远程医疗会诊系统中通讯模块的研究与开发
|
摘要
迅速发展的信息和通信技术作为科技服务的先进手段，将极大地促进全球卫生事业的发展，信息技术、网络通信为卫生领域提供服务已成为必然，远程医疗系统就是极为有力的工具之一。
本课题是2000年度科技型中小企业技术创新基金资助项目，此项目题目为“GD-1型远程医疗及远程会诊系统”，由成都电子科大金盘多媒体有限公司承接，电子科技大学生命科学与技术学院合作。
远程医疗根据系统和技术要求大致可以为两类：实时的和非实时的。一种理想的远程医疗系统当然是同时具备两种模式。本课题研究的“GD-1型远程医疗多媒体系统”主要根据中国的基本国情，特别是广大西部地区目前的网络状况，利用已有的传统电话网络(PSTN)，开发出采用两种简单易用传输模式的非实时会诊系统；同时在网络基础建设迅速发展的今天，我们也顺应潮流，在系统中加入适合于宽带IP网络的实时远程会诊系统。
根据我们对国内网络现状的分析，在现阶段的远程医疗网络通讯应以非实时通讯技术为主，本系统中非实时通讯采用了两种模式：邮件传输模式和点对点传输模式。邮件传输模式技术上类似于电子邮件的批量处理，软件上通过开发工具的专用控件即可完成；点对点传输模式用户终端与专家在传输两端是对等的，本系统通过MODEM和公共电话网(PSTN)，利用ZMODEM文件传输协议进行串口通讯，可以完成双方在较短时间内的会诊数据通讯。
医疗会诊系统具有自身的特点，如图像质量要求高、对病人信息重视程度高于医生信息等，因此实时医疗会诊系统的开发也应具有自身的特点，而不仅仅单纯借用视频会议系统的框架，而应有所改变。
网络组播（Multicast）技术具有可以降低发送。接收者以及网络的开销等优越
性，由于组播技术的特点与医疗会诊系统较为吻合，为此，本系统的实时会诊
子系统是基于组播技术开发的，系统具有自由参加与离开会诊、同时控制医生
和病人传输信息。良好的可扩展性及模拟会诊现场等特点。同时考虑到IP网络
实时性的特点，在应用层数据包设计时，加入RTP、RTCP的数据包控制，使。
传输质量更佳。根据对会诊数据的仔细分析，系统将病人诊断信息和医生会诊
信息分别传输，在有限带宽的网络下，既可提高诊断信息的质量，又可将会诊’
需要的基本信息进行传递。
As aft advanced tool for the science and technological service, the fast developing information and communication technology will greatly facilitate the development of the global hygiene project. The service of IT and network communication in the hygiene area is a necessity, in which the telemedical system will be deployed as a powerful tool.
The project in this paper is funded by the large-and-small-scale enterprise technological innovation foundation of sci-tech type-" PGD-1 telemedical and teleconsultation system", which is undertaken by Gold Disc Multimedia co. ltd, UESTC, Chengdu, cooperating with the School of Life Science and Technology, UESTC.
Telemedical systems can be generalized into two modes according to the demanding of the system and technology type: RT(real-time) and non-RT. An ideal telemedical system should possess the two modes simultaneously. On the ground of the basic situation of China, especially the network condition, utilizing the extant traditional public telephone network, the " PGD-1 telemedical and teleconsultation system" explored in our project has developed the non-RT consultation system out of two simple and user-friendly transmission modes. At the same time, nowadays see a fast development of network infrastructure. Thus we have embedded the RT tele-consultation module for the broad-band IP network.
According to the analysis for the domestic network situation that the non-RT telecommunication is the main mode adopted in the telemedical network communication, in this system two kinds of technologies have been employed in the non-RT communication: the mail transmission mode and the peer-to-peer transmission mode. In the mail transmission mode, the technology part is treated as the batch processing of the e-mails and the software is accomplished by the specialized control part in the developing tools. In the peer-to-peer transmission
in
mode, the user end and the expert end is equal to each other with the utility of MODEM and PSTN. In this system, the ZMODEM ftp is utilized to accomplish the serial communication, which can provide the consultation data communication in comparatively short time.
