer IE,etc. Targeted deletion of nuclear factor kappaB p50 enhances cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following myocardial infarction[J].Circ Res.2009,104(5):699-706
[19] Swaney JS, Patel HH, Yokoyama U ,etc. Adenylyl cyclase activity and function are decreased in rat cardiac fibroblasts after myocardial infarction [J].Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007,293(5): 3216-20
[20]雷健,狄鸣,李佐民,等.过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ在阿霉素致心力衰竭大鼠左室心肌中表达与罗格列酮的干预作用[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复.2007,11(51):10260-10264
[21] Li Z, Zhu XY, Li M, etc. Protective effect of ghrelin on left ventricular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats is associated with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent pathway[J]. Chin Med J (Engl). 2008 ,121(22):2299-2304
[22] Asakawa M,Takano H,Nagai T,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-act -ivated receptor gamma plays a critical role in inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo[J].Circulation.2002,105:1240-1246
[23] Henderson BC, Sen U, Reynolds C, et al.Reversal of systemic hypertension–associated cardiac remodeling in chronic pressure overload myocardium by ciglitazone.Int J Biol Sci. 2007, 3(6):385-92
[24] Zhao SM, Shen LH, Li HW,etc. Down-regulation of the expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblast by activation of PPARgamma signal pathway[J]. Chin J Physiol. 2008 ,51(6):357-362
[25] Zhao Ying,Ye Ping.The pathophysiologic mechanism of PPARγand its activators on ventricular remodeling and heart failure[J]. Acta Aeademiae Medieinae CPAPF.2004,13(4)333-335
[26] Bian Suyan,Liu Hongbin,and Yang Ting-Shu ,et a1.Effect of Irbesartan on Late Ventricular Remodeling and entricular Function After Acute M yocardial Infarction. Chin J Arterioscler. 2006, 14(8): 649-652
[27] Jiang Fenglin , Feng Jun , Zheng Zhi .The Effect of lrbesartan on Cardiomyocytes Hypertrophy and c-fos mRNA Expression Induced by AngⅡ[J]. Chin J Hypertensio. 2006,14(6):473-476
[28]杨春梅,李小平,赵学忠等.厄贝沙坦对大鼠实验性心肌梗死的保护作用[J].第三军医大学学报.2008,30(13):1303-1304
[29] Fliegner D, Westermann D, Riad A,etc. Up-regulation of PPARgamma in myocardial infarction [J].Eur J Heart Fail. 2008,10(1):30-8
[1] Michael Schupp, BPharm; Jürgen Janke, PhD; Ronald Clasen, BPharm;Thomas Unger, MD; Ulrich Kintscher, MD . Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers Induce Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γActivity[J]. Circulation, 2004,109: 2054-2057
[2] Sugawara A,Takeuchi K,Uruno A,et a1.Transcriptiona1 suppression of type 1 angiotensin II receptor gene expression by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in vascular smooth musclecells[J].Endocrinology.2001,142:3125-3134
[3] Geng Deng feng , Wu Wei , Lei Juan , et a1 . Efects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γActivator Rosiglitazone on Hemodynamics and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System After M yocardial Infarction in Rats[J].fj SUN Yat-sell Univ(Med Sci).2004,25(2):I14-118
[4] Yamamoto K,Ohki R,Lee RT,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γactivators inhibit cardiac hypertrophy in cardiac myocyte[J].Circulation.2001,104:1670-1675
[5] Tetsuya S,Hiroyuki T,Shunji H,et a1.Pioglitazone a peroxisome Proliferators-activated receptor-γagonist attenuates left ventricular remodeling and failure after experimental myocardial infarction[J].Circulation.2002,106 :3126-3132
[6] Yuan Z Y,Liu Y,Liu Y,et a1.Cardioprotective effects of PPAR-γactivators in autoimmune myocarditis : anti-inflammatory actions associated with NF-κB blockade[J].Heart.2005,91:1136-l138
[7] Sakai S , Miyauchi T , Irukayama-To-Mobey , et a1 . Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activators inhibit endothelin-1 related cardiac hypertrophy in rats[J].Clin Sci.2002,103 (Suppl 48):16S-20S
[8] Asakawa M,Takano H,Nagai T,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma plays a critical role in inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and invivo[J].Circulation.2OO2,105:1240-1246
[9]周庆峰,王洪新,王怡薇,等.吡格列酮对高糖高胰岛素诱导的心肌细胞肥大的影响[J].中国药理学通报,2004,20(7):818- 821.
