交流传动重载列车牵引试验及其性能分析
|
摘要
本论文的主要研究内容就是以在大秦线做万吨牵引性能试验的交流传动货运电力机车DJ_1为对象，以机车牵引试验得到的大量实测数据为依据，利用交流传动控制的基本理论对机车的牵引性能、主电路各主要参数的波形以及谐波等进行了详细的分析。
文中介绍了我国电力机车研究开发的过程，机车性能试验系统的更新情况以及对新型交流传动机车进行试验的必要性和主要意义；以DJ_1型交流传动电力机车为例对机车的牵引特性，机车运行基本原理，机车主电路结构如四象限脉冲整流器和逆变器以及高动态性能的矢量控制原理及技术等进行了综述；给出了交流传动测试系统的组成，详细介绍了交流传动测试系统的硬件部分和软件部分以及测试原理和测试方法；
本人参加了大秦线牵引试验的全过程，得到了许多宝贵的大量实测试验数据，为正确分析DJ_1交流传动电力机车性能奠定了良好的基础，在此基础上，论文对试验数据进行了处理，并对机车的起动加速特性、机车整车线路运行性能、机车主电路各电气参数以及变流器输入端和输出端的电压参数谐波情况进行了较为详细的分析并给出了结果。最后对试验中存在的一些问题，如机车架控并联电机轴功率分配不均等现象，从理论推导和实测参数的分析计算上给出了相应的解释。
本论文的主要成果是以我国首次完成的万吨重载交流传动机车牵引试验得到的大量有用试验数据为依据，对机车的性能进行了较为详细的分析，为我国交流传动机车的型式试验积累了经验，该试验方法已被成功的运用于其它新型交流传动机车上。
Based on DJ1 AC drive electric locomotive traction test, test data and theory of AC drive control, the paper mainly describes the process of traction test of DJ1 hauling ten thousand tons cargos in Da-qin railroad. Gives a detailed description of DJ1 traction character, main power circuit performance and harmonic analysis.
At first, the paper introduces the development of electric locomotives and traction test equipments. The necessity and significance of new locomotive traction test are also given. Then describes general performance of DJ1 AC drive locomotive, the theory of loco traction and AC drive system such as four quadrant pulse converter circuit and inverter circuit, control method such as vector control. At the following part the AC drive test system, composed of hardware, software and test method, is given.
On the basis of plenty of test data gained from traction test in da-qin railroad, the paper analyzes these data and gives DJ1' s traction character, locomotive running capability, main power circuit performance. At last a discuss about some questions presented in the test, such as voltage harmonic analysis and power deviation of parallel running system of asynchronous motor.
The main work of the paper is a detailed performance analysis of DJ1 AC drive electric locomotive on the basis of heavy haul traction test data. Experience obtained from this work can have a good effect on other locomotives' traction test.
文中介绍了我国电力机车研究开发的过程，机车性能试验系统的更新情况以及对新型交流传动机车进行试验的必要性和主要意义；以DJ_1型交流传动电力机车为例对机车的牵引特性，机车运行基本原理，机车主电路结构如四象限脉冲整流器和逆变器以及高动态性能的矢量控制原理及技术等进行了综述；给出了交流传动测试系统的组成，详细介绍了交流传动测试系统的硬件部分和软件部分以及测试原理和测试方法；
本人参加了大秦线牵引试验的全过程，得到了许多宝贵的大量实测试验数据，为正确分析DJ_1交流传动电力机车性能奠定了良好的基础，在此基础上，论文对试验数据进行了处理，并对机车的起动加速特性、机车整车线路运行性能、机车主电路各电气参数以及变流器输入端和输出端的电压参数谐波情况进行了较为详细的分析并给出了结果。最后对试验中存在的一些问题，如机车架控并联电机轴功率分配不均等现象，从理论推导和实测参数的分析计算上给出了相应的解释。
本论文的主要成果是以我国首次完成的万吨重载交流传动机车牵引试验得到的大量有用试验数据为依据，对机车的性能进行了较为详细的分析，为我国交流传动机车的型式试验积累了经验，该试验方法已被成功的运用于其它新型交流传动机车上。
Based on DJ1 AC drive electric locomotive traction test, test data and theory of AC drive control, the paper mainly describes the process of traction test of DJ1 hauling ten thousand tons cargos in Da-qin railroad. Gives a detailed description of DJ1 traction character, main power circuit performance and harmonic analysis.
At first, the paper introduces the development of electric locomotives and traction test equipments. The necessity and significance of new locomotive traction test are also given. Then describes general performance of DJ1 AC drive locomotive, the theory of loco traction and AC drive system such as four quadrant pulse converter circuit and inverter circuit, control method such as vector control. At the following part the AC drive test system, composed of hardware, software and test method, is given.
