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产业集群创新生态系统的构建及其治理研究
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摘要
创新能力不足是我国产业集群升级的最大瓶颈,如何围绕完善创新链来构建良好的创新生态系统是提高产业集群创新能力的重要路径。本文旨在从生态学的视角来揭示产业集群创新生态系统的结构及其进化机制,并探索其地方网络治理机制,以期为提高产业集群的创新能力和治理能力提供借鉴参考。
     首先,本文阐述了研究目的和意义,介绍了产业集群和创新生态系统理论的国内外研究现状,并指明了本文研究内容和研究方法。其次,对产业集群理论、创新系统理论、生态学理论等相关理论进行了回顾,并介绍了博弈论、协同理论、种群竞争理论等分析方法,从而为后续研究奠定理论基础和和方法支撑。然后,在与自然生态进行类比的基础上,构建了产业集群创新生态系统的“双钻石”空间结构框架模型,提出其创新种群按照功能可以分为原始创新种群、技术创新种群、创新服务种群、创新投入种群和制度创新种群。同时,分析了产业集群创新生态系统的自组织进化机制以及协同创新的演化博弈模型,研究了产业集群创新生态系统组织成员间的竞争协同进化机制、共生协同进化机制和捕食协同进化机制,并给出了平衡条件。进而,构建了基于多中心治理理论的产业集群创新生态系统治理结构模型,指出各治理主体的功能定位,并分别从从约束机制、激励机制和协调整合机制三方面来研究产业集群创新生态系统的地方网络治理机制。此外,在分析产业集群创新生态系统健康的基本内涵的基础上,从种群结构、创新环境、创新产出、可持续性等四个方面构建创新生态系统健康的评价指标体系,采用模糊层次综合评价法(FAHP)对产业集群创新生态系统健康进行综合评价,并以十堰商用车及零部件产业集群为例进行计算。在此基础上,以十堰商用车及零部件产业集群为研究对象进行案例分析,分析了其创新生态系统的发展现状及存在的问题,并给出种群结构的优化策略以及治理机制。最后,对全文进行总结,提出了本文研究的不足和主要创新点,并对此领域研究未来的发展趋势进行了展望。
     论文综合运用生态学理论、协同理论、博弈论等理论和方法,系统研究了产业集群创新生态系统的结构、进化机制和治理机制,研究成果有利于进一步完善集群创新网络系统,提高产业集群的创新绩效;有利于进一步规范地方政府的行为,提高地方政府的集群治理能力;有利于丰富和完善创新管理理论,为制定科技管理政策提供参考。
The insufficient innovation ability is one of the biggest bottlenecks for the upgrading of industrial clusters in China. Thus, it is an important way to structure the good innovative ecosystem around perfecting the innovative chain for improving the innovation ability of industrial clusters. From the ecological visual angle, this dissertation aims at exploring the structure evolutionary mechanism and local network governance mechanism of innovative ecosystem of industrial clusters, in order to offer reference to the improvement of innovation ability and governance ability of industrial clusters.
     First of all, this dissertation explains the purpose and meaning of this research, gives a systematic literature review about such theories as industrial clusters and innovative ecosystem, and points out the contents and approach of this research. Secondly, this dissertation reviews some relevant theories such as industrial cluster theory, innovation system theory and ecology theory, and introduces some analytical methods such as game theory, synergetics theory and population competition theory, in order to establish theoretical foundation and method support for the follow-up study. Then, on the basis of comparing with the natural ecology, this dissertation structures the "double-diamonds" space structure frame model of innovative ecosystem of industrial clusters, and proposes that the innovative population can be divided into original innovative population, technological innovation population, innovation service population, innovation input population and system innovation population. Meanwhile, this dissertation analyses the self-organizing evolution mechanism and games evolutionary model of innovative ecosystems of industrial cluster, studies three relations such as competition, intergrowth and predation between the members of innovative ecosystem, analyses their evolutionary mechanisms respectively, and provide the balance condition. And then, on the basis of Polycentric governance theory, this dissertation structures the governance structure model of innovative ecosystem, points out the functional localization of each governance subject, and gives three mechanisms of constraint mechanism, incentive mechanism and coordination mechanism separately to study the local network governance mechanism of innovative ecosystems of industrial cluster. In addition, on the basis of analysing the basic intension of the industry of innovation ecosystem, this dissertation degsins the index system of healthy evaluation from population structure, innovative environment, innovative output and sustainability, adopts the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to carry on comprehensive evaluation to the health of innovative ecosystem, and takes Shiyan commercial car and spare part industrial clusters for the example. On this basis, this dissertation carries on case analysis to the Shiyan commercial car and spare part industrial cluster, analyses the current situation and existing problem of its innovative ecosystem, and provide the optimization tactics of population's structure and governance mechanism. Finally, this dissertation summarizes the whloe research, puts forward the deficiency and the development trend of of this research.
     With the game theory, synergetics theory and population competition theory, game theory, etc.This dissertation explores the structure, evolutionary mechanism and local network governance mechanism of innovative ecosystem of industrial clusters, the results will help to perfect the innovative network of of industrial clusters, improve the innovative performance of industrial clusters. It also helps to standardize the behavior of the local government further, raise the governance ability of the local government. It also helps to perfect the innovative management theory, offer reference for the science and technology policy making.
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