The medical consultation system possesses its own characteristics such as the high quality image demanding, the more emphasis of the patient information than that of the doctor, so the R&D of the RT medical consultation system should have its own features but not completely borrow the frame of the video conference system.
Multicast technology enjoys the advantages of reducing the cost of the transmitter, the receiver and the network. Since the characteristics of the multicast are coincide with the medical consultation system, the RT consultation sub-system of this system is developed based on the multicast technology, which owns the features of free participation and quit, the simultaneous control of the information from the doctors and patients, good expansibility and on-the-spot simulation etc. Considering the real time transmission of IP network, the accession of the RTP, RTCP data packet control in the design of the application layer data packet is employed to achieve the better transmission quality. On the basis of the thorough analysis of the consultation dada, the system transmit the diagnostic information of the patients and the consultation information of the doctors separately to improve the quality of the diagnostic information as well as guarantee the transmission of the necessary consultation information.
本课题是2000年度科技型中小企业技术创新基金资助项目，此项目题目为“GD-1型远程医疗及远程会诊系统”，由成都电子科大金盘多媒体有限公司承接，电子科技大学生命科学与技术学院合作。
远程医疗根据系统和技术要求大致可以为两类：实时的和非实时的。一种理想的远程医疗系统当然是同时具备两种模式。本课题研究的“GD-1型远程医疗多媒体系统”主要根据中国的基本国情，特别是广大西部地区目前的网络状况，利用已有的传统电话网络(PSTN)，开发出采用两种简单易用传输模式的非实时会诊系统；同时在网络基础建设迅速发展的今天，我们也顺应潮流，在系统中加入适合于宽带IP网络的实时远程会诊系统。
根据我们对国内网络现状的分析，在现阶段的远程医疗网络通讯应以非实时通讯技术为主，本系统中非实时通讯采用了两种模式：邮件传输模式和点对点传输模式。邮件传输模式技术上类似于电子邮件的批量处理，软件上通过开发工具的专用控件即可完成；点对点传输模式用户终端与专家在传输两端是对等的，本系统通过MODEM和公共电话网(PSTN)，利用ZMODEM文件传输协议进行串口通讯，可以完成双方在较短时间内的会诊数据通讯。
医疗会诊系统具有自身的特点，如图像质量要求高、对病人信息重视程度高于医生信息等，因此实时医疗会诊系统的开发也应具有自身的特点，而不仅仅单纯借用视频会议系统的框架，而应有所改变。
网络组播（Multicast）技术具有可以降低发送。接收者以及网络的开销等优越
性，由于组播技术的特点与医疗会诊系统较为吻合，为此，本系统的实时会诊
子系统是基于组播技术开发的，系统具有自由参加与离开会诊、同时控制医生
和病人传输信息。良好的可扩展性及模拟会诊现场等特点。同时考虑到IP网络
实时性的特点，在应用层数据包设计时，加入RTP、RTCP的数据包控制，使。
传输质量更佳。根据对会诊数据的仔细分析，系统将病人诊断信息和医生会诊
信息分别传输，在有限带宽的网络下，既可提高诊断信息的质量，又可将会诊’
需要的基本信息进行传递。
As aft advanced tool for the science and technological service, the fast developing information and communication technology will greatly facilitate the development of the global hygiene project. The service of IT and network communication in the hygiene area is a necessity, in which the telemedical system will be deployed as a powerful tool.
The project in this paper is funded by the large-and-small-scale enterprise technological innovation foundation of sci-tech type-" PGD-1 telemedical and teleconsultation system", which is undertaken by Gold Disc Multimedia co. ltd, UESTC, Chengdu, cooperating with the School of Life Science and Technology, UESTC.
Telemedical systems can be generalized into two modes according to the demanding of the system and technology type: RT(real-time) and non-RT. An ideal telemedical system should possess the two modes simultaneously. On the ground of the basic situation of China, especially the network condition, utilizing the extant traditional public telephone network, the " PGD-1 telemedical and teleconsultation system" explored in our project has developed the non-RT consultation system out of two simple and user-friendly transmission modes. At the same time, nowadays see a fast development of network infrastructure. Thus we have embedded the RT tele-consultation module for the broad-band IP network.
