机敏混凝土结构的温差变形自调节研究
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摘要
本论文的研究课题来源于国家自然科学基金重点项目(项目编号：50238040)。
混凝土是土木工程中应用最广泛的结构材料，重大工程结构的使用期长达几十年、甚至上百年。但常见的混凝土工程结构往往处在环境、气候较为恶劣的情况下，尤其是水工混凝土建筑物如混凝土坝等结构，温度荷载是其主要荷载之一，温度的正负交替会引起结构的不均匀变形、裂缝、冻融破坏、疲劳破坏等，这些因素将影响结构的正常使用甚至引发灾难性的事故。另外，混凝土结构在长期的服役过程中，由于荷载的作用、徐变、结构内部温差等多种因素的影响，存在结构变形，这种变形有时会影响结构的正常工作。如常磁悬浮列车的线路路面的苛刻平整度要求问题，由于温度变化所引起的路面桥梁结构的徐变而影响列车的速度和全天候运行。因此，重大土木工程结构和基础设施的诊断与控制方法与技术已成为土木工程领域的重要研究课题。
以混凝土结构的温度、变形自调节为目的，研制了集功能特性与结构性能于一体的机敏混凝土叠层梁结构，并从理论分析、数值模拟、实验等多方面进行结构的驱动、传感功能以及结构自检测、自调节等若干问题的研究。本文的主要成果及创新之处如下：
1、利用碳纤维机敏混凝土的功能特性，并利用叠层结构的功能可复合性与材料特性可设计性，研制了集传感与驱动等功能特性和结构性能于一体的碳纤维(毡)机敏混凝土叠层结构，并通过实验研究分析了叠层梁的电热效应和电热响应，得到叠层梁的电热驱动规律，为结构的温差、变形调节提供实验依据。
2、将输入功率处理为热传导边界条件，建立了机敏混凝土叠层梁电-热-力耦合问题的数学模型，并结合热弹性理论获得了机敏混凝土梁结构内部温度场、应力场及变形响应的解析解。结果显示：碳纤维机敏混凝土覆层电热效应驱动下的梁内温升及变形与输入功率成正比，变形主要由梁上下表面的温差引起，稳定温差导致梁稳定的变形；并将该解析解与实验进行了对比，其结果与实验结果规律相同。该解析解为机敏混凝土结构温差与变形自调节提供了重要理论基础。
3、建立了混凝土叠层梁电一热一力祸合的有限元平面和三维模型，利用Marc
有限元软件进行数值计算，将所得结果与解析结果及实验结果进行比较，进一
步验证了理论模型的可行性和有限元数值模拟的有效性。在有限元数值模拟过
程中，分别对有钢筋和无钢筋的机敏混凝土结构的电、热性能的影响进行了分
析。结果显示:由于混凝土的热学参数与力学参数与钢筋相差甚远，导致有筋
叠层梁的电热温度场及变形与无筋叠层梁不同，在箍筋附近的表面，发热面温
度比无筋处略低，而低温面则相反:梁的变形比无筋叠层梁小;但钢筋对结构
的电性能无明显影响。该问题的研究为实际钢筋混凝土结构的运用打下必要的
基础。
4、通过对碳纤维机敏混凝土的温敏性、以及温敏混凝土的布置设计研究，
从结构层次上首次实施了碳纤维水泥基复合材料的温度、温差、变形自监测、
温度与变形自调节的功能。具体研究了短切碳纤维(毡)混凝土叠层梁的温敏
性和Seebeck效应，并实施了温度、温差在线检测;提出了在温度调节过程中，
叠层梁变形检测的温度补偿。
5、针对电热作动系统大惯性、大迟延的特点，提出了采用模糊与神经网络
相结合的控制方法对叠层梁的温差、变形进行调节:并通过实验研究了叠层梁
的温差与变形的自调节，从实验结果可知，利用碳纤维机敏混凝土覆层的电热
效应及热力效应，能有效、准确地实现梁结构的温差、变形调节。
本文研究成果，对机敏混凝土结构的自诊断与自调节的应用具有重要指导
意义，对智能混凝土的发展具有一定的推动作用。
This dissertation was supported by the Key Project of National Science Foundation under grants No. 50238040.