[10]郝广华,牛小麟,等.过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ与心室重构[J].心脏杂志.2006,18(2) :237-241
[11]叶平,张铖,伍士敏,等.吡格列酮抑制大鼠心肌肥厚的实验研究.中国应用生理学杂志[J]. 2005, 21(1):36-39
[12] Chen K,Chen J,Li DY.et a1.Angiotensin II regulation of collagen type 1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts modulation by PPARγligand pioglitazone[J].Hypertension.2004.44:655-661
[13] Chen K,Li D,Zhang XJ.et a1.Anoxia-reoxygenation stimulates collagen type I and MMP-1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts mod- ulation by the PPARγligand pioglitazone[J].J Cardiovasc pharmacol.2004,44:682-687
[14] Iglarz M,Touyz RM,Viel EC,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-αand receptor-γactivators prevent cardiac fibrosis in mineralocorticoid-dependent hypertension[J].Hypertension.2003,42:737-743
[15] Smiley LM,Camp TM,Lucehesi PA.et a1.Peroxisome proliferator ameliorates endocardial endothelial and muscarinic dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats[J].Aatioxid Redox Signa1.2004,6(2):367-374
[16] Lei Jian,Liu Hongzhi,QI Benling,et a1.The molecular mechanism of protective effect of PPAR-γligand rosglitazone for left ventrieular remodeling and dysfunction in experimental congestive heart failure rat .Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Review.2006,4(6):453-456
[17] Bian Suyan,Liu Hongbin,and Yang Tingshu ,et a1.Effect of Irbesartan on Late Ventricular Remodeling and entricular Function After Acute M yocardial Infarction. Chin J Arterioscler. 2006, 14(8): 649-652
[2]郝广华,牛小麟.过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体与心室重构[J].心脏杂志.2006,18(2):237-241
[3]方优红,陈春晓.一个IBD治疗的新靶点[J].国际消化杂志.2008,28(4): 270-272
[4] Sakai S , Miyauchi T , Irukayama-T0-Mobey , et a1 . Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activators inhibit endothelin-1 related cardiac hypertrophy in rats[J].Clin Sci,2002,103 (Suppl 48):16S-20S
[5] Asakawa M,Takano H,Nagai T,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma plays a critical role in inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo[J].Circulation.2OO2,105:1240-1246
[6]叶平,张铖,伍士敏,等.吡格列酮抑制大鼠心肌肥厚的实验研究.中国应用生理学杂志[J].2005,21(1):36-39
[7]孙绍骞,张志国,赵学忠等.厄贝沙坦对急性心肌梗死大鼠心室重构的影响[J].中国老年学杂志.2008, 28: 746-748
[8] Michael Schupp, BPharm; Jürgen Janke, PhD; Ronald Clasen, BPharm;Thomas Unger, MD; Ulrich Kintscher, MD . Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers Induce Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γActivity[J]. Circulation. 2004,109: 2054-2057
[9]张春蕾,王跃民,李源,等.大鼠慢性心肌梗死模型的制作[J].心脏杂志(Chin Heart J).2005,17(6):539-541
[10] Izumiya Y,Kim S,Izumi Y,et al.Apoptosis singnal-regulating kinase 1 plays a pivotal role in angiotensinⅡ-induced cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling [J].CircRes.2003,93:874-883
[11]郑伟.苦味酸天狼猩红染色在心脏胶原纤维定量分析中的应用[J].福建医科大学学报.1996,35(2):225
[12] Liu Jiangang,Dong Guoqu,Shi Dazhuo,et al. Study of Yuxingeng Fluid onProtection of Ultrastructure of Myocardial Cell , M itochondria and Antioxidation in Wistar Rats with Heart Failure After Acute Myocardial Infarction[J].Journal of Chinese Microcirculation.2005,9(6):389-392
[13]陈国忠,傅国胜,赵志宏等.替米沙坦、安体舒通及其合用对防治大鼠急性心肌梗死左室重构的作用[J].浙江临床医学.2006, 8(7)679 -680
[14]郭张强,廖玉华,程翔等.心肌梗死大鼠心室重塑的动态观察[J].分子与细免疫学.2006,22:1075-1078
[15]张晓丽,吴强一,彭林林等.心肌梗死后神经内分泌激活与心脏胶原重塑的研究[J].贵州医药.2008, 32(7): 581-583
[16]谢萍,祝善俊.急性心肌梗死后心脏重塑及其临床意义[J].临床心血管病杂志.2002.18(9):476-477
[17] Isbell DC, Voros S, Yang Z, DiMaria JM,etc. Interaction between bradykinin subtype 2 and angiotensin II type 2 receptors during post-MI left ventricular remodeling[J]. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 , 293(6): 3372-3378
[18] Timmers L,van Keulen JK,Hoefer IE,etc. Targeted deletion of nuclear factor kappaB p50 enhances cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following myocardial infarction[J].Circ Res.2009,104(5):699-706
[19] Swaney JS, Patel HH, Yokoyama U ,etc. Adenylyl cyclase activity and function are decreased in rat cardiac fibroblasts after myocardial infarction [J].Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007,293(5): 3216-20
[20]雷健,狄鸣,李佐民,等.过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ在阿霉素致心力衰竭大鼠左室心肌中表达与罗格列酮的干预作用[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复.2007,11(51):10260-10264
[21] Li Z, Zhu XY, Li M, etc. Protective effect of ghrelin on left ventricular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats is associated with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent pathway[J]. Chin Med J (Engl). 2008 ,121(22):2299-2304
[22] Asakawa M,Takano H,Nagai T,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-act -ivated receptor gamma plays a critical role in inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo[J].Circulation.2002,105:1240-1246