According to the analysis for the domestic network situation that the non-RT telecommunication is the main mode adopted in the telemedical network communication, in this system two kinds of technologies have been employed in the non-RT communication: the mail transmission mode and the peer-to-peer transmission mode. In the mail transmission mode, the technology part is treated as the batch processing of the e-mails and the software is accomplished by the specialized control part in the developing tools. In the peer-to-peer transmission
in
mode, the user end and the expert end is equal to each other with the utility of MODEM and PSTN. In this system, the ZMODEM ftp is utilized to accomplish the serial communication, which can provide the consultation data communication in comparatively short time.
The medical consultation system possesses its own characteristics such as the high quality image demanding, the more emphasis of the patient information than that of the doctor, so the R&D of the RT medical consultation system should have its own features but not completely borrow the frame of the video conference system.
Multicast technology enjoys the advantages of reducing the cost of the transmitter, the receiver and the network. Since the characteristics of the multicast are coincide with the medical consultation system, the RT consultation sub-system of this system is developed based on the multicast technology, which owns the features of free participation and quit, the simultaneous control of the information from the doctors and patients, good expansibility and on-the-spot simulation etc. Considering the real time transmission of IP network, the accession of the RTP, RTCP data packet control in the design of the application layer data packet is employed to achieve the better transmission quality. On the basis of the thorough analysis of the consultation dada, the system transmit the diagnostic information of the patients and the consultation information of the doctors separately to improve the quality of the diagnostic information as well as guarantee the transmission of the necessary consultation information.
引文
1、Rolf Stadler, Cristinna Aurrecoechea. Building Manageable Multimedia Network Services, J. Network and System managerment, Vol 8, No 1,2000
2、KuPao Fan, Chuan Ta King, Turn Grouping for multicast in Wormhole-Routed Mesh Networks Supporting the Turn, J of Supercomputer, 16,237-260,2000
3、Rhonda G Vought, R Kevin Grogsby el. Telepsychiatry: Addressing Mental Health Needs in Georgia, Community Mental Health Journal, Vol 36, No 5 ,2000
4、W Dean Bidgood, Clinical importance of the DICOM structured reporting standard, International Journal of Cardiac Imaging, Vol 14,307-315,1998
5、M W Whybray, D G Morrison, Video coding—techniques, standards and applications, BT Technol J. Vol 15, No4,1997
6、Wolf L C, et al. Multimedia and communication on IEEE, 1997,85(1)
7、Franken EA. Telemedicine and Teleradiaology:a tale of two cultures. Telemedicine Journal. 1995;1(1):7
8、Dadkins DR. Telemedicine and Telehealth Networks 1996;2(5):18-19
9、H Schulzrinne, S Casner, R Frederick, V Jacobson(1996).RTP:A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications. Request for comment 1889, ftp://mic.ddn.cmil/rfc/rfc1889.txt
