辫状河三角洲相储层非均质性研究
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摘要
以新疆车排子东区新近系沙湾组为研究对象,运用沉积旋回对比、等高程(等厚)对比、沉积相变对比等方法,进行地层精细划分对比;分析沉积相标志,研究沉积微相类型、特征、分布规律和沉积模式;分析储层成岩作用和孔隙结构特征,开展微观非均质特征研究;揭示孔隙度、渗透率以及渗透率变异系数等参数在各沉积微相的分布特征,指出宏观非均质特征;揭示储层非均质性与油气分布的关系。
主要取得以下研究成果和认识:
(1)重新建立了地层格架,将车排子东区沙湾组划分为3个段、18个小层。
(2)认为车排子东区新近系沙湾组发育正常湖泊条件下的辫状河三角洲。沙湾组一段和二段主要发育辫状河三角洲前缘亚相,细分为水下分流河道、分流间湾和席状砂。沙湾组三段为辫状河三角洲平原亚相,细分为辫状河道和河道间湾。辫状河三角洲在整个沙湾组时期逐渐萎缩,研究区南部逐渐演变为滨浅湖亚相。
(3)分析了储层岩性特征和成岩作用特征,总结出孔隙结构类型和辫状河三角洲相储层微观非均质特征;认为辫状河三角洲前缘亚相水下分流河道砂体是辫状河三角洲的最优储层。
(4)研究了辫状河三角洲宏观非均质特征。认为辫状河三角洲平原亚相辫状河道微相层内非均质性和平面非均质性较强-强,层间非均质性中等-较强;辫状河三角洲前缘亚相水下分流河道微相层内非均质性和平面非均质性较强-强,层间非均质性中等-较弱,空间非均质程度小于辫状河道;辫状河三角洲前缘亚相席状砂微相层内非均质性和平面非均质性中等-较强,层间非均质性较强-强,空间非均质程度小于水下分流河道。
(5)阐明了储层非均质性与油气分布的关系。油气分布是否均匀主要决定于储层非均质性,非均质性强,则油气分布不均;油气的富集程度则受孔隙度、渗透率的大小以及储层非均质性共同影响,孔隙度、渗透率越大,则含油饱和度越大,而非均质性相对较弱的区域,砂体的含油气性更好。
This paper took the Shawan Formation in Neogene of Chepaizi East Area for example. Using traditional cycles contrast, uniform thickness contrast, deposition model trend contrast, and other methods and theories, the formation was subdivided and correlated finely. Analysing the sign of sedimentary facies, the facies type, distribution character and facies model were studied. Analysing pore structure and diagenesis, micro- heterogeneity model was established. The distribution of porosity, permeability and variation coefficient in each microfacies were researched and the macro-heterogeneity model was established, and the relation between reservior heterogeneity and the distribution of oil was researched too.
The following researching results and cognition were acquired mainly.
(1) The formation was correlated systematically and subdivided into 7 sand formation, 18 sublayers.
(2) The depositional system of Shawan Formation in Neogene of Chepaizi East Area was braided-delta-lacustrine facies. The first and second member of Shawan Formation was braided-delta front subfacies, which composed of underwater distributary channel, subaqueous interchannel and sand sheet. The third member of Shawan Formation was braided-delta plain subfacies, which was divided into braided channel and flood plain. The braided-delta died out downcoast.
(3) The pore structure types was generalized and micro- heterogeneity model was established. Underwater distributary channe was the best reservoir in braided-delta.
(4) The macro-heterogeneity model was established. Internal and plane heterogeneity of braided channel presented strong degree and interbedded heterogeneity presented middle-strong. Internal and plane heterogeneity of underwater distributary channel presented strong degree and interbedded heterogeneity presented middle-weak. Internal and plane heterogeneity of sand sheet presented middle to strong degree and interbedded heterogeneity presented strong. Steric heterogeneity of braided channel was stronger than underwater distributary channel, which was stronger than it of sand sheet.
