基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络节点设计及其在远程健康监护中的应用
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摘要
本文是以无线传感器网络为研究背景,介绍了一种基于ZigBee技术的无线传感器网络系统。论文阐述了笔者结合远程健康监护的应用课题,设计无线节点并且实现该系统的应用研究成果。首先介绍了远程健康监护的研究背景、无线传感器网络的现状和ZigBee的概念,接着对ZigBee技术与业内其他无线传输标准进行了比较,然后在此基础上设计了利用ZigBee技术的无线传感器网络的可行性试验系统,并对该系统的硬件平台即网络节点的设计与实现作了详细论述。该试验系统目前可以实现基本的远程健康监护功能,如对四大体征参数之一的人体脉搏监护。
The research of the wireless sensor network is a hot area. It has the widespread prospect in environment monitoring, military, medical industry, family intelligence monitoring and other commercial domains. The wireless sensor network has many characters, such as thick density of the sensor nodes, the frequent changing of the network analysis, the power, computation ability and the data limited storage ability of the nodes and so on. But the energy consumes is the main problem to embarrass its spreading.
With the wireless communication developing constantly, facing to the low cost equipment, Zigbee technology appeared in recent years. It is a bidirectional wireless communication technology which is less distance, lower complex, lower power loss, lower data rate and lower cost. It mainly used in the areas of automatic controls, the long-distance control domain and the home use equipment network. The Zigbee technology and the wireless sensor network technology can be united to provide the better solution for the healthy guardianship, the safety system, the building automation and so on.
With this researching background, this paper introduced the design of a wireless sensor network system based on the ZigBee technology. United with the subject of remote health guardianship, it elaborated the result of the designing of the wireless nodes.
Firstly, the paper introduced the present situation of the wireless sensor network, the concept of ZigBee and the research background of remote healthy guardianship. The data gathering using by the wireless network is attracted by the world with the sensor technology getting more and more mature. The wireless sensor network is made by lots of sensors nodes which is organized automatically based the wireless communication technology. Although the blue tooth, Ad hoc and other methods are the hot topics in the area, Zigbee (IEEE802.15.4) is the most competitive WSN network protocol at present. It is mainly established by the IEEE 802.15.4 groups and the ZigBee Alliance organization including the hardware and
The research of the wireless sensor network is a hot area. It has the widespread prospect in environment monitoring, military, medical industry, family intelligence monitoring and other commercial domains. The wireless sensor network has many characters, such as thick density of the sensor nodes, the frequent changing of the network analysis, the power, computation ability and the data limited storage ability of the nodes and so on. But the energy consumes is the main problem to embarrass its spreading.
With the wireless communication developing constantly, facing to the low cost equipment, Zigbee technology appeared in recent years. It is a bidirectional wireless communication technology which is less distance, lower complex, lower power loss, lower data rate and lower cost. It mainly used in the areas of automatic controls, the long-distance control domain and the home use equipment network. The Zigbee technology and the wireless sensor network technology can be united to provide the better solution for the healthy guardianship, the safety system, the building automation and so on.
With this researching background, this paper introduced the design of a wireless sensor network system based on the ZigBee technology. United with the subject of remote health guardianship, it elaborated the result of the designing of the wireless nodes.
Firstly, the paper introduced the present situation of the wireless sensor network, the concept of ZigBee and the research background of remote healthy guardianship. The data gathering using by the wireless network is attracted by the world with the sensor technology getting more and more mature. The wireless sensor network is made by lots of sensors nodes which is organized automatically based the wireless communication technology. Although the blue tooth, Ad hoc and other methods are the hot topics in the area, Zigbee (IEEE802.15.4) is the most competitive WSN network protocol at present. It is mainly established by the IEEE 802.15.4 groups and the ZigBee Alliance organization including the hardware and
引文
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[2] Akyildiz,I.F. Wireless sensor networks: a survey Computer Networks.2002,38(9):393-422.
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[15] Alan Mainwaring, David Culler, Joseph Polastre, Robert Szewczyk, John Anderson .Wireless Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring. Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications . 2002,9:23-27.