10、C Zhu(1997).RTP Payload Format for H. 263 Video Streams. Request for comment 2190, ftp://mic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc2190.txt
11、Deer(1989).Host Extensions for IP Multieasting. Request for comment 1112, ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc1112.txt
12、李明禄．远程医学系统一般模型及其设计与实现问题．计算机工程，1997，特刊：172
13、朱康辛．远程医疗系统结构模型研究．计算机工程，1997，特刊：126-128
14、李凌，张开诚，等．一种新的远程医疗系统．中国医疗器械杂志，2000，24(5)，260-263
15、钮焱，张颖江．基于WINSOCK的IP组播网络研究及应用．湖北工学院学报，2000，15(2)：28-30
16、王兴伟，张应辉．分布式多媒体系统中的多点播送与组通信机制．计算机工程与设计，1998，19(5)：36-42
17、朱利，郑志军，基于IP的音频通信系统设计．西安建筑科技大学学报，2000，32(2)：196-202
18、何刚，吴志美．IP组播与INTERNET上的视频广播，计算机研究与发展，1999．36(10)：1226-1231
19、董庆阳．IP组播技术，数据通信，1998，3：18-21
20、陆风，郁梅．视频会议系统及应用，数据通信，2000，1：9-11
21、杭小树，郑亚钟．IP网络上的分布式多媒体系统的实现与模型，2000，5：156-159
22、朱康辛，李珂．基于IP多播的视频监控系统．通信技术，2000，109(2)：17-20
23、史小宏，程崇虎．基于Internet的多媒体桌面会议系统．海南大学学报自然科学版，1998，16(4)：305-310
24、姜海东，赵帅锋．基于T.120建议数据通信文件传输的实现方案．数字通信，2000，1：53-54
25、师军，Multicast技术及其应用．计算机与应用，2000，2：29-30
26、蒋东兴，等．Windows Sockets网络程序设计大全，北京，清华大学出版社 1999年版
27、Douglas E.Comer, Dayid L, Stevens著，张娟等译．用TCP／IP进行网络互联．北京，电子工业出版社，2001年版
28、99’中国生物医学电子学学术年会论文集，1999．11．10-11．13．南京，东南大学
2、KuPao Fan, Chuan Ta King, Turn Grouping for multicast in Wormhole-Routed Mesh Networks Supporting the Turn, J of Supercomputer, 16,237-260,2000
3、Rhonda G Vought, R Kevin Grogsby el. Telepsychiatry: Addressing Mental Health Needs in Georgia, Community Mental Health Journal, Vol 36, No 5 ,2000
4、W Dean Bidgood, Clinical importance of the DICOM structured reporting standard, International Journal of Cardiac Imaging, Vol 14,307-315,1998
5、M W Whybray, D G Morrison, Video coding—techniques, standards and applications, BT Technol J. Vol 15, No4,1997
6、Wolf L C, et al. Multimedia and communication on IEEE, 1997,85(1)
7、Franken EA. Telemedicine and Teleradiaology:a tale of two cultures. Telemedicine Journal. 1995;1(1):7
8、Dadkins DR. Telemedicine and Telehealth Networks 1996;2(5):18-19
9、H Schulzrinne, S Casner, R Frederick, V Jacobson(1996).RTP:A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications. Request for comment 1889, ftp://mic.ddn.cmil/rfc/rfc1889.txt
10、C Zhu(1997).RTP Payload Format for H. 263 Video Streams. Request for comment 2190, ftp://mic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc2190.txt
11、Deer(1989).Host Extensions for IP Multieasting. Request for comment 1112, ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc1112.txt
12、李明禄．远程医学系统一般模型及其设计与实现问题．计算机工程，1997，特刊：172
13、朱康辛．远程医疗系统结构模型研究．计算机工程，1997，特刊：126-128
14、李凌，张开诚，等．一种新的远程医疗系统．中国医疗器械杂志，2000，24(5)，260-263
15、钮焱，张颖江．基于WINSOCK的IP组播网络研究及应用．湖北工学院学报，2000，15(2)：28-30
16、王兴伟，张应辉．分布式多媒体系统中的多点播送与组通信机制．计算机工程与设计，1998，19(5)：36-42
17、朱利，郑志军，基于IP的音频通信系统设计．西安建筑科技大学学报，2000，32(2)：196-202
18、何刚，吴志美．IP组播与INTERNET上的视频广播，计算机研究与发展，1999．36(10)：1226-1231
19、董庆阳．IP组播技术，数据通信，1998，3：18-21
20、陆风，郁梅．视频会议系统及应用，数据通信，2000，1：9-11
21、杭小树，郑亚钟．IP网络上的分布式多媒体系统的实现与模型，2000，5：156-159
22、朱康辛，李珂．基于IP多播的视频监控系统．通信技术，2000，109(2)：17-20
23、史小宏，程崇虎．基于Internet的多媒体桌面会议系统．海南大学学报自然科学版，1998，16(4)：305-310
24、姜海东，赵帅锋．基于T.120建议数据通信文件传输的实现方案．数字通信，2000，1：53-54
25、师军，Multicast技术及其应用．计算机与应用，2000，2：29-30
26、蒋东兴，等．Windows Sockets网络程序设计大全，北京，清华大学出版社 1999年版
27、Douglas E.Comer, Dayid L, Stevens著，张娟等译．用TCP／IP进行网络互联．北京，电子工业出版社，2001年版
28、99’中国生物医学电子学学术年会论文集，1999．11．10-11．13．南京，东南大学