基于电力线通信技术的仿真与系统实现研究
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摘要
在众多通信技术中,电力线通信受到越来越广泛的关注。电力线通信采用已有的电力线做为媒介进行通信,充分利用了已有的线路设备和网络,具有重复建设少,设备简单,见效快,不易被破坏等诸多优点。但电力线作为传输介质,具有负载多,噪声干扰多,信道衰落和多径延迟严重等等不利因素。
本论文首先在MATLAB平台上对电力线的阻抗特性、噪声环境、信道衰落等进行了具体的分析与仿真,得出了包含背景噪声和脉冲噪声的电力线噪声环境特征以及信号衰减及多径引起的电力线信道衰落特征,在此基础上,针对高速电力线宽带通信的OFDM调制解调系统进行了误码率性能仿真。为了改善多径衰落信道条件下的系统性能,本论文在电力线通信系统中引入了无线通信通常使用的信道估计、频域均衡以及频率分集技术,结果表明这些策略一定程度上克服了电力线上的多径衰落,降低了误码率,获得了更好的系统性能。
其次,本论文将手写输入应用与电力线通信结合,实现了一个完整的基于电力线通信的手写输入系统。通过电力线进行手写输入信息的传输,能满足使用者在特殊工作环境下,远距离输入的特殊要求,充分利用了电力线通信技术的优势。在硬件平台和软件程序的配合下,系统完成了手写输入信息的采集和编码,载波调制解调,接口转换,系统控制以及终端显示等各项功能。最后的实验测试结果表明该系统方案能可靠地进行信息的手写输入和电力线传输,设计所要求的功能基本实现。
最后,本论文针对宽带高速电力线通信,基于INT5200电力线通信芯片,对高速的电力线调制解调器进行了设计。该调制解调器的设计包含了以太网物理层接口,INT5200模块,瞬时保护电路,电源模块,逻辑复位模块等等,适用于利用电力线进行局域网的构建和Internet宽带接入。论文对电路板进行了设计。
Among various communication technologies employed nowadays, power line communications (PLC) gains more and more attention. Employing the power line as the communication media, PLC can take full advantage of the existing equipments and networks and possesses the advantages of repeated construction avoidance, the equipment simplicity, the prompt effect as well as the robustness to destroy. On the other hand, as the transmission media, power line exhibits unfavorable properties such as heavy load, severe noise and interference, serious channel fading and multipath delay and so on.
First of all, the thesis analyzes and simulates the impedance, noise and signal attenuation characteristics of power line through MATLAB in detail, based on which, the noisy environment characteristics including the background and impulse noise, as well as the channel fading characteristics caused by signal attenuation and multipath propagation, are obtained. Further, the error rate performance of high data rate wideband PLC system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique is simulated. In order to improve the system performance in the multipath fading channel, schemes involving channel estimation, frequency domain equalization and frequency diversity are introduced. Simulation results presented show that the multipath fading effects on PLC system are mitigated to some extent, which brings better error performance.
Secondly, in the thesis, hand-writing input application and PLC technique are combined to implement a complete PLC-based hand-writing system. Transmitting hand-writing information through power line, the system can take full advantage of PLC technique to meet the specific needs of different users, including special environment, long distance, multipoint input and so on. Based on the integration of hardware platform and software program, the system can implement functions including hand-writing input information collection, encoding, modulation, demodulation, interface conversion, system control and so on. The final testing results presented indicate that the system is able to implement reliable hand-writing input and PLC transmission, and the design demand is achieved on the whole.
In the end, a high data-rate wideband PLC modem based on INT5200 chip is designed. The modem consisting of Ethernet physical interface, INT5200 module, transient protecting module, power supply module, logic reset module and so on can be used for the construction of local area network (LAN) and the access to Internet. Detailed discussions on the circuit design are provided.
