基于服务模式创新的物流业与制造业协同联动体系研究
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摘要
进入21世纪以来,自然资源的约束和社会需求的多样化促使社会经济逐步由产品经济向服务经济模式转变。发展服务经济一方面表现为现代服务业本身的发展,另一方面表现为传统制造业向服务化的转变。在发展服务经济的过程产生了两个主要问题：一个是如何进行服务创新,发展现代服务业；另一个是在服务经济时代社会分工进一步细化的背景下如何实现各行业之间的有效协同。很多学者对于以上两个问题的解决办法进行了探究,取得了一系列的研究成果。但对于服务供给的共性问题、服务和协同之间内在联系以及如何建立一般化服务的创新理论还缺乏充分认识。服务经济发展必然会导致社会分工的进一步细化,进而产生对协同的更大需求。而从协同需求的本质来看,对协同的需求实际上就是对满足协同的特殊服务的需求。因此,对于协同问题的解决可以用一种新型服务来满足。本论文的研究就是基于这一问题展开的。首先,针对当前服务创新和服务创新模式研究领域的缺陷,明确了服务模式作为服务供给机制这一概念,并运用技术和制度作为服务模式的组成要素,建立了服务模式创新的正向机制和逆向机制,提出了服务创新的一般化理论。这为服务的创新发展提供了理论和实践支撑。随后,分析了支撑现代服务业发展的基础性产业物流业与制造业的协同联动机制问题,并运用服务模式创新的逆向机制原理,构建了物流业与制造业协同联动的服务模式创新的研究框架。根据物流服务交易的现实需求,通过技术融合与制度变迁,设计了智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台的技术体系架构,构建了基于智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台的协同联动机制,为解决我国当前物流服务市场发展存在的供给不足和需求不足问题以及实现供需双方的有效协同提供了可行方案。最后,构建了物流服务系统的系统动力学模型,分别分析了在物流服务同质的区域封闭市场、物流服务异质的区域封闭市场和基于智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台的物流市场的演进效率,仿真模拟的结果表明基于云服务平台的新型服务模式对实现物流业与制造业的有效协同联动,推动物流业发展具有积极的促进作用,相比区域市场演进的稳定状态效率得以明显提高。这充分证明了服务模式创新模型的实践可行性、可靠性和高效性。
本文按照研究流程分为六章,各章的内容安排如下：
第一章导论。本章介绍问题提出的理论与实践背景,研究的理论与实践意义,提出本研究的主要内容、文献综述、论文研究思路、研究方法、技术路线设计及主要创新点。
第二章服务模式创新的机理研究。本章内容首先界定了服务和服务模式概念,结合实例分析了服务发展的层次以及服务模式创新的本质,明确了服务模式创新的内涵；进而在服务模式创新动因分析基础上,界定了服务模式创新的组成要素,依据要素之间的相互作用机制分析了服务模式创新的机理过程,构建了服务模式创新的正向机制和逆向机制,建立了服务模式创新的理论和实践分析框架。最后,在服务模式创新的实施策略中,辨析了服务产品化和产品服务化的概念,明确指出服务模式创新的本质就是建立服务产品化和产品服务化相互转化的机制,并基于价值链对服务模式创新策略进行了详细分析。
第三章物流业与制造业协同联动服务模式创新研究。本章首先分析了物流业与制造业协同联动的必要性,构建了协同层次的分析框架,对物流业与制造业协同的层次进行了界定；进而通过对利益相关方协同分析框架的研究及物流业与制造业协同联动过程中存在问题的分析,构建了物流业与制造业协同联动的利益相关方协同关系架构,分析了各相关方的需求及相应的解决方法。最后基于服务模式创新的逆向机制构建了物流业与制造业协同联动的新型服务模式,即智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台；并论述了智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台满足物流服务系统中各利益相关方需求的主要功能体系。
第四章物流业与制造业协同联动服务模式技术实现方案研究。本章以智能感知和云服务为核心技术手段,在物流服务管理基本功能实现的基础上构建云服务平台的总体架构,设计基于融合业务技术的第三方物流P云平台、基于分布式计算的第三方物流S云平台的体系架构和技术实现手段,并给出物流全程可视化技术体系和一体化智能终端的设计方案,为物流业与制造业协同联动服务模式的实现提供了完整的技术方案。
第五章新型服务模式下物流业与制造业协同演进与效率研究。通过对物流业与制造业协同联动的现有市场环境和新型服务模式下的行为分析,构建两业协同联动的演进模型,分析比较在同质化和异质化条件下现有市场模式的演进效率和基于智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台模式的演进效率之间的优劣,从而验证了本论文提出的基于服务模式创新建立的物流业与制造业协同联动机制的高效性。
第六章总结与展望。
本论文研究的特色和创新点来自于对关键问题的解决,主要体现在以下三个方面：
(1)建立了服务模式创新的理论模型,为服务创新研究提供了理论依据和实践方法。本文从服务模式创新的视角,分析了服务模式创新的基本组成要素以及各要素之间的相互作用关系,构建了基于技术进步驱动的服务模式创新的正向机制和基于现实需求驱动的服务模式创新的逆向机制,从根本上理清了服务创新与服务模式创新的理论和实践应用思路,弥补了现有服务经济理论研究的缺陷和不足,完善了服务发展的理论体系。这是本论文研究的主要理论创新点。
(2)运用服务模式创新理论模型分析了物流业与制造业协同联动问题的过程和机理,构建了物流业与制造业协同联动发展的服务模式创新模型。物流业与制造业协同联动发展需要双方都具备快速响应的能力水平。但在当前市场环境下,物流服务的供给和需求之间存在着很大的矛盾,两类企业在相互协同上都有缺陷和不足,在现代信息技术没有得到应用和推广的前提下,很难实现有效的协同,满足经济发展的需要。本论文通过服务模式创新,构建了基于智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台的物流业与制造业协同联动机制,提升了物流业与制造企业之间的协同效率和效果,能够全面推动物流服务水平和服务质量的提高,并提升制造业市场反应能力和核心竞争力。这是本论文在理论应用方面的主要创新点。
