基于CFD实验动物房气流环境系统的优化研究
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摘要
21世纪是生命科学时代,各国之间在生命科学高技术领域展开了激烈竞争。
实验动物是生命科学发展的基础和重要支撑条件,生物、医学、制药、化工、农
业、环保、航天、商检、军工等研究以及药品安全评价、效果实验均离不开实验
动物;在科学研究中,实验动物被称为活的“精密仪器”,国际间的学术交流、成
果评价、产品质量评定,都要求使用相同标准的实验动物。实验动物房作为实验
动物生长和生活的环境,也越来越受到科学家们的重视,实验动物房环境质量是
实验动物品质和质量的最基本保证,随着GMP规范(GMP是Good Manufacturing
Practices的缩写,中文名为《药品生产质量规范》)的进一步实施和生命科学的进
一步发展,实验动物房环境控制的重要作用也在一步一步的体现。
与常规空调相比,由于实验动物房的发展历史不长,实验动物房洁净空调系
统在实践中有许多问题还没有得到妥善的处理和引起足够的重视,普遍存在的问
题是在系统的设计中为了达到洁净标准而未考虑节能,导致能源浪费大;另外还
存在在实际饲养条件下的气流环境控制效果欠佳、验收标准模糊等实际问题。这
些问题都牵涉到实验动物房内部的洁净度控制,并直接影响到实验动物的质量。
本课题的研究目的旨在实现节能的基础上优化实验动物房室内气流环境,提
高实验动物的质量。本文在全面总结和阐述实验动物房及其环境控制的历史、现
状与发展趋势的基础上,结合某一实际工程,首次通过CFD对实验动物房的气流
环境控制问题进行详尽的研究,通过实测与模拟分析来研究洁净度、气流组织与
换气次数的关系,并对该实验动物房的运行和管理进行了跟踪测试,从而找到合
适的气流组织形式和换气次数,形成一套实用的气流组织和压差控制方案,达到
洁净和节能的目的,为规范制定、工程设计和施工、环境控制系统的运行管理等
提供参考。
本文的研究主要有下面几个方面:
1、以实际工程的作为切入点,介绍了现行的典型实验动物房的室内气流组织
形式,通过CFD模拟,分析比较了方形风口上送下回式、条形风口上送下回式、
条形风口异侧送回式、条形同侧送回式、平行流等几种不同的气流组织方式的净
化效果,并详细分析了笼架摆放方式的影响。经技术经济分析表明,实验动物房
The 21st century is time of life sciences. Every country is being involved in dramatic competition in the fields of life science's high technology. The laboratory animals has already become the basis and crucial supporting factor for the development of life science, such as biology, medical science, pharmacy, chemical industry, agriculture, environmental protection, spaceflight, commodity inspection , war industry, medicines safety evaluation, and experiment result. In scientific research, the laboratory animal is called "alive precise instrument". Product quality assessment, accomplishment appraisement and the academic exchange between world are asked to uses identical standard laboratory animals, laboratory animal room where is the environment for laboratory animal growth and life gets more and more attention of scientists, laboratory animal room environmental quality is the most basic guarantee for laboratory animal quality, Along with GMP(Good Manufacturing Practices) was implemented further and life science was develop further, the important role of laboratory animal room environment control will be also incarnate step by step, scientific research about laboratory will be further strengthened.Compared with normal air conditioning, a lot of problems about clean air conditioning system in laboratory animal room have not got appropriate treatment and caused enough attention because of its short developing history, the ubiquitous problem is that we have not considered energy-conservation in purpose of reaching the clean standard in the systematic design, which caused a large energy wasting, in addition some problem still exist, such as the poor effect of controlling, the vague check-and-accept standard. All these problem all involve the control of the cleanliness within the laboratory animal room, and influence the quality of the laboratory animal directly, which will surely influence the accuracy of the animal experiment.The research paper aims at optimizing the indoor air distribution environment, improve the quality of laboratory animal on the basis of conserve energy, after summarizing and explaining the history, current situation and development trend of
laboratory animal room and its environment control in an all-round way, This subject combine a certain actual project, study the problem of the laboratory animal room environment control in detail through CFD for the first time, study the relationship among the cleanliness, air distribution and by field survey and simulation analysis. And has followed testing to this operation and management of the laboratory animal room, then the suitable air distribution and air change rate were found, Form a practicability air distribution and pressure differential control, at the same time, adopt the optimized systematic design scheme, achieve the clean and energy-conserving goal, offer reference for standard formulation, project design and construction, operation management of the environmental control system, etc..This paper discussed mainly following several questions:1 、 With the regarding as the breakthrough point of a project, the current indoor air distribution in typical laboratory animal room have been introduced, thought CFD