本论文首先在MATLAB平台上对电力线的阻抗特性、噪声环境、信道衰落等进行了具体的分析与仿真,得出了包含背景噪声和脉冲噪声的电力线噪声环境特征以及信号衰减及多径引起的电力线信道衰落特征,在此基础上,针对高速电力线宽带通信的OFDM调制解调系统进行了误码率性能仿真。为了改善多径衰落信道条件下的系统性能,本论文在电力线通信系统中引入了无线通信通常使用的信道估计、频域均衡以及频率分集技术,结果表明这些策略一定程度上克服了电力线上的多径衰落,降低了误码率,获得了更好的系统性能。
其次,本论文将手写输入应用与电力线通信结合,实现了一个完整的基于电力线通信的手写输入系统。通过电力线进行手写输入信息的传输,能满足使用者在特殊工作环境下,远距离输入的特殊要求,充分利用了电力线通信技术的优势。在硬件平台和软件程序的配合下,系统完成了手写输入信息的采集和编码,载波调制解调,接口转换,系统控制以及终端显示等各项功能。最后的实验测试结果表明该系统方案能可靠地进行信息的手写输入和电力线传输,设计所要求的功能基本实现。
最后,本论文针对宽带高速电力线通信,基于INT5200电力线通信芯片,对高速的电力线调制解调器进行了设计。该调制解调器的设计包含了以太网物理层接口,INT5200模块,瞬时保护电路,电源模块,逻辑复位模块等等,适用于利用电力线进行局域网的构建和Internet宽带接入。论文对电路板进行了设计。
Among various communication technologies employed nowadays, power line communications (PLC) gains more and more attention. Employing the power line as the communication media, PLC can take full advantage of the existing equipments and networks and possesses the advantages of repeated construction avoidance, the equipment simplicity, the prompt effect as well as the robustness to destroy. On the other hand, as the transmission media, power line exhibits unfavorable properties such as heavy load, severe noise and interference, serious channel fading and multipath delay and so on.
First of all, the thesis analyzes and simulates the impedance, noise and signal attenuation characteristics of power line through MATLAB in detail, based on which, the noisy environment characteristics including the background and impulse noise, as well as the channel fading characteristics caused by signal attenuation and multipath propagation, are obtained. Further, the error rate performance of high data rate wideband PLC system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique is simulated. In order to improve the system performance in the multipath fading channel, schemes involving channel estimation, frequency domain equalization and frequency diversity are introduced. Simulation results presented show that the multipath fading effects on PLC system are mitigated to some extent, which brings better error performance.
Secondly, in the thesis, hand-writing input application and PLC technique are combined to implement a complete PLC-based hand-writing system. Transmitting hand-writing information through power line, the system can take full advantage of PLC technique to meet the specific needs of different users, including special environment, long distance, multipoint input and so on. Based on the integration of hardware platform and software program, the system can implement functions including hand-writing input information collection, encoding, modulation, demodulation, interface conversion, system control and so on. The final testing results presented indicate that the system is able to implement reliable hand-writing input and PLC transmission, and the design demand is achieved on the whole.
In the end, a high data-rate wideband PLC modem based on INT5200 chip is designed. The modem consisting of Ethernet physical interface, INT5200 module, transient protecting module, power supply module, logic reset module and so on can be used for the construction of local area network (LAN) and the access to Internet. Detailed discussions on the circuit design are provided.
