车载探地雷达系统的开发及其应用实验研究
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摘要
随着高速公路的快速发展，道路质量检测任务日益加重，如何在不损坏路面结构和不影响车辆正常行驶速度的前提下，快速、准确获取路面及路下信息，从而掌握公路的质量、生命周期状况显得尤为重要。但目前国内外现有可用于路面探测的探地雷达（GPR）系统因受采样方式、采样率、天线耦合方式等的限制还不能完全满足高速探测的要求。本文以克服这些缺陷为目标，设计开发了一套车载高速、双通道、超宽带（UWB）探地雷达系统。生成了基于阶段恢复二极管的超宽带脉冲作为发射信号，实时采样率可达到8Gsample/s；开发了基于计算机并行多线程技术和同步技术的数据采集系统，解决了数据采集与存储中的数据溢出问题；采用空气耦合式UWB天线的双通道结构设计，实现了车载系统100KM/H的探测速度；以Matlab为开发平台，开发了一套模块化雷达图像处理软件：GIMAG。最后，以室内、室外应用实验和正演模型对比实验为例，对开发的探地雷达硬件和软件系统进行验证，数据处理结果表明室内实验中钢筋深度的探测精度可达到±0.77cm，室外实验也可快速的获取公路病害信息，验证了该新型探地雷达系统和处理软件在实际道路检测应用中的有效性。
With the rapid development of highway, pavement quality detection becomes quitesignificant. The main problem is how to acquire the pavement information fastly and accuratelywithout damage to the pavement structure and disturbing the regular highway drving speed, thuscapturing the quality and life cycle of the highway pavement. However, the detection efficiency ofthe existing ground-penetrating radar (GPR) equipments still can not fully meet the requirementsof high-speed detection. This research presents efforts to overcome these constraint and limitationsby developing a new UWB GPR system that can be mounted at the bottom side of the vehicle. Thepulse generated based on the step recovery diodeis used as the transmitted signal and the real-timesampling rate can be up to8Gsample/s. According to the computer parallel multi-thread andsynchronous technology, a GPR data acquisition system is designed and developed, solving thedata overflow problem between data acquisition and storage. The vehicle-borne system can beoperated detection at the speed of100KM/H by employing the antenna design with air coupledUWB dual-channel structure. A modular radar image processing software GIMAGE is designedand developed in the Matlab environment. Finally, indoor and outdoor application tests areperformed by using this GPR system, as well as the forward simulation. The indoor tests resultsshow that the detection accuracy of the rebar depth is±0.77cm, and the outdoor experiment canacquire the disease information of the highway quickly, effectiveness of the actual road detectionapplication for the new ground-penetrating radar system and the new software are verified.
With the rapid development of highway, pavement quality detection becomes quitesignificant. The main problem is how to acquire the pavement information fastly and accuratelywithout damage to the pavement structure and disturbing the regular highway drving speed, thuscapturing the quality and life cycle of the highway pavement. However, the detection efficiency ofthe existing ground-penetrating radar (GPR) equipments still can not fully meet the requirementsof high-speed detection. This research presents efforts to overcome these constraint and limitationsby developing a new UWB GPR system that can be mounted at the bottom side of the vehicle. Thepulse generated based on the step recovery diodeis used as the transmitted signal and the real-timesampling rate can be up to8Gsample/s. According to the computer parallel multi-thread andsynchronous technology, a GPR data acquisition system is designed and developed, solving thedata overflow problem between data acquisition and storage. The vehicle-borne system can beoperated detection at the speed of100KM/H by employing the antenna design with air coupledUWB dual-channel structure. A modular radar image processing software GIMAGE is designedand developed in the Matlab environment. Finally, indoor and outdoor application tests areperformed by using this GPR system, as well as the forward simulation. The indoor tests resultsshow that the detection accuracy of the rebar depth is±0.77cm, and the outdoor experiment canacquire the disease information of the highway quickly, effectiveness of the actual road detectionapplication for the new ground-penetrating radar system and the new software are verified.
引文
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