(3)构建智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台体系架构,实现服务模式创新成果。该平台作为新型服务模式的实践应用模型,需要借助于现代信息技术、物流运输技术、仓储技术和产品生产技术等多种技术的融合应用,重点是智能感知技术和“云计算”技术的融合应用。要构建一个全程可视化的物流运作体系,打造可信的物流服务,必须构建一个完善的平台架构,以满足不同市场参与者的需求。本论文的智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台体系架构全面整合了物流服务的全程业务,通过智能感知实现了物流服务全程可视化管理,通过云计算技术实现了物流业务的柔性管理,打造一个一站式服务管理平台,这在当前平台开发应用方面是一项开创性的工作。
Since the beginning of the21st century, the diversification of natural resource constraints and the needs of the community to promote social and economic transformation gradually shifted from a product economy to a service economy mode. Development of service economy is reflected on the one hand for the development of modern service industry, on the other hand for traditional manufacturing to service-oriented. The two main problems appear in the process of development of the service economy; first one how to make the service innovation (the development of modern service industry); the other is how to achieve the effective synergistic interaction between the various industries under the background of the Social division of refinement. Many scholars research for the solutions to these problems and make a series of results, but they are still lack of full understanding on the common of service supply, Inherent link between service and synergism and how to create a generalized service innovation theory. The development of service economy will inevitably lead to further refinement of the social division of labor, thereby creating a greater demand for synergism. A new service model can meet the need for synergism. The research based on this problem. First, Clear service model as the concept of service delivery mechanisms and forward the mechanism and reverse mechanism of the service model innovation, proposed a generalized theory of service innovation. This provides a theoretical and practical support for innovation and development of the service. Second, analyze the synergistic mechanism of logistics and manufacturing, built the research framework of the logistics and manufacturing synergism and designed the Intelli Sense Third-party Logistics (TPL) Cloud Service Platform according to the practical needs of the logistics service transactions through technology integration and institutional change. The research provides the solution to the insufficient supply and demand of logistics services market and to achieve the effective synergism of supply and demand sides. Finally, the research builds a system dynamics model of the logistics service system. The simulation results show that the effective synergism of the logistics and manufacturing based on the IntelliSense TPL Cloud Services Platform can promote the development of the logistics industry, compared with the steady state efficiency of the regional market evolution and fully proved the practical feasibility, reliability and efficiency of innovative models of service delivery model.