引文
[1]Manfred Zimmermann,Klaus Dostert.A Multipath Model for the Powerline Channel.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS.2002,50(4):553-559
[2]HC Ferreira,HM Grove,0 Hooijen,AJ Han Vinck.POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS:AN OVERVIEW.IEEE AFRICON 4th,1996,2:558-563
[3]Olaf G.Hooijen.A Channel Model for the Residential Power Circuit Used as a Digital Communications Medium.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY.1998,40(4):331-336
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[9]李平,赵志辉,张振仁.低压电力线信道中脉冲噪声的建模及仿真.继电器.2007,35(5)
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[29]Eric R.Wade,Haruhiko Harry Asada.Design of a Broadcasting Modern for a DC PLC Scheme.IEEE/ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS.2006,11(5)
[30]刘华玲,张保会,刘海涛.扩频通信、OFDM调制技术及其在电力线通信中的应用分析.继电器.2001,11
[31]刘恒,汪光森,王乘.OFDM、扩频通信技术在电力线通信中的应用分析与仿真.继电器.2003,31(7):41-46
[32]何登科.小区宽带PLC接入解决方案.网管员世界.2003,(7):51-52
[33]樊昊,易浩勇,汪晓岩,孙荣久.基于OFDM技术的电力线通信系统计算机模拟.第二十七届中国电网调度运行会议论文集:618-625
[34]Hitoshi Kubota,Kazumasa Suzuki,Isamu Kawakami,Mamoru Sakugawa,Hiroyuki Kondo.High Frequency Band Dispersed-Tone Power Line Communication Modern for Networked Appliances.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.2006,52(1)
[35]M.K.Lee,R.E.Newman,H.A.Latchrnan,S.Katar,L.Yonge.HomePlug 1.0Powerline Communication LANs -Protocol Description and Performance Results version 5.4.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS.2002:1-6
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[41]陈长德,刘海涛,张保会.OFDM调制技术在宽带高速电力线通信中的应用.电力系统自动化.2001,25(18):55-59.
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[2]HC Ferreira,HM Grove,0 Hooijen,AJ Han Vinck.POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS:AN OVERVIEW.IEEE AFRICON 4th,1996,2:558-563
[3]Olaf G.Hooijen.A Channel Model for the Residential Power Circuit Used as a Digital Communications Medium.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY.1998,40(4):331-336
[4]Y.H.Ma,P.L.So,E.Gunawan,Performance Analysis of OFDM Systems for Broadband Power Line Communications Under Impulsive Noise and Multipath Effects.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY.2005,20(2)
[5]Dubravko Sabolic,Alen Bazant,Roman Malaric.Signal Propagation Modeling in Power-Line Communication Networks.1EEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY.2005,20(4)
[6]Manfred Zimmermann,Klaus Dostert.Analysis and Modeling of Impulsive Noise in Broad-Band Powerline Communications.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY.2002,44(1)
[7]Manfred Zimmermann,Klaus Dostert.An Analysis of the Broadband Noise Scenario in Powerline Networks.In:Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Powerline Communications and Its Applications.2000:131-138
[8]田新成,侯思祖,王旭.基于OFDM的低压电力线通信系统信道噪声特性分析.华北电力大学学报.2007,34(1)
[9]李平,赵志辉,张振仁.低压电力线信道中脉冲噪声的建模及仿真.继电器.2007,35(5)
[10]Monisha Ghosh.Analysis of the Effect of Impulse Noise on Multicamer and Single Carrier QAM Systems.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS.1996,44(2)
[11]Petra Cuncic.Alen Bazant.Analysis of Modulation Methods for Data Communications over the Low-voltage Grid.7th International Conference on Telecommunications-ConTEL,Zagreb,Croatia,2003
[12]李伟波,顾巍.低压电力线FSK载波通讯性能研究.绍兴文理学院学报.2005,25(8)
[13]PIERRE MERTZI.Model of Impulsive Noise for Data Transmission.IEEE Transactions on COMMUNICATIONS.1961,9(2):130-137