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[17] Loren Schwiebert, Sandeep K. S. Gupta, and Jennifer Weinmann. Research challenges in wireless networks of biomedical sensors. In Mobile Computing and Networking. 2001: 151-165.
[18] Korhonen, J.Parkka and M.Van GILS. Health monitoring in the home of the future. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 2003,5: 66-73.
[19] S. Meyer and A. Rakotonirainy. A Survey of Research on Context-Aware Homes.Workshop on Wearable, Invisible, Context-Aware, Ambient, Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, Adelaide, Astralia. 2003:10-18.
[20] N. Knaian. A wireless sensor network for smart roadbeds and intelligenttransportation systems. MSc thesis. 2000:12-15.
[23] 任丰原,黄海宁,林闯. 无线传感器网络. 软件学报. 2003,7:33-35.
[24] 崔莉,鞠海玲等.无线传感器网络研究进展. 计算机研究与发展.2005,42(1):163-174.
[2] Akyildiz,I.F. Wireless sensor networks: a survey Computer Networks.2002,38(9):393-422.
[3] Egan D. The emergence of Zigbee in building automation and industrial control. Computing & Control Engineering Journal, 2004,16:22-27.
[4] Warneke B, Last M, Liebowitz B, Pister KSJ. Smart dust: Communicating with a cubic-millimeter computer. IEEE Computer Magazine. 2001,34:44-51.
[5] Chipcon AS.CC2420 Preliminary Datasheet.2O04:1-5.
[6] Vieira, M.A.M.; Coelho, C.N., Jr.; da Silva, D.C., Jr.; da Mata, J.M.; Survey on wireless sensor network devices. Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation. 2003,1:537 - 544 .
[7] S. Tilak, N.B. Abu-Ghazaleh, and W. Heinzelman. Infrastructure Tradeoff for Sensor Networks. 2002:15-19.
[8] Akyildiz, I.F.; Weilian Su; Sankarasubramaniam, Y.; Cayirci, E.; A survey on sensor networks. Communications Magazine. 2002,40(8):102-114.
[9] Hedetniemi S, Liestman A. A survey of gossiping and broadcasting in communication networks. Networks. 1988,18:319-349.
[10] W. R. Heinzelman, J. Kulik, and H. Balakrishnan. Adaptive Protocols for Information Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks. 1999:174–85.
[11] C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, D. Estrin. Directed Diffusion:A Scalable and Robust Communication Paradigm for Sensor Networks. ACM MobiCOM. 2000:22-28.
[12] W.Heinzelman, A.Chandrakasan, H.Balakrishnan. Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless sensor networks. the Proceeding of the Hawaii International Conference System Sciences. 2000:31-35.
[13] A. Manjeshwar and D.P. Agrawal. a Routing Protocol for enhanced efficiency In wireless sensor networks Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium. Proceedings 15th International.2001,4: 23-27.
[14] Tarik Arici , Yucel Altunbasak. Adaptive Sensing for Environment Monitoring using Wireless Sensor Networks.IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). 2004,3:11-15.
[15] Alan Mainwaring, David Culler, Joseph Polastre, Robert Szewczyk, John Anderson .Wireless Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring. Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications . 2002,9:23-27.
[16] K.A.Delin and S.P.Jackson. A new instrument comcept. SPIE’s Symposium on Integrated Optics. 2001:20-26.
[17] Loren Schwiebert, Sandeep K. S. Gupta, and Jennifer Weinmann. Research challenges in wireless networks of biomedical sensors. In Mobile Computing and Networking. 2001: 151-165.
[18] Korhonen, J.Parkka and M.Van GILS. Health monitoring in the home of the future. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 2003,5: 66-73.
[19] S. Meyer and A. Rakotonirainy. A Survey of Research on Context-Aware Homes.Workshop on Wearable, Invisible, Context-Aware, Ambient, Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, Adelaide, Astralia. 2003:10-18.
[20] N. Knaian. A wireless sensor network for smart roadbeds and intelligenttransportation systems. MSc thesis. 2000:12-15.
[23] 任丰原,黄海宁,林闯. 无线传感器网络. 软件学报. 2003,7:33-35.
[24] 崔莉,鞠海玲等.无线传感器网络研究进展. 计算机研究与发展.2005,42(1):163-174.