This thesis is divided into six chapters according to the research process and each chapter is organized as follows:
Chapter Ⅰ Introduction. This chapter describes the background of the problem, puts forward the theoretical and practical significance of the study, literature review, thesis research ideas, research methods, technical route design and innovation.
Chapter Ⅱ study on service model innovation mechanism. This chapter defines the concept of services and service models, and clears the meaning of service model innovation with the examples. And then in the service model innovation motivation based on the analysis to define the elements of the service model innovation. This chapter clearly pointed out that the nature of the service model innovation is the establishment of service products and of products and services into each other mechanisms, and innovative strategies based on the value chain, service delivery model analyzed in detail.
Chapter Ⅲ study on the innovation of logistics and manufacturing synergistic service model. This chapter first analyzes the necessity for the logistics and the manufacturing synergistic interaction and then builds a synergistic framework to define the level of logistics and manufacturing synergies, analyzing the needs of all stakeholders and the corresponding solution. Finally build a new logistics and manufacturing sectors of synergistic interaction service model and discussed the IntelliSense third-party logistics cloud service platform to meet the needs of all stakeholders in the logistics service system.
Chapter IV study on the technical implementation of logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction. This chapter establishes the framework of cloud services platform built on the basis of the basic functions of the logistics service management, using IntelliSense and cloud services as the core technology means. Finally Offers a complete technical solutions for the logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction.
Chapter V study on the service mode of logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction evolution and efficiency of the new service mode. According to the behavior analysis under the existing market environment and new service model, to build a synergistic interaction of two industry and evolutes of efficiency of the existing market model to compare homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. Finally verified the efficiency of the logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction.
Chapter VI Summary and Outlook. In this thesis, the characteristics and innovation are come from the solution of key issues, mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
First, established a theoretical model of the service model innovation and provided theoretical and practical support to the research. From the perspective of service model innovation to analyze the interaction between the basic elements of the service model innovation as well as elements. From the fundamental theory and practical application of ideas to sort out the service innovation and service model innovation and compensate for the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing services economic theory. This is the main theoretical innovation of this thesis.
Second, using service model innovation theoretical model to analyze the process and principles of logistics and the manufacturing synergistic interaction. The synergistic development of Logistics and manufacturing need the ability to respond quickly on both sides. But in the current market environment there are a lot of contradictions between supply and demand of logistics services. Both sides have the defects and deficiencies. Modern information technology has not been the premise of the application and promotion; it is difficult to achieve effective collaboration, to meet the needs of economic development. Through service model innovation, this thesis is able to promote the improvement of logistics service level and quality of service and improve response capability and core competitiveness of the manufacturing market. This is the main innovation of this thesis in theoretical applications.
Third, building the IntelliSense third-party logistics cloud services platform architecture and achieving the service mode innovation theory. The platform needs the help of modern information technology, logistics and transport technology, storage technology and production technology, integration of multiple technologies applications, the focus is the application of intelligent sensing technology and the integration of "cloud computing" technology. In this thesis, the IntelliSense third-party logistics cloud service platform architecture fully integrated logistics services throughout the business by IntelliSense to achieve full visual management of logistics services, through cloud computing technology to achieve a flexible management of the logistics business, and create a one-stop service management platform, which in the current platform for the development and application of a pioneering work.