[14]Youbing Zhang,Shijie Cheng.A Novel Multicarrier Signal Transmission System Over Multipath Channel of Low-Voltage Power Line.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY.2004,19(4):1668-1672
[15]Huaiyu Dai,H.Vincent Poor.Advanced Signal Processing for Power Line Communications.IEEE Communications Magazine,2003,41(5):100-107
[16]Ezio Biglieri,Politecnico di Torino.Coding and Modulation for a Horrible Channel.IEEE Communications Magazine,2003,41(5):92-98
[17]Francisco Javier Canete,Jose Antonio Cortes,Luis Diez,Jose Tomas Entrambasaguas.Modeling and Evaluation of the IndoorPower Line Transmission Medium.IEEE Communications Magazine,2003,41(4):41-47
[18]Tom Bostoen and Olivier Van de Wiel.Modelling the Low-voltage Power Distribution Network In The Frequency band from 0.5Mhz to 30Mhz for Broadband Powerline Communication(PLC).Broadband Communications,2000.Proceedings.International Zurich Seminar on,2000:171-178
[19]姚雪峰,周嘉农,柯建伟.OFDM编码在宽带电力线通信中的应用及其改进.电力系统自动化,2004,28(18):71-75
[20]赵云峰,汪晓岩.低压电力线噪声分析与建模.电力系统通信,2003(1)
[21]张圣清,于东海,马建旭,等.低压电力线通信信道噪声特性的测试与分析.电力系统通信.2003(1):35-42
[22]E.Mainardi,S.Banzi,M.Bonfe,S.Beghelli.A low-cost Home Automation System based on Power-Line Communication Links.22rid International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction.2005
[23]D.Clarke.POWERL1NE COMMUNICATIONS:Finally Ready for Prime Time.IEEE Internet Computing.1998
[24]Yu-Ju Lin,Haniph A.Latchman,Minkyu Lee.A Power Line Communication Network Infrastructure For The Smart Home.IEEE Wireless Communications.2002
[25].Matthias Karl,Klaus Dostert.Selection Of An Optimal Modulation Scheme For Digital Communications Over Low Voltage Power Lines.Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications Proceedings.1996
[26]Jay Cheng.HomePlug1.0 Overview.HomePlug Executive Seminar.November 14-16,2006
[27]Charles J.Kim,Mohamed F.Chouikha.Attenuation Characteristics of High Rate Home-Networking PLC Signals.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY.2002,17(4)
[28]A.Sanz,J.I.García-Nicolás,P.Estopinan.A Complete Node for Power Line Communications in a Single Chip.Power Line Communications and Its Applications,2005 International Symposium on,6-8 April,2005:285-289
[29]Eric R.Wade,Haruhiko Harry Asada.Design of a Broadcasting Modern for a DC PLC Scheme.IEEE/ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS.2006,11(5)
[30]刘华玲,张保会,刘海涛.扩频通信、OFDM调制技术及其在电力线通信中的应用分析.继电器.2001,11
[31]刘恒,汪光森,王乘.OFDM、扩频通信技术在电力线通信中的应用分析与仿真.继电器.2003,31(7):41-46
[32]何登科.小区宽带PLC接入解决方案.网管员世界.2003,(7):51-52
[33]樊昊,易浩勇,汪晓岩,孙荣久.基于OFDM技术的电力线通信系统计算机模拟.第二十七届中国电网调度运行会议论文集:618-625
[34]Hitoshi Kubota,Kazumasa Suzuki,Isamu Kawakami,Mamoru Sakugawa,Hiroyuki Kondo.High Frequency Band Dispersed-Tone Power Line Communication Modern for Networked Appliances.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.2006,52(1)
[35]M.K.Lee,R.E.Newman,H.A.Latchrnan,S.Katar,L.Yonge.HomePlug 1.0Powerline Communication LANs -Protocol Description and Performance Results version 5.4.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS.2002:1-6
[36]HomePlug Powerline Alliance.HomePlug 1.0 Technology White Paper.2005:1-9
[37]Bingham,J.A.C.Multicarrier Modulation for Data Transmission:An Idea Whose Time Has Come.IEEE Communications Magazine.1990:5-14
[38]Proakis,J.G.Digital Communications.McGraw Hill.1995
[39]W.Q.Luo,S.Y.Tan,Boon Tiong.Tan.Modeling and measurements for power line communication systems.Asia-Pacific Conference Proceedings,2005.5:3
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