Concrete is one of popular engineering structural materials. Some momentous concrete structures must be used for decades even hundreds years. Regular concrete structures for water conservancy usually work in abominable climate and environment, such as concrete dams. Temperature is main load of these structures, and alternant between positive and negative temperature would cause asymmetric deformation, crack, freezing-thawing damage and fatigue damage of structures, affecting their normal work and even resulting in disasters. In addition, Cement structures such as bridges often come into being distortion or excessive temperature stresses due to the sun radiation, creep, or shrinkage. MAGLEV railway is a good example. The flatness of MAGLEV railway is one of the most important factors restricting speed of MAGLEV trains. Therefore, study of diagnostic and control method for momentous structures is important in construction engineering.
Some research works were done to adjust temperature differential and deformation of carbon fiber mat concrete laminate beams which were possessed of multi-function, in addition to their structural performance. The study involved theoretical derivation, finite element simulation and experimental research.
The following conclusions and innovation can be obtained:
Firstly, carbon fiber mat concrete laminate beams possessed of sensing and acting functions and structural performance were designed and fabricated according to the sensing and acting functions of carbon fiber concrete and multiple and designable functions of laminate structures. Experimental researches were done for electro-thermal effects of the laminate beams. Laws of electro-thermal effects and response of the samples were obtained, which are the basis of self-adjustment.
Secondly, the theoretical model was set up for electro-thermal-mechanical problem of smart concrete laminate beams, and then temperature stress and deformation responses driven by the electro-thermal effect of a type of carbon fiber mat cement beams were studied. The results shows that the temperature increment and deformation driven by electro-thermal effects of the carbon fiber mat laminate beams is proportional to input electrical power, and the deformation is mainly caused by the temperature differential between the top and bottom surface. Stable temperature differential determines stable deflection of the beam. The theoretical results are similar to the experimental results. The theoretical results are important basis of self-adjustment.
Thirdly, infinite element plain and three-dimentional models were set up for
electro-thermal -mechanical problem. Numerical simulate analysis was done using MARC infinite element software. The results are similar to the experimental results and theoretical results, which could verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the vadility of the numerical simulate analysis. In this dissertation, some simulate researches were done to analyze the electro-thermal-mechanical effects of the steel reinforced concrete laminate beams. The results show that temperature field and deformation driven by the electro-thermal-mechanical effects of the steel reinforced concrete laminate beams are different from laminate beams without steel bars due to difference of their thermal and mechanical parameters. But steel bars have little influence on the electrical features of the samples.
The forth, according to the temperature-sensing and Seebeck effects of carbon fiber reinforced concrete, some transducers were designed and disposed. The temperature-sensing and Seebeck effects of carbon fiber (mat) reinforced concrete were researched. In order to eliminate the interfere of input power, an insulated interface was used. Then temperature and temperature differential were detected on line. Temperature compensate method was proposed to detect the deformation in the course of the temperature adjustment.
Fuzzy and neural netwo