simulation, Analyzed and compared several purification result in different air distribution, and analyzed the influence of cages and its way to put in detail. Indicated by technological economic analysis, ceiling diffuser and linear grille supply air and exhausting air in underside is the acceptable air distribution, and different air distribution have correspondingly suitable cages way to put.2、 The upper limit of air change rate has been put forward. Regard current typical air distribution of ceiling diffuser supply, return in the corner as research object, we can find its upper limit of air change rate is 24 changes pre hour, if the air change rate reach 24 changes pre hour, it is no use for raising the cleanness in laboratory animal room by raising the air change rate.3、 Simulated and analyzed the indoor contamination distributing in different air change rates, under the guidance of the indoor cleanliness, 12 changes pre hour air change rates have been drawn as best one, carried on energy-conservation analysis with current air change rates. Results indicate, if the air change rates have been adopted which recommend by this paper, 33.3% energy can be saving in the whole system.4、 The pressure differential of laboratory animal room has been simulated and analyzed in detail. Through the CFD simulation, the indoor and outdoor pressure
differential of have been analyzed and calculated, the high direction of the windward side change function has been drawn and the place of the biggest pressure has been found, the rationality of pressure differential that the standard stipulates have been verified.5、 The experience that the author participates in the design and construction of the laboratory animal room have summarized, the environmental control system of the Nanhua university SPF laboratory animal room have been introduced. According to the national regulation standard method, have followed testing to this air environment in the laboratory animal room, the result of measuring have been analyzed, and contrast the test result and simulation result, the appearing question while designing and operating have been analyzed.
实验动物是生命科学发展的基础和重要支撑条件,生物、医学、制药、化工、农
业、环保、航天、商检、军工等研究以及药品安全评价、效果实验均离不开实验
动物;在科学研究中,实验动物被称为活的“精密仪器”,国际间的学术交流、成
果评价、产品质量评定,都要求使用相同标准的实验动物。实验动物房作为实验
动物生长和生活的环境,也越来越受到科学家们的重视,实验动物房环境质量是
实验动物品质和质量的最基本保证,随着GMP规范(GMP是Good Manufacturing
Practices的缩写,中文名为《药品生产质量规范》)的进一步实施和生命科学的进
一步发展,实验动物房环境控制的重要作用也在一步一步的体现。
与常规空调相比,由于实验动物房的发展历史不长,实验动物房洁净空调系
统在实践中有许多问题还没有得到妥善的处理和引起足够的重视,普遍存在的问
题是在系统的设计中为了达到洁净标准而未考虑节能,导致能源浪费大;另外还
存在在实际饲养条件下的气流环境控制效果欠佳、验收标准模糊等实际问题。这
些问题都牵涉到实验动物房内部的洁净度控制,并直接影响到实验动物的质量。
本课题的研究目的旨在实现节能的基础上优化实验动物房室内气流环境,提
高实验动物的质量。本文在全面总结和阐述实验动物房及其环境控制的历史、现
状与发展趋势的基础上,结合某一实际工程,首次通过CFD对实验动物房的气流
环境控制问题进行详尽的研究,通过实测与模拟分析来研究洁净度、气流组织与
换气次数的关系,并对该实验动物房的运行和管理进行了跟踪测试,从而找到合
适的气流组织形式和换气次数,形成一套实用的气流组织和压差控制方案,达到
洁净和节能的目的,为规范制定、工程设计和施工、环境控制系统的运行管理等
提供参考。
本文的研究主要有下面几个方面:
1、以实际工程的作为切入点,介绍了现行的典型实验动物房的室内气流组织
形式,通过CFD模拟,分析比较了方形风口上送下回式、条形风口上送下回式、
条形风口异侧送回式、条形同侧送回式、平行流等几种不同的气流组织方式的净
化效果,并详细分析了笼架摆放方式的影响。经技术经济分析表明,实验动物房
The 21st century is time of life sciences. Every country is being involved in dramatic competition in the fields of life science's high technology. The laboratory animals has already become the basis and crucial supporting factor for the development of life science, such as biology, medical science, pharmacy, chemical industry, agriculture, environmental protection, spaceflight, commodity inspection , war industry, medicines safety evaluation, and experiment result. In scientific research, the laboratory animal is called "alive precise instrument". Product quality assessment, accomplishment appraisement and the academic exchange between world are asked to uses identical standard laboratory animals, laboratory animal room where is the environment for laboratory animal growth and life gets more and more attention of scientists, laboratory animal room environmental quality is the most basic guarantee for laboratory animal quality, Along with GMP(Good Manufacturing Practices) was implemented further and life science was develop further, the important role of laboratory animal room environment control will be also incarnate step by step, scientific research about laboratory will be