On the basis of plenty of test data gained from traction test in da-qin railroad, the paper analyzes these data and gives DJ1' s traction character, locomotive running capability, main power circuit performance. At last a discuss about some questions presented in the test, such as voltage harmonic analysis and power deviation of parallel running system of asynchronous motor.
The main work of the paper is a detailed performance analysis of DJ1 AC drive electric locomotive on the basis of heavy haul traction test data. Experience obtained from this work can have a good effect on other locomotives' traction test.
引文
[1] 郝荣泰．电力电子技术在我国电力机车上的应用．电力机车技术．1998．11
[2] 李志轩．国产电力机车「十五」展望．电力机车技术．2001．4
[3] 杨颖．交流传动与交直传动电力机车的技术经济性对比．电力机车技术．2001．1
[4] 徐宗祥．我国电力机车的发展回顾．中国铁道．2001．2
[5] 陈翰芹、史卫军．DJ_1型交流传动电力机车．机车电传动．2001．5
[6] 张光群、张玉祥、易伟彪．DJ_1型机车辅助电路．电力机车技术．2002．6
[7] 索建国、张光群．DJ_1型交流传动机车故障诊断技术．电力机车技术．2002．2
[8] 毛振平、陈特放、林立新．DJ_1型电力机车辅助系统的冗余设计和故障处理．机车电传动．2003．3
[9] 沈本荫．现代交流传动及其控制系统．北京，中国铁道出版社，1997：70-83
[10] 邵丙衡．电力电子技术．北京，中国铁道出版社．1997：125-130
[11] 黄济荣．电力牵引交流传动与控制．机械工业出版社．1999：127-140
[12] 叶斌．电力电子应用技术及装置．北京，中国铁道出版社．1999：161-165
[13] 汤蕴 史乃等．电机学．机械工业出版社，1999
[14] 黄济荣、冯江华．我国交流牵引传动技术的最新进展．机车电传动．2001．1
[15] 黄济荣．我国首台AC4000交流传动电力机车系统设计与总体参数选择．机车电传动．1997．1
[16] 黄济荣．交流牵引传动技术专题讲座．电力机车技术 1997
[17] 郑雪洋．动车组牵引性能试验方法的探讨．铁道机车车辆．2002．3
[18] 朱良达．SS_7型电力机车牵引性能分析．电力机车技术．1996．3
[19] 郭小舟、连级三．我国交直交干线电力机车中的若干技术问题．机车电传
动．1998．11
[20] 程建华、张黎等．1000kW等级交流传动系统的研制．中国铁道科学．2001．3
[21] 刘友梅、杨颖．DJ型高速交流传动客运电力机车．电力机车技术．2001．1
[22] 杨颖．DJ_2型交流传动客运电力机车．电力机车技术．2002．3
[23] 连级三．电力牵引控制系统．北京，中国铁道出版社，2001
[24] 陈国呈．PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术．机械工业出版社．2002
[25] 张燕宾．SPWM变频调速应用技术．机械工业出版社．2002．
[26] 张立、黄两一．电力电子场控器件及其应用．机械工业出版社．1999．
[27] 李夙．异步电动机直接转矩控制．机械工业出版社．2001．
[28] 葛兴来、齐永龙、冯晓云等．直接转矩控制低速运行区段的建模与仿真研究．电气传动自动化．2003．1
[29] 葛兴来、冯晓云．TMS320F240与PC的串行通信．电子元器件应用．2003．6
[30] 廖凡、傅青音、唐明新、陈淑卿．异步电机传动机车动轮轮径偏差的计算机仿真研究．大连铁道学院学报．1996．6
[31] 程泓生．关于交直交传动机车轮径偏差问题的探讨．机车电传动．1991．3
[32] 陈汝义等．并联交流调速系统的建模与仿真．大连铁道学院学报．1999．9
[33] 葛兴来、陆阳、冯晓云等．DJ_1交流传动电机机车并联电机功率偏差的研究．铁道机车车辆．2004．1
[34]．于光华、刘曙光．磁补偿霍尔传感器在电力电子方面的应用研究．仪表技术．2003．5
[35] 张逸刚、彭喜元、姜守达、付平．自动测试系统．哈尔滨工业大学出版社．2001
[36] 梁森、王侃夫、黄杭美．自动检测技术．机械工业出版社．2002
[37] 吴道悌．非电量电测技术．西安交通大学出版社．2001
[38] 申忠如、郭福田、丁晖．电气测量技术．科学出版社，2003：13-67
[39] i Zhi, Zheng Yong, Qiu Xiaogang. Operation simulator of heavy haul train. Main Line Railway Electrification, 1989, International Conference on 25-28 Set 1989 Page(s):351-355
[40] Duffy, M.C. Three-phase motor in railway traction. Science, Measurement and Technology, IEE Proceedings A, Volume:139 Issue:6, Nov. 1992
[41] Mathew, R.;Flinders, F.;Oghanna, W.; Locomotive "total systems" simulation using SIMULINK. Electric Railways in a United Europe, 1995. International Conference on, 27-30 Mar 1995
[42] Wagner, R. AC drive technology for locomotives. Railroad Conference, 1989. Proceedings. Technical Papers Presented at the 1989 IEEE/ASME Joint, 25-27 April 1989
