机敏混凝土在钢筋锈蚀监测与防护中的应用研究
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摘要
本文的主要工作分为两部分：一部分是用机敏混凝土的压敏性进行钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋锈蚀监测：另一部分是用机敏混凝土pn结进行钢筋锈蚀防护。针对这两部分工作，分别进行了如下的研究：
一、应用机敏混凝土压敏性进行钢筋锈蚀监测：
1、在分析钢筋锈蚀膨胀研究现状的基础上，建立了新的钢筋锈蚀膨胀模型。由于混凝土拉压性能的不同，应用各向异性本构关系，并考虑保护层开裂以后，钢筋的锈蚀产物会有部分渗透到裂缝中，降低锈蚀产物对保护层的膨胀压力，对钢筋锈蚀膨胀应力进行了计算。
2、研究探讨了CFRC的压敏机理及应用其压敏性进行钢筋锈蚀监测的方法，结果表明用CFRC包裹层能有效地监测钢筋的状态。
二、应用机敏混凝土进行钢筋锈蚀的防护研究：
1、试验研究了SFRC的导电能力。SFRC的导电能力比素混凝土有所提高，但是由于钢纤维的锈蚀，SFRC的电阻仍然很大。
2、试验研究了由CFRC和SFRC制成的水泥基pn结。水泥基pn结有良好的单向导电性，并且随时间的增加反向饱和电流越小。且反向饱和电流的大小和纤维掺量有关。
3、利用机敏混凝土进行钢筋锈蚀防护进行了初步研究。①由于CFRC具有良好的导电能力，利用CFRC进行阴极防护，能有效的降低阴极防护驱动电压；②应用水泥基pn结的自建电场进行钢筋锈蚀防护，能在不降低结构性能的基础上提高钢筋的电子逸出功，使钢筋中的电子不易逸出，达到钢筋锈蚀防护的目的。
The brief research in this dissertation is twofold: one is the monitoring of the corrosion of reinforced bar in concrete by using the compression sensibility of smart concrete; the other is the prevention of the corrosion of reinforced bar by using the smart concrete pn junctions. Due to the two subjects, the following researches are carried out.
1. The monitoring of the corrosion of reinforced bar by using the compression sensibility of smart concrete: 1) A new model of corrosion expansion of reinforced bar are upbuilt to calculate the corrosion expansibility based on the analysis of research situation of reinforced bar corrosion. In this model the anisotropic constitutive models of concrete are introduced according to its different behaviors under compressive stress and tensile stress, and it is considered that a certain amount of rust product is carried away from the rust layer around the reinforcement and deposited within the open cracks after the cover cracked, which will reduce the expansive pressures. 2) The mechanisms of compression sensibility of smart concrete are studied, and the methods of applying its compression sensibility to monitor reinforcement corrosion are explored. It shows that it can effectively monitor the state of the reinforced bar
by bundling uniformly smart concrete around the reinforced bar.
2. The prevention of the corrosion of reinforced bar by using the smart concrete pn junctions. 1) The conductivity of SFRC is tested in experiments. The test studies show that SFRC has better electric conductivity than plain concrete, while the resistance is still remarkable because of the corrosion of steel fiber. At the beginning of the curing period, the resistance of SFRC increases rapidly, and then tends to stable. And the resistance will decrease with the increasing of the volume fraction of steel fiber. 2) The cement-based pn-junctions are tested in experiments. Experiments show that the cement-based pn-junctions have a good unilateral conductivity. The inverse saturation current decline as time goes
by and depend on the volume fraction of fiber. 3) The applications of smart concrete on the prevention of reinforcement corrosion are primarily explored. (1) CFRC can effectively reduce the driving voltage required by catholic protection because of its good electric conductivity; (2) Applying cement-based pn-junctions on the prevention of reinforcement corrosion. In the interface of p-type region and n-type region of pn junctions a self-built electric field will be formed, and its direction is from n-type region to p-type region. If the reinforced bars are bundled uniformly by the cement-based pn-junction and the SFRC is close to the reinforced bars, which can enhance the electron work function without any loss of the performance of structure, the cement-based pn-junctions will prevent the reinforced bars from corroding.