混凝土是土木工程中应用最广泛的结构材料，重大工程结构的使用期长达几十年、甚至上百年。但常见的混凝土工程结构往往处在环境、气候较为恶劣的情况下，尤其是水工混凝土建筑物如混凝土坝等结构，温度荷载是其主要荷载之一，温度的正负交替会引起结构的不均匀变形、裂缝、冻融破坏、疲劳破坏等，这些因素将影响结构的正常使用甚至引发灾难性的事故。另外，混凝土结构在长期的服役过程中，由于荷载的作用、徐变、结构内部温差等多种因素的影响，存在结构变形，这种变形有时会影响结构的正常工作。如常磁悬浮列车的线路路面的苛刻平整度要求问题，由于温度变化所引起的路面桥梁结构的徐变而影响列车的速度和全天候运行。因此，重大土木工程结构和基础设施的诊断与控制方法与技术已成为土木工程领域的重要研究课题。
以混凝土结构的温度、变形自调节为目的，研制了集功能特性与结构性能于一体的机敏混凝土叠层梁结构，并从理论分析、数值模拟、实验等多方面进行结构的驱动、传感功能以及结构自检测、自调节等若干问题的研究。本文的主要成果及创新之处如下：
1、利用碳纤维机敏混凝土的功能特性，并利用叠层结构的功能可复合性与材料特性可设计性，研制了集传感与驱动等功能特性和结构性能于一体的碳纤维(毡)机敏混凝土叠层结构，并通过实验研究分析了叠层梁的电热效应和电热响应，得到叠层梁的电热驱动规律，为结构的温差、变形调节提供实验依据。
2、将输入功率处理为热传导边界条件，建立了机敏混凝土叠层梁电-热-力耦合问题的数学模型，并结合热弹性理论获得了机敏混凝土梁结构内部温度场、应力场及变形响应的解析解。结果显示：碳纤维机敏混凝土覆层电热效应驱动下的梁内温升及变形与输入功率成正比，变形主要由梁上下表面的温差引起，稳定温差导致梁稳定的变形；并将该解析解与实验进行了对比，其结果与实验结果规律相同。该解析解为机敏混凝土结构温差与变形自调节提供了重要理论基础。
3、建立了混凝土叠层梁电一热一力祸合的有限元平面和三维模型，利用Marc
有限元软件进行数值计算，将所得结果与解析结果及实验结果进行比较，进一
步验证了理论模型的可行性和有限元数值模拟的有效性。在有限元数值模拟过
程中，分别对有钢筋和无钢筋的机敏混凝土结构的电、热性能的影响进行了分
析。结果显示:由于混凝土的热学参数与力学参数与钢筋相差甚远，导致有筋
叠层梁的电热温度场及变形与无筋叠层梁不同，在箍筋附近的表面，发热面温
度比无筋处略低，而低温面则相反:梁的变形比无筋叠层梁小;但钢筋对结构
的电性能无明显影响。该问题的研究为实际钢筋混凝土结构的运用打下必要的
基础。
4、通过对碳纤维机敏混凝土的温敏性、以及温敏混凝土的布置设计研究，
从结构层次上首次实施了碳纤维水泥基复合材料的温度、温差、变形自监测、
温度与变形自调节的功能。具体研究了短切碳纤维(毡)混凝土叠层梁的温敏
性和Seebeck效应，并实施了温度、温差在线检测;提出了在温度调节过程中，
叠层梁变形检测的温度补偿。
5、针对电热作动系统大惯性、大迟延的特点，提出了采用模糊与神经网络
相结合的控制方法对叠层梁的温差、变形进行调节:并通过实验研究了叠层梁
的温差与变形的自调节，从实验结果可知，利用碳纤维机敏混凝土覆层的电热
效应及热力效应，能有效、准确地实现梁结构的温差、变形调节。
本文研究成果，对机敏混凝土结构的自诊断与自调节的应用具有重要指导
意义，对智能混凝土的发展具有一定的推动作用。
This dissertation was supported by the Key Project of National Science Foundation under grants No. 50238040.
Concrete is one of popular engineering structural materials. Some momentous concrete structures must be used for decades even hundreds years. Regular concrete structures for water conservancy usually work in abominable climate and environment, such as concrete dams. Temperature is main load of these structures, and alternant between positive and negative temperature would cause asymmetric deformation, crack, freezing-thawing damage and fatigue damage of structures, affecting their normal work and even resulting in disasters. In addition, Cement structures such as bridges often come into being distortion or excessive temperature stresses due to the sun radiation, creep, or shrinkage. MAGLEV railway is a good example. The flatness of MAGLEV railway is one of the most important factors restricting speed of MAGLEV trains. Therefore, study of diagnostic and control method for momentous structures is important in construction engineering.
Some research works were done to adjust temperature differential and deformation of carbon fiber mat concrete laminate beams which were possessed of multi-function, in addition to their structural performance. The study involved theoretical derivation, finite element simulation and experimental research.
The following conclusions and innovation can be obtained:
Firstly, carbon fiber mat concrete laminate beams possessed of sensing and acting functions and structural performance were designed and fabricated according to the sensing and acting functions of carbon fiber concrete and multiple and designable functions of laminate structures. Experimental researches were done for electro-thermal effects of the laminate beams. Laws of electro-thermal effects and response of the samples were obtained, which are the basis of self-adjustment.
Secondly, the theoretical model was set up for electro-thermal-mechanical problem of smart concrete laminate beams, and then temperature stress and deformation responses driven by the electro-thermal effect of a type of carbon fiber mat cement beams were studied. The results shows that the temperature increment and deformation driven by electro-thermal effects of the carbon fiber mat laminate beams is proportional to input electrical power, and the deformation is mainly caused by the temperature differential between the top and bottom surface. Stable temperature differential determines stable deflection of the beam. The theoretical results are similar to the experimental results. The theoretical results are important basis of self-adjustment.