[23] Henderson BC, Sen U, Reynolds C, et al.Reversal of systemic hypertension–associated cardiac remodeling in chronic pressure overload myocardium by ciglitazone.Int J Biol Sci. 2007, 3(6):385-92
[24] Zhao SM, Shen LH, Li HW,etc. Down-regulation of the expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblast by activation of PPARgamma signal pathway[J]. Chin J Physiol. 2008 ,51(6):357-362
[25] Zhao Ying,Ye Ping.The pathophysiologic mechanism of PPARγand its activators on ventricular remodeling and heart failure[J]. Acta Aeademiae Medieinae CPAPF.2004,13(4)333-335
[26] Bian Suyan,Liu Hongbin,and Yang Ting-Shu ,et a1.Effect of Irbesartan on Late Ventricular Remodeling and entricular Function After Acute M yocardial Infarction. Chin J Arterioscler. 2006, 14(8): 649-652
[27] Jiang Fenglin , Feng Jun , Zheng Zhi .The Effect of lrbesartan on Cardiomyocytes Hypertrophy and c-fos mRNA Expression Induced by AngⅡ[J]. Chin J Hypertensio. 2006,14(6):473-476
[28]杨春梅,李小平,赵学忠等.厄贝沙坦对大鼠实验性心肌梗死的保护作用[J].第三军医大学学报.2008,30(13):1303-1304
[29] Fliegner D, Westermann D, Riad A,etc. Up-regulation of PPARgamma in myocardial infarction [J].Eur J Heart Fail. 2008,10(1):30-8
[1] Michael Schupp, BPharm; Jürgen Janke, PhD; Ronald Clasen, BPharm;Thomas Unger, MD; Ulrich Kintscher, MD . Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers Induce Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γActivity[J]. Circulation, 2004,109: 2054-2057
[2] Sugawara A,Takeuchi K,Uruno A,et a1.Transcriptiona1 suppression of type 1 angiotensin II receptor gene expression by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in vascular smooth musclecells[J].Endocrinology.2001,142:3125-3134
[3] Geng Deng feng , Wu Wei , Lei Juan , et a1 . Efects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γActivator Rosiglitazone on Hemodynamics and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System After M yocardial Infarction in Rats[J].fj SUN Yat-sell Univ(Med Sci).2004,25(2):I14-118
[4] Yamamoto K,Ohki R,Lee RT,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γactivators inhibit cardiac hypertrophy in cardiac myocyte[J].Circulation.2001,104:1670-1675
[5] Tetsuya S,Hiroyuki T,Shunji H,et a1.Pioglitazone a peroxisome Proliferators-activated receptor-γagonist attenuates left ventricular remodeling and failure after experimental myocardial infarction[J].Circulation.2002,106 :3126-3132
[6] Yuan Z Y,Liu Y,Liu Y,et a1.Cardioprotective effects of PPAR-γactivators in autoimmune myocarditis : anti-inflammatory actions associated with NF-κB blockade[J].Heart.2005,91:1136-l138
[7] Sakai S , Miyauchi T , Irukayama-To-Mobey , et a1 . Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activators inhibit endothelin-1 related cardiac hypertrophy in rats[J].Clin Sci.2002,103 (Suppl 48):16S-20S
[8] Asakawa M,Takano H,Nagai T,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma plays a critical role in inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and invivo[J].Circulation.2OO2,105:1240-1246
[9]周庆峰,王洪新,王怡薇,等.吡格列酮对高糖高胰岛素诱导的心肌细胞肥大的影响[J].中国药理学通报,2004,20(7):818- 821.
[10]郝广华,牛小麟,等.过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ与心室重构[J].心脏杂志.2006,18(2) :237-241
[11]叶平,张铖,伍士敏,等.吡格列酮抑制大鼠心肌肥厚的实验研究.中国应用生理学杂志[J]. 2005, 21(1):36-39
[12] Chen K,Chen J,Li DY.et a1.Angiotensin II regulation of collagen type 1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts modulation by PPARγligand pioglitazone[J].Hypertension.2004.44:655-661
[13] Chen K,Li D,Zhang XJ.et a1.Anoxia-reoxygenation stimulates collagen type I and MMP-1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts mod- ulation by the PPARγligand pioglitazone[J].J Cardiovasc pharmacol.2004,44:682-687
[14] Iglarz M,Touyz RM,Viel EC,et a1.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-αand receptor-γactivators prevent cardiac fibrosis in mineralocorticoid-dependent hypertension[J].Hypertension.2003,42:737-743
[15] Smiley LM,Camp TM,Lucehesi PA.et a1.Peroxisome proliferator ameliorates endocardial endothelial and muscarinic dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats[J].Aatioxid Redox Signa1.2004,6(2):367-374
[16] Lei Jian,Liu Hongzhi,QI Benling,et a1.The molecular mechanism of protective effect of PPAR-γligand rosglitazone for left ventrieular remodeling and dysfunction in experimental congestive heart failure rat .Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Review.2006,4(6):453-456
[17] Bian Suyan,Liu Hongbin,and Yang Tingshu ,et a1.Effect of Irbesartan on Late Ventricular Remodeling and entricular Function After Acute M yocardial Infarction. Chin J Arterioscler. 2006, 14(8): 649-652