一、应用机敏混凝土压敏性进行钢筋锈蚀监测：
1、在分析钢筋锈蚀膨胀研究现状的基础上，建立了新的钢筋锈蚀膨胀模型。由于混凝土拉压性能的不同，应用各向异性本构关系，并考虑保护层开裂以后，钢筋的锈蚀产物会有部分渗透到裂缝中，降低锈蚀产物对保护层的膨胀压力，对钢筋锈蚀膨胀应力进行了计算。
2、研究探讨了CFRC的压敏机理及应用其压敏性进行钢筋锈蚀监测的方法，结果表明用CFRC包裹层能有效地监测钢筋的状态。
二、应用机敏混凝土进行钢筋锈蚀的防护研究：
1、试验研究了SFRC的导电能力。SFRC的导电能力比素混凝土有所提高，但是由于钢纤维的锈蚀，SFRC的电阻仍然很大。
2、试验研究了由CFRC和SFRC制成的水泥基pn结。水泥基pn结有良好的单向导电性，并且随时间的增加反向饱和电流越小。且反向饱和电流的大小和纤维掺量有关。
3、利用机敏混凝土进行钢筋锈蚀防护进行了初步研究。①由于CFRC具有良好的导电能力，利用CFRC进行阴极防护，能有效的降低阴极防护驱动电压；②应用水泥基pn结的自建电场进行钢筋锈蚀防护，能在不降低结构性能的基础上提高钢筋的电子逸出功，使钢筋中的电子不易逸出，达到钢筋锈蚀防护的目的。
The brief research in this dissertation is twofold: one is the monitoring of the corrosion of reinforced bar in concrete by using the compression sensibility of smart concrete; the other is the prevention of the corrosion of reinforced bar by using the smart concrete pn junctions. Due to the two subjects, the following researches are carried out.
1. The monitoring of the corrosion of reinforced bar by using the compression sensibility of smart concrete: 1) A new model of corrosion expansion of reinforced bar are upbuilt to calculate the corrosion expansibility based on the analysis of research situation of reinforced bar corrosion. In this model the anisotropic constitutive models of concrete are introduced according to its different behaviors under compressive stress and tensile stress, and it is considered that a certain amount of rust product is carried away from the rust layer around the reinforcement and deposited within the open cracks after the cover cracked, which will reduce the expansive pressures. 2) The mechanisms of compression sensibility of smart concrete are studied, and the methods of applying its compression sensibility to monitor reinforcement corrosion are explored. It shows that it can effectively monitor the state of the reinforced bar
by bundling uniformly smart concrete around the reinforced bar.
2. The prevention of the corrosion of reinforced bar by using the smart concrete pn junctions. 1) The conductivity of SFRC is tested in experiments. The test studies show that SFRC has better electric conductivity than plain concrete, while the resistance is still remarkable because of the corrosion of steel fiber. At the beginning of the curing period, the resistance of SFRC increases rapidly, and then tends to stable. And the resistance will decrease with the increasing of the volume fraction of steel fiber. 2) The cement-based pn-junctions are tested in experiments. Experiments show that the cement-based pn-junctions have a good unilateral conductivity. The inverse saturation current decline as time goes
by and depend on the volume fraction of fiber. 3) The applications of smart concrete on the prevention of reinforcement corrosion are primarily explored. (1) CFRC can effectively reduce the driving voltage required by catholic protection because of its good electric conductivity; (2) Applying cement-based pn-junctions on the prevention of reinforcement corrosion. In the interface of p-type region and n-type region of pn junctions a self-built electric field will be formed, and its direction is from n-type region to p-type region. If the reinforced bars are bundled uniformly by the cement-based pn-junction and the SFRC is close to the reinforced bars, which can enhance the electron work function without any loss of the performance of structure, the cement-based pn-junctions will prevent the reinforced bars from corroding.
引文
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