further strengthened.Compared with normal air conditioning, a lot of problems about clean air conditioning system in laboratory animal room have not got appropriate treatment and caused enough attention because of its short developing history, the ubiquitous problem is that we have not considered energy-conservation in purpose of reaching the clean standard in the systematic design, which caused a large energy wasting, in addition some problem still exist, such as the poor effect of controlling, the vague check-and-accept standard. All these problem all involve the control of the cleanliness within the laboratory animal room, and influence the quality of the laboratory animal directly, which will surely influence the accuracy of the animal experiment.The research paper aims at optimizing the indoor air distribution environment, improve the quality of laboratory animal on the basis of conserve energy, after summarizing and explaining the history, current situation and development trend of
laboratory animal room and its environment control in an all-round way, This subject combine a certain actual project, study the problem of the laboratory animal room environment control in detail through CFD for the first time, study the relationship among the cleanliness, air distribution and by field survey and simulation analysis. And has followed testing to this operation and management of the laboratory animal room, then the suitable air distribution and air change rate were found, Form a practicability air distribution and pressure differential control, at the same time, adopt the optimized systematic design scheme, achieve the clean and energy-conserving goal, offer reference for standard formulation, project design and construction, operation management of the environmental control system, etc..This paper discussed mainly following several questions:1 、 With the regarding as the breakthrough point of a project, the current indoor air distribution in typical laboratory animal room have been introduced, thought CFD simulation, Analyzed and compared several purification result in different air distribution, and analyzed the influence of cages and its way to put in detail. Indicated by technological economic analysis, ceiling diffuser and linear grille supply air and exhausting air in underside is the acceptable air distribution, and different air distribution have correspondingly suitable cages way to put.2、 The upper limit of air change rate has been put forward. Regard current typical air distribution of ceiling diffuser supply, return in the corner as research object, we can find its upper limit of air change rate is 24 changes pre hour, if the air change rate reach 24 changes pre hour, it is no use for raising the cleanness in laboratory animal room by raising the air change rate.3、 Simulated and analyzed the indoor contamination distributing in different air change rates, under the guidance of the indoor cleanliness, 12 changes pre hour air change rates have been drawn as best one, carried on energy-conservation analysis with current air change rates. Results indicate, if the air change rates have been adopted which recommend by this paper, 33.3% energy can be saving in the whole system.4、 The pressure differential of laboratory animal room has been simulated and analyzed in detail. Through the CFD simulation, the indoor and outdoor pressure
differential of have been analyzed and calculated, the high direction of the windward side change function has been drawn and the place of the biggest pressure has been found, the rationality of pressure differential that the standard stipulates have been verified.5、 The experience that the author participates in the design and construction of the laboratory animal room have summarized, the environmental control system of the Nanhua university SPF laboratory animal room have been introduced. According to the national regulation standard method, have followed testing to this air environment in the laboratory animal room, the result of measuring have been analyzed, and contrast the test result and simulation result, the appearing question while designing and operating have been analyzed.
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