本文按照研究流程分为六章,各章的内容安排如下：
第一章导论。本章介绍问题提出的理论与实践背景,研究的理论与实践意义,提出本研究的主要内容、文献综述、论文研究思路、研究方法、技术路线设计及主要创新点。
第二章服务模式创新的机理研究。本章内容首先界定了服务和服务模式概念,结合实例分析了服务发展的层次以及服务模式创新的本质,明确了服务模式创新的内涵；进而在服务模式创新动因分析基础上,界定了服务模式创新的组成要素,依据要素之间的相互作用机制分析了服务模式创新的机理过程,构建了服务模式创新的正向机制和逆向机制,建立了服务模式创新的理论和实践分析框架。最后,在服务模式创新的实施策略中,辨析了服务产品化和产品服务化的概念,明确指出服务模式创新的本质就是建立服务产品化和产品服务化相互转化的机制,并基于价值链对服务模式创新策略进行了详细分析。
第三章物流业与制造业协同联动服务模式创新研究。本章首先分析了物流业与制造业协同联动的必要性,构建了协同层次的分析框架,对物流业与制造业协同的层次进行了界定；进而通过对利益相关方协同分析框架的研究及物流业与制造业协同联动过程中存在问题的分析,构建了物流业与制造业协同联动的利益相关方协同关系架构,分析了各相关方的需求及相应的解决方法。最后基于服务模式创新的逆向机制构建了物流业与制造业协同联动的新型服务模式,即智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台；并论述了智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台满足物流服务系统中各利益相关方需求的主要功能体系。
第四章物流业与制造业协同联动服务模式技术实现方案研究。本章以智能感知和云服务为核心技术手段,在物流服务管理基本功能实现的基础上构建云服务平台的总体架构,设计基于融合业务技术的第三方物流P云平台、基于分布式计算的第三方物流S云平台的体系架构和技术实现手段,并给出物流全程可视化技术体系和一体化智能终端的设计方案,为物流业与制造业协同联动服务模式的实现提供了完整的技术方案。
第五章新型服务模式下物流业与制造业协同演进与效率研究。通过对物流业与制造业协同联动的现有市场环境和新型服务模式下的行为分析,构建两业协同联动的演进模型,分析比较在同质化和异质化条件下现有市场模式的演进效率和基于智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台模式的演进效率之间的优劣,从而验证了本论文提出的基于服务模式创新建立的物流业与制造业协同联动机制的高效性。
第六章总结与展望。
本论文研究的特色和创新点来自于对关键问题的解决,主要体现在以下三个方面：
(1)建立了服务模式创新的理论模型,为服务创新研究提供了理论依据和实践方法。本文从服务模式创新的视角,分析了服务模式创新的基本组成要素以及各要素之间的相互作用关系,构建了基于技术进步驱动的服务模式创新的正向机制和基于现实需求驱动的服务模式创新的逆向机制,从根本上理清了服务创新与服务模式创新的理论和实践应用思路,弥补了现有服务经济理论研究的缺陷和不足,完善了服务发展的理论体系。这是本论文研究的主要理论创新点。
(2)运用服务模式创新理论模型分析了物流业与制造业协同联动问题的过程和机理,构建了物流业与制造业协同联动发展的服务模式创新模型。物流业与制造业协同联动发展需要双方都具备快速响应的能力水平。但在当前市场环境下,物流服务的供给和需求之间存在着很大的矛盾,两类企业在相互协同上都有缺陷和不足,在现代信息技术没有得到应用和推广的前提下,很难实现有效的协同,满足经济发展的需要。本论文通过服务模式创新,构建了基于智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台的物流业与制造业协同联动机制,提升了物流业与制造企业之间的协同效率和效果,能够全面推动物流服务水平和服务质量的提高,并提升制造业市场反应能力和核心竞争力。这是本论文在理论应用方面的主要创新点。
(3)构建智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台体系架构,实现服务模式创新成果。该平台作为新型服务模式的实践应用模型,需要借助于现代信息技术、物流运输技术、仓储技术和产品生产技术等多种技术的融合应用,重点是智能感知技术和“云计算”技术的融合应用。要构建一个全程可视化的物流运作体系,打造可信的物流服务,必须构建一个完善的平台架构,以满足不同市场参与者的需求。本论文的智能感知的第三方物流云服务平台体系架构全面整合了物流服务的全程业务,通过智能感知实现了物流服务全程可视化管理,通过云计算技术实现了物流业务的柔性管理,打造一个一站式服务管理平台,这在当前平台开发应用方面是一项开创性的工作。
Since the beginning of the21st century, the diversification of natural resource constraints and the needs of the community to promote social and economic transformation gradually shifted from a product economy to a service economy mode. Development of service economy is reflected on the one hand for the development of modern service industry, on the other hand for traditional manufacturing to service-oriented. The two main problems appear in the process of development of the service economy; first one how to make the service innovation (the development of modern service industry); the other is how to achieve the effective synergistic interaction between the various industries under the background of the Social division of refinement. Many scholars research for the solutions to these problems and make a series of results, but they are still lack of full understanding on the common of service supply, Inherent link between service and synergism and how to create a generalized service innovation theory. The development of service economy will inevitably lead to further refinement of the social division of labor, thereby creating a greater demand for synergism. A new service model can meet the need for synergism. The research based on this problem. First, Clear service model as the concept of service delivery mechanisms and forward the mechanism and reverse mechanism of the service model innovation, proposed a generalized theory of service innovation. This provides a theoretical and practical support for innovation and development of the service. Second, analyze the synergistic mechanism of logistics and manufacturing, built the research framework of the logistics and manufacturing synergism and designed the Intelli Sense Third-party Logistics (TPL) Cloud Service Platform according to the practical needs of the logistics service transactions through technology integration and institutional change. The research provides the solution to the insufficient supply and demand of logistics services market and to achieve the effective synergism of supply and demand sides. Finally, the research builds a system dynamics model of the logistics service system. The simulation results show that the effective synergism of the logistics and manufacturing based on the IntelliSense TPL Cloud Services Platform can promote the development of the logistics industry, compared with the steady state efficiency of the regional market evolution and fully proved the practical feasibility, reliability and efficiency of innovative models of service delivery model.