[43] Milroy, l.P.;Johnson, R.A;Gaertner, P.S. Performance of AC diesel-electric locomotives in typical Australian tasks. Railroad Conference, 1996. Proceedings of the 1996 ASME/IEEE Joint, 30 April-2 May 1996
[44] Watkins, K.M. The integration of AC drive technology to Amtrak's passenger locomotives. Railroad Conference, 1993. proceedings of the 1993 IEEE/ASME Joint, 6-8 April 1993
[45] Flinders, F.;Oghanna, W.; Energy efficiency improvements to electric locomotives using PWM rectifier technology. Electric Railways in a United Europe, 1995. International Conference on, 27-30 Mar 1995
[46] Lu Chun;Wu Guang Gao; Reasonable measures for reducing harmonic disturbance in power systems caused by traction loads. Main Line Railway Electrification, 1989. International Conference on, 25-28 Set 1989
[47] Becher, R.W.;Boggess, J.S.; System considerations for heavy haul diesel-electric locomotives with three phase traction motors. Railroad
Conference, 1990., Technical Papers Presented at the 1990 ASME/IEEE Joint, 17-19 April 1990
[48] Meyer, M.;Aeberhard, M.; Ruegg, R.; Influence of inverter design and control on the energy consumption of electric locomotives. Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1996. PESC 96 Record., 27th Annal IEEE, Volume:2,23-27 June 1996
[49] Enzensberger, G.; Spycher, E.; Scheibengraf, J.; Converter series, using oil immersed cooling, for main line locomotives. Power Electronics and Applocations, 1993., Fifth European Conference on, 13-16 Sep 1993
[50] Weschta, A.; Traction technology of the new class S252 and S447 power units for the Spanish Railways Renfe. Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1992. PESC 92 Record., 23rd Annual IEEE, 29 June-3 July 1992
[51] Seventh Residential Course on ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEMS. The Manchester Conference Centre UMIST, Manchester, UK 21-25 October 2002
[2] 李志轩．国产电力机车「十五」展望．电力机车技术．2001．4
[3] 杨颖．交流传动与交直传动电力机车的技术经济性对比．电力机车技术．2001．1
[4] 徐宗祥．我国电力机车的发展回顾．中国铁道．2001．2
[5] 陈翰芹、史卫军．DJ_1型交流传动电力机车．机车电传动．2001．5
[6] 张光群、张玉祥、易伟彪．DJ_1型机车辅助电路．电力机车技术．2002．6
[7] 索建国、张光群．DJ_1型交流传动机车故障诊断技术．电力机车技术．2002．2
[8] 毛振平、陈特放、林立新．DJ_1型电力机车辅助系统的冗余设计和故障处理．机车电传动．2003．3
[9] 沈本荫．现代交流传动及其控制系统．北京，中国铁道出版社，1997：70-83
[10] 邵丙衡．电力电子技术．北京，中国铁道出版社．1997：125-130
[11] 黄济荣．电力牵引交流传动与控制．机械工业出版社．1999：127-140
[12] 叶斌．电力电子应用技术及装置．北京，中国铁道出版社．1999：161-165
[13] 汤蕴 史乃等．电机学．机械工业出版社，1999
[14] 黄济荣、冯江华．我国交流牵引传动技术的最新进展．机车电传动．2001．1
[15] 黄济荣．我国首台AC4000交流传动电力机车系统设计与总体参数选择．机车电传动．1997．1
[16] 黄济荣．交流牵引传动技术专题讲座．电力机车技术 1997
[17] 郑雪洋．动车组牵引性能试验方法的探讨．铁道机车车辆．2002．3
[18] 朱良达．SS_7型电力机车牵引性能分析．电力机车技术．1996．3
[19] 郭小舟、连级三．我国交直交干线电力机车中的若干技术问题．机车电传
动．1998．11
[20] 程建华、张黎等．1000kW等级交流传动系统的研制．中国铁道科学．2001．3
[21] 刘友梅、杨颖．DJ型高速交流传动客运电力机车．电力机车技术．2001．1
[22] 杨颖．DJ_2型交流传动客运电力机车．电力机车技术．2002．3
[23] 连级三．电力牵引控制系统．北京，中国铁道出版社，2001
[24] 陈国呈．PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术．机械工业出版社．2002
[25] 张燕宾．SPWM变频调速应用技术．机械工业出版社．2002．
[26] 张立、黄两一．电力电子场控器件及其应用．机械工业出版社．1999．
[27] 李夙．异步电动机直接转矩控制．机械工业出版社．2001．
[28] 葛兴来、齐永龙、冯晓云等．直接转矩控制低速运行区段的建模与仿真研究．电气传动自动化．2003．1