Thirdly, infinite element plain and three-dimentional models were set up for
electro-thermal -mechanical problem. Numerical simulate analysis was done using MARC infinite element software. The results are similar to the experimental results and theoretical results, which could verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the vadility of the numerical simulate analysis. In this dissertation, some simulate researches were done to analyze the electro-thermal-mechanical effects of the steel reinforced concrete laminate beams. The results show that temperature field and deformation driven by the electro-thermal-mechanical effects of the steel reinforced concrete laminate beams are different from laminate beams without steel bars due to difference of their thermal and mechanical parameters. But steel bars have little influence on the electrical features of the samples.
The forth, according to the temperature-sensing and Seebeck effects of carbon fiber reinforced concrete, some transducers were designed and disposed. The temperature-sensing and Seebeck effects of carbon fiber (mat) reinforced concrete were researched. In order to eliminate the interfere of input power, an insulated interface was used. Then temperature and temperature differential were detected on line. Temperature compensate method was proposed to detect the deformation in the course of the temperature adjustment.
Fuzzy and neural netwo
引文
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45. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Electrical behavior of cement-based junctions including the pn-junction. Cement and concrete research, 2001,31:129-133.
46. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Cement-based thermocouples. Cement and concrete research, 2001,31:507-510.
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49. Farhad Reza, Gordon B. Batson, Jerry A. Yamamuro, et al. Volume Electrical Resistivity of Carbon Fiber Cement Composites. ACI Materials Journal, 2001,98(1): 25-35
50．唐祖全．碳纤维机敏混凝土路面结构融雪化冰性能研究：[博士学位论文]．武汉理工大学工程结构与力学系，2002：16-20
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52．唐祖全，李卓球，张华．混凝士路面温度自诊断特性的实验研究．工程力学(增刊)，200I(Ⅱ)：228-232．
53. Pu-Woei Chen, D.D.L.Chung. Carbon-fiber-reinforced concrete as an intrinsically smart concrete for damage assessment during dynamic loading. J. American Ceramic Society, 1995, 78(3): 816-818.
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56. Xuli Fu, D.D.L.Chung. Improving the strain-sensing ability of carbon fiber-reinforced cement by ozone treatment of the fibers., Cement and Concrete Research 1998, 28(2): 183-187.
57. Dragos-Marian, DDL Chung, Damage in carbon fiber-reinforced concrete, monitored by electrical resistance measurement, Cement and Concrete Research 2000, 30 (4): 651-659
58. Yunsheng Xu and D.D.L. Chung, Cement-Based Materials Improved by Surface Treated Admixtures, ACI Mater. J. 2000, 97(3): 333-342.
59. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung, Carbon fiber-reinforced cement as a strain-sensing coating, Cement and Concrete Research, 2001, 31: 665-667.
60. Shi, D.D.L. Chung, Carbon fiber-reinforced concrete for traffic monitoring and weighing in motion Zeng-Qiang Cement and Concrete Research 1999, 29: 435-439.
61. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Defect dynamics of cement paste under repeated compression studied by electrical resistivity measurement. Cement and Concrete Research, 2001, 31:
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62. Jingyao Cao, D.D.L. Chung Defect dynamics and damage of concrete under repeated compression, studied by electrical resistance measurement Cement and Concrete Research 2001, 31: 1639-1642
63. Jingyao Cao, D.D.L. Chung. Minor damage of cement mortar during cyclic compression monitored by electrical resistivity measurement. Cement and Concrete Research 2001, 31: 1519-1521
64. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung, Uniaxial compression in carbon fiber-reinforced cement, sensed by electrical resistivity measurement in longitudinal and transverse directions, Cement and Concrete Research 2001, 31: 297-301
65．毛起炤，赵斌元，沈大荣，李卓球等．水泥基碳纤维复合材料压敏性的研究．复合材料学报，1996，13(4)：8-11．
66．毛起炤，杨元霞，沈大荣，李卓球．碳纤维增强水泥压敏性影响因素的研究，硅酸盐学报，1997：25(6)：734-737．
67. Mao Qizhao, Chen Pinhua, Zhao Binyuan, Li Z,, Vol.huoqiu, A Study on the Compression Sensibility and Mechanical Model of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement Smart Material, ACTA MECHANICA SOLIDA SINICA, 1997, 10: 338-344.