(5) The relationship between oil distribution and reservoir heterogeneity was clarified. The homogeneous degree was determined by reservoir heterogeneity. The weaker heterogeneity was, the more uniform oil distribution presented. Oil abundance degree was affected by porosity, permeability and reservoir heterogeneity. Oil saturation and poroperm displayed direct ratio. Oil distributed in the area that presented herterogeneity of weaker level.
主要取得以下研究成果和认识:
(1)重新建立了地层格架,将车排子东区沙湾组划分为3个段、18个小层。
(2)认为车排子东区新近系沙湾组发育正常湖泊条件下的辫状河三角洲。沙湾组一段和二段主要发育辫状河三角洲前缘亚相,细分为水下分流河道、分流间湾和席状砂。沙湾组三段为辫状河三角洲平原亚相,细分为辫状河道和河道间湾。辫状河三角洲在整个沙湾组时期逐渐萎缩,研究区南部逐渐演变为滨浅湖亚相。
(3)分析了储层岩性特征和成岩作用特征,总结出孔隙结构类型和辫状河三角洲相储层微观非均质特征;认为辫状河三角洲前缘亚相水下分流河道砂体是辫状河三角洲的最优储层。
(4)研究了辫状河三角洲宏观非均质特征。认为辫状河三角洲平原亚相辫状河道微相层内非均质性和平面非均质性较强-强,层间非均质性中等-较强;辫状河三角洲前缘亚相水下分流河道微相层内非均质性和平面非均质性较强-强,层间非均质性中等-较弱,空间非均质程度小于辫状河道;辫状河三角洲前缘亚相席状砂微相层内非均质性和平面非均质性中等-较强,层间非均质性较强-强,空间非均质程度小于水下分流河道。
(5)阐明了储层非均质性与油气分布的关系。油气分布是否均匀主要决定于储层非均质性,非均质性强,则油气分布不均;油气的富集程度则受孔隙度、渗透率的大小以及储层非均质性共同影响,孔隙度、渗透率越大,则含油饱和度越大,而非均质性相对较弱的区域,砂体的含油气性更好。
This paper took the Shawan Formation in Neogene of Chepaizi East Area for example. Using traditional cycles contrast, uniform thickness contrast, deposition model trend contrast, and other methods and theories, the formation was subdivided and correlated finely. Analysing the sign of sedimentary facies, the facies type, distribution character and facies model were studied. Analysing pore structure and diagenesis, micro- heterogeneity model was established. The distribution of porosity, permeability and variation coefficient in each microfacies were researched and the macro-heterogeneity model was established, and the relation between reservior heterogeneity and the distribution of oil was researched too.
The following researching results and cognition were acquired mainly.
(1) The formation was correlated systematically and subdivided into 7 sand formation, 18 sublayers.
(2) The depositional system of Shawan Formation in Neogene of Chepaizi East Area was braided-delta-lacustrine facies. The first and second member of Shawan Formation was braided-delta front subfacies, which composed of underwater distributary channel, subaqueous interchannel and sand sheet. The third member of Shawan Formation was braided-delta plain subfacies, which was divided into braided channel and flood plain. The braided-delta died out downcoast.
(3) The pore structure types was generalized and micro- heterogeneity model was established. Underwater distributary channe was the best reservoir in braided-delta.
(4) The macro-heterogeneity model was established. Internal and plane heterogeneity of braided channel presented strong degree and interbedded heterogeneity presented middle-strong. Internal and plane heterogeneity of underwater distributary channel presented strong degree and interbedded heterogeneity presented middle-weak. Internal and plane heterogeneity of sand sheet presented middle to strong degree and interbedded heterogeneity presented strong. Steric heterogeneity of braided channel was stronger than underwater distributary channel, which was stronger than it of sand sheet.
(5) The relationship between oil distribution and reservoir heterogeneity was clarified. The homogeneous degree was determined by reservoir heterogeneity. The weaker heterogeneity was, the more uniform oil distribution presented. Oil abundance degree was affected by porosity, permeability and reservoir heterogeneity. Oil saturation and poroperm displayed direct ratio. Oil distributed in the area that presented herterogeneity of weaker level.
引文
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