[29] 葛兴来、冯晓云．TMS320F240与PC的串行通信．电子元器件应用．2003．6
[30] 廖凡、傅青音、唐明新、陈淑卿．异步电机传动机车动轮轮径偏差的计算机仿真研究．大连铁道学院学报．1996．6
[31] 程泓生．关于交直交传动机车轮径偏差问题的探讨．机车电传动．1991．3
[32] 陈汝义等．并联交流调速系统的建模与仿真．大连铁道学院学报．1999．9
[33] 葛兴来、陆阳、冯晓云等．DJ_1交流传动电机机车并联电机功率偏差的研究．铁道机车车辆．2004．1
[34]．于光华、刘曙光．磁补偿霍尔传感器在电力电子方面的应用研究．仪表技术．2003．5
[35] 张逸刚、彭喜元、姜守达、付平．自动测试系统．哈尔滨工业大学出版社．2001
[36] 梁森、王侃夫、黄杭美．自动检测技术．机械工业出版社．2002
[37] 吴道悌．非电量电测技术．西安交通大学出版社．2001
[38] 申忠如、郭福田、丁晖．电气测量技术．科学出版社，2003：13-67
[39] i Zhi, Zheng Yong, Qiu Xiaogang. Operation simulator of heavy haul train. Main Line Railway Electrification, 1989, International Conference on 25-28 Set 1989 Page(s):351-355
[40] Duffy, M.C. Three-phase motor in railway traction. Science, Measurement and Technology, IEE Proceedings A, Volume:139 Issue:6, Nov. 1992
[41] Mathew, R.;Flinders, F.;Oghanna, W.; Locomotive "total systems" simulation using SIMULINK. Electric Railways in a United Europe, 1995. International Conference on, 27-30 Mar 1995
[42] Wagner, R. AC drive technology for locomotives. Railroad Conference, 1989. Proceedings. Technical Papers Presented at the 1989 IEEE/ASME Joint, 25-27 April 1989
[43] Milroy, l.P.;Johnson, R.A;Gaertner, P.S. Performance of AC diesel-electric locomotives in typical Australian tasks. Railroad Conference, 1996. Proceedings of the 1996 ASME/IEEE Joint, 30 April-2 May 1996
[44] Watkins, K.M. The integration of AC drive technology to Amtrak's passenger locomotives. Railroad Conference, 1993. proceedings of the 1993 IEEE/ASME Joint, 6-8 April 1993
[45] Flinders, F.;Oghanna, W.; Energy efficiency improvements to electric locomotives using PWM rectifier technology. Electric Railways in a United Europe, 1995. International Conference on, 27-30 Mar 1995
[46] Lu Chun;Wu Guang Gao; Reasonable measures for reducing harmonic disturbance in power systems caused by traction loads. Main Line Railway Electrification, 1989. International Conference on, 25-28 Set 1989
[47] Becher, R.W.;Boggess, J.S.; System considerations for heavy haul diesel-electric locomotives with three phase traction motors. Railroad
Conference, 1990., Technical Papers Presented at the 1990 ASME/IEEE Joint, 17-19 April 1990
[48] Meyer, M.;Aeberhard, M.; Ruegg, R.; Influence of inverter design and control on the energy consumption of electric locomotives. Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1996. PESC 96 Record., 27th Annal IEEE, Volume:2,23-27 June 1996
[49] Enzensberger, G.; Spycher, E.; Scheibengraf, J.; Converter series, using oil immersed cooling, for main line locomotives. Power Electronics and Applocations, 1993., Fifth European Conference on, 13-16 Sep 1993
[50] Weschta, A.; Traction technology of the new class S252 and S447 power units for the Spanish Railways Renfe. Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1992. PESC 92 Record., 23rd Annual IEEE, 29 June-3 July 1992
[51] Seventh Residential Course on ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEMS. The Manchester Conference Centre UMIST, Manchester, UK 21-25 October 2002