68．毛起炤，陈品华，赵斌元，李卓球，沈大荣．小应力下碳纤维增强水泥的压敏性和温敏性，材料研究学报，1997，11(3)：322-324．
69．毛起炤，赵斌元，沈大荣，李卓球．极化效应对碳纤维增强水泥的导电性的影响，材料研究学报，1997，11(2)：195-198．
70．王秀峰，王永兰，金志浩．碳纤维增强水泥复合材料的机敏性．硅酸盐学报，1998，26(3)：253-257．
71．周振君，杨正方．带有碳涂层的尼龙纤维增强混凝土的机敏性研究．硅酸盐学报，2001，29(2)：192-195．
72．郑立霞，宋显辉，李卓球，王建军．碳纤维增强水泥在受压时的电容测量．混凝土，2003，3：25—27．
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16. Xiaoming Yang, D.D.L. Chung. Latex-Modified Cement Mortar Reinforced by Short Carbon Fibers. Composites, 1992,23(6): 453-460.
17. Pu-Woei Chen, D.D.L. Chung. Concrete Reinforced with up to 0.2 vol.％ of Short Carbon
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18. Pu-Woei Chen, Xuli Fu, D.D.L.Chung. Microstructural and Mechanical Effects of Latex, Methylcellulose and Silica Fume on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement. ACI Materials Journal, 1997,94(2): 147-155.
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29．毛起炤，赵斌元，沈大荣等．极化效应对碳纤维增强水泥(CFRC)导电性的影响．材料研究学报，1997，11(2)：195-198．
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31. Xuli Fu, D.D.L. Chung. Effects of Silica Fume, Latex, Methylcellulose, and Carbon Fibers on the Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat of Cement Paste. Cement and Concrete Research, 1997,27(12): 1799-1804
32. Xuli Fu, D.D.L. Chung. Effect of Admixtures on the Thermal and Thermomechanical Behavior of Cement Paste. ACI Materials Journal, 1999, 96(4): 455-461
33. Yunsheng Xu, D.D.L. Chung. Increasing the Specific Heat of Cement Paste by Admixture Surface Treatments. Cement and Concrete Research, 1999,29(7): 1117-1121
34. Yunsheng Xu, D.D.L. Chung. Effect of Sand Addition on the Specific Heat and Thermal Conductivity of Cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 2000,30(1): 59-61
35. Yunsheng Xu, D.D.L. Chung. Cement of High Specific Heat and High Thermal Conductivity, Obtained by Using Silane and Silica Fume as Admixtures. Cement and Concrete Research, 2000,30(7): 1175-1178
36. Pu-Woei Chen, D.D.L. Chung. Effect of Polymer Addition on the Thermal Stability and Thermal Expansion of Cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 1995, 25(3): 465-469
37．孙明清，李卓球，沈大荣．碳纤维水泥基复合材料的Seebeck效应．材料研究学报，1998，12(1)：111-112
38. Sun Mingqing, Li Zhuoqiu, Mao Qizhao, et al. Study on the hole conduction phenomena in carbon fiber reinforced concrete. Cement and Concrete Research. 1998:28(4):549-553
39．孙明清，李卓球，毛起熠等．CFRC塞贝克效应的主要影响因素．材料研究学报，1998，12(3)：329-331
40. M. Sun, Z.Li, Q.Mao, D.Shen. Study on thermal self-monitoring of carbon fiber reinforced concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 1999:29(5): 769-771.
41. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Seebeck Effect in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 1999,29(12): 1989-1993.
42. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Enhancing the Seebeck effect in carbon fiber-reinforced cement by using intercalated carbon fibers. Cement and Concrete Research 30 (2000) 1295-1298.
43. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Enhancing the Seebeck Effect in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement by Using Intercalated Carbon Fibers. Cement and Concrete Research, 2000,30(8): 1295-1298.
44. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Seebeck Effect in Steel Fiber Reinforced Cement, Cement and Concrete Research, 2000,30(4): 661-664.
45. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Electrical behavior of cement-based junctions including the pn-junction. Cement and concrete research, 2001,31:129-133.
46. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Cement-based thermocouples. Cement and concrete research, 2001,31:507-510.