This thesis is divided into six chapters according to the research process and each chapter is organized as follows:
Chapter Ⅰ Introduction. This chapter describes the background of the problem, puts forward the theoretical and practical significance of the study, literature review, thesis research ideas, research methods, technical route design and innovation.
Chapter Ⅱ study on service model innovation mechanism. This chapter defines the concept of services and service models, and clears the meaning of service model innovation with the examples. And then in the service model innovation motivation based on the analysis to define the elements of the service model innovation. This chapter clearly pointed out that the nature of the service model innovation is the establishment of service products and of products and services into each other mechanisms, and innovative strategies based on the value chain, service delivery model analyzed in detail.
Chapter Ⅲ study on the innovation of logistics and manufacturing synergistic service model. This chapter first analyzes the necessity for the logistics and the manufacturing synergistic interaction and then builds a synergistic framework to define the level of logistics and manufacturing synergies, analyzing the needs of all stakeholders and the corresponding solution. Finally build a new logistics and manufacturing sectors of synergistic interaction service model and discussed the IntelliSense third-party logistics cloud service platform to meet the needs of all stakeholders in the logistics service system.
Chapter IV study on the technical implementation of logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction. This chapter establishes the framework of cloud services platform built on the basis of the basic functions of the logistics service management, using IntelliSense and cloud services as the core technology means. Finally Offers a complete technical solutions for the logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction.
Chapter V study on the service mode of logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction evolution and efficiency of the new service mode. According to the behavior analysis under the existing market environment and new service model, to build a synergistic interaction of two industry and evolutes of efficiency of the existing market model to compare homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. Finally verified the efficiency of the logistics and manufacturing synergistic interaction.
Chapter VI Summary and Outlook. In this thesis, the characteristics and innovation are come from the solution of key issues, mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
First, established a theoretical model of the service model innovation and provided theoretical and practical support to the research. From the perspective of service model innovation to analyze the interaction between the basic elements of the service model innovation as well as elements. From the fundamental theory and practical application of ideas to sort out the service innovation and service model innovation and compensate for the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing services economic theory. This is the main theoretical innovation of this thesis.
Second, using service model innovation theoretical model to analyze the process and principles of logistics and the manufacturing synergistic interaction. The synergistic development of Logistics and manufacturing need the ability to respond quickly on both sides. But in the current market environment there are a lot of contradictions between supply and demand of logistics services. Both sides have the defects and deficiencies. Modern information technology has not been the premise of the application and promotion; it is difficult to achieve effective collaboration, to meet the needs of economic development. Through service model innovation, this thesis is able to promote the improvement of logistics service level and quality of service and improve response capability and core competitiveness of the manufacturing market. This is the main innovation of this thesis in theoretical applications.
Third, building the IntelliSense third-party logistics cloud services platform architecture and achieving the service mode innovation theory. The platform needs the help of modern information technology, logistics and transport technology, storage technology and production technology, integration of multiple technologies applications, the focus is the application of intelligent sensing technology and the integration of "cloud computing" technology. In this thesis, the IntelliSense third-party logistics cloud service platform architecture fully integrated logistics services throughout the business by IntelliSense to achieve full visual management of logistics services, through cloud computing technology to achieve a flexible management of the logistics business, and create a one-stop service management platform, which in the current platform for the development and application of a pioneering work.
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