47．张跃，职任涛，朱逢吾等．碳纤维(LCF)-无宏观缺陷(MDF)水泥基复合材料电学性能的研究．材料科学进展，1992，6(4)：357-362
48. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Cement as a Thermistor. Cement and Concrete Research, 1999,29(6): 961-965
49. Farhad Reza, Gordon B. Batson, Jerry A. Yamamuro, et al. Volume Electrical Resistivity of Carbon Fiber Cement Composites. ACI Materials Journal, 2001,98(1): 25-35
50．唐祖全．碳纤维机敏混凝土路面结构融雪化冰性能研究：[博士学位论文]．武汉理工大学工程结构与力学系，2002：16-20
51．唐祖全，李卓球，徐东亮．CFRC路面材料的温敏性研究．武汉理工大学学报，2001，23(3)：5-7．
52．唐祖全，李卓球，张华．混凝士路面温度自诊断特性的实验研究．工程力学(增刊)，200I(Ⅱ)：228-232．
53. Pu-Woei Chen, D.D.L.Chung. Carbon-fiber-reinforced concrete as an intrinsically smart concrete for damage assessment during dynamic loading. J. American Ceramic Society, 1995, 78(3): 816-818.
54. Xuli Fu, D.D.L.Chung. Self-monitoring of fatigue damage in carbon fiber reinforced Cement and Concrete Research, 1996, 26(1): 15-20.
55. Xuli Fu, D.D.L.Chung. Effect of curing age on the self-monitoring behaviour of carbon fiber reinforced mortar. Cement and Concrete Research, 1997, 27(9), 1313-1318.
56. Xuli Fu, D.D.L.Chung. Improving the strain-sensing ability of carbon fiber-reinforced cement by ozone treatment of the fibers., Cement and Concrete Research 1998, 28(2): 183-187.
57. Dragos-Marian, DDL Chung, Damage in carbon fiber-reinforced concrete, monitored by electrical resistance measurement, Cement and Concrete Research 2000, 30 (4): 651-659
58. Yunsheng Xu and D.D.L. Chung, Cement-Based Materials Improved by Surface Treated Admixtures, ACI Mater. J. 2000, 97(3): 333-342.
59. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung, Carbon fiber-reinforced cement as a strain-sensing coating, Cement and Concrete Research, 2001, 31: 665-667.
60. Shi, D.D.L. Chung, Carbon fiber-reinforced concrete for traffic monitoring and weighing in motion Zeng-Qiang Cement and Concrete Research 1999, 29: 435-439.
61. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung. Defect dynamics of cement paste under repeated compression studied by electrical resistivity measurement. Cement and Concrete Research, 2001, 31:
1515-1518
62. Jingyao Cao, D.D.L. Chung Defect dynamics and damage of concrete under repeated compression, studied by electrical resistance measurement Cement and Concrete Research 2001, 31: 1639-1642
63. Jingyao Cao, D.D.L. Chung. Minor damage of cement mortar during cyclic compression monitored by electrical resistivity measurement. Cement and Concrete Research 2001, 31: 1519-1521
64. Sihai Wen, D.D.L. Chung, Uniaxial compression in carbon fiber-reinforced cement, sensed by electrical resistivity measurement in longitudinal and transverse directions, Cement and Concrete Research 2001, 31: 297-301
65．毛起炤，赵斌元，沈大荣，李卓球等．水泥基碳纤维复合材料压敏性的研究．复合材料学报，1996，13(4)：8-11．
66．毛起炤，杨元霞，沈大荣，李卓球．碳纤维增强水泥压敏性影响因素的研究，硅酸盐学报，1997：25(6)：734-737．
67. Mao Qizhao, Chen Pinhua, Zhao Binyuan, Li Z,, Vol.huoqiu, A Study on the Compression Sensibility and Mechanical Model of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement Smart Material, ACTA MECHANICA SOLIDA SINICA, 1997, 10: 338-344.
68．毛起炤，陈品华，赵斌元，李卓球，沈大荣．小应力下碳纤维增强水泥的压敏性和温敏性，材料研究学报，1997，11(3)：322-324．
69．毛起炤，赵斌元，沈大荣，李卓球．极化效应对碳纤维增强水泥的导电性的影响，材料研究学报，1997，11(2)：195-198．
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