产业链视角下种子生产商资源对利益分配影响的实证研究
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摘要
种子是生产中最基本、最重要的生产资料,也是农业科技的重要载体,我国是一个农业大国,种子市场已日趋成为国际种业竞争的焦点,但是我国种子企业的整体竞争力不强,新品种研发、品种改良等都没有得到应有的重视,这在一定程度上制约了我国国民经济的快速、稳定增长。因此保持种子产业链的健康稳健发展意义非常重大。利益的合理分配是产业链稳定发展和整体绩效提升的主要保障。目前,随着我国种子市场的放开,多种主体参与市场,竞争日趋激烈,为了获得更多的利益,产业链各主体间的矛盾也日益加深。因此,本文将对影响产业链利益分配的资源要素进行深入分析,同时将渠道行为作为中介变量纳入到研究模型中,探讨资源、渠道权力对种子产业链中生产商利益分配的影响机理,以期为种子产业链利益分配提供指导。
本文首先在总结有关资源、渠道权力与利益分配等研究的基础上,分别对各要素进行了定义、分类及量化,同时在文献研究及实地调查的基础上,确定了三者之间的关系,进而构建了理论模型,提出了假设,最后基于长江中下游121家大中小型不同性质种子企业的调研资料,通过描述性统计分析、相关分析和回归分析,得出以下主要结论：
1、种子生产商内部资源和社会资本与其在产业链中所得到的利益分配呈显著正向关系。即种子生产企业所拥有的内部资源和社会资本越多,其在产业链中的所获得的利益分配就越多。
2、种子生产商内部资源和社会资本均与其渠道强制性权力和非强制性权力有显著的正向关系。即种子生产商拥有的内部资源和社会资本越多,其渠道强制性权力和非强制性权力越强。
3、种子生产商对代理商的强制性权力和非强制性权力与其在产业链中的利益分配呈显著正向关系。即生产商对代理商的强制性权力和非强制性权力越大,那么在产业链中所获得的利益分配就越多。
4、种子生产商资源通过其渠道权力这一中介变量对在产业链中的利益分配的影响体现为：渠道强制性权力和非强制性强力为部分中介,社会资本通过强制性权力和非强制性权力对利益分配的影响较大,比例分别为23.8%和22.8%,而内部资源通过强制性权力和非强制性权力对利益分配的影响较小,比例分别为8.4%和11.5%。
基于上述结论,本研究为种子生产企业在产业链中如何提高其利益分配份额提出了建议,同时也为政府和相关行业管理者如何促进种子产业的有序发展提出了建议。
The seed is the most basic and important production material, also is an important carrier of agricultural science and technology, China is a large agricultural nation, seeds market has increasingly become the focus of competition of international seed industry but the overall competitiveness of our country's seed enterprises is not strong, new Variety of R & D, varietal improvement is not receiving the attention it deserves, To some extent,It has restricted the rapid and steady growth of national economy. So keep healthy and stable development of seed industry it is significant, reasonable distribution of the industry chain's interests is the main protection for the chain's stable development and overall performance improvement. Now, along with our country's seed market liberalization,variety of subject participate in market competition, fierce competition becomes increasingly, in order to obtain more interest, In the industry chain,the contradiction between different subjects are also increasingly deepen. Therefore, this article will makes a deep analysis of resource factors which influence the distribution of interests of industrial chain, and will get the channel behavioral as intermediary variable into the research model, discusses the influence Mechanism of resources, Channel power for the supplier interests distribution, so as to provide some guidances to the seed industry chain's interests distribution.
This paper firstly on the basis of study in summarizing the resources, channel power and benefit distribution, various elements were defined, classified and quantified, at the same time,on the base of the literature research and practical investigation determined the relationship between the three,and then build the theoretical model, puts forward the assumptions, the last on the Yangtze River 121 companies large and small seeds of different types of research data analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis, the following conclusions:
1.The internal resources and social capital of seed producers and the seed producers' benefits in the industrial chain was a significant positive relationship. Seed production enterprises that have internal resources and social capital more,who will get more distribution benefits in the industrial chain.
2.The internal resources and social capital of seed producers and the channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower was a significant positive relationship. Seed production enterprises that have internal resources and social capital more,who will get more coercivepower and non-coercivepower.
3.Seed producers' channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower for the agents and benefits distribution in the industrial chain was a significant positive relationship. Seed production enterprises that have channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower more,who will get more distribution benefits in the industrial chain.
4.Seed producers'resources to channels power through the intermediary variables on benefits distribution in the industrial chain reflected:channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower are part of intermediary, social capital through the coercivepower and non-coercivepower has a larger influence to the interests distribution,the ratio was 23.8% and 22.8%, while the internal resources through the coercivepower and non-coercivepower has a smaller influence to the interests distribution, the ratio was 8.4% and 11.5%.
Based on the above conclusions, the study for the seed production enterprises how to increase its share interests distribution in the industrial chain made recommendations, but also made recommendations for the government and relevant industry executives how to promote the orderly development of seed industry.
本文首先在总结有关资源、渠道权力与利益分配等研究的基础上,分别对各要素进行了定义、分类及量化,同时在文献研究及实地调查的基础上,确定了三者之间的关系,进而构建了理论模型,提出了假设,最后基于长江中下游121家大中小型不同性质种子企业的调研资料,通过描述性统计分析、相关分析和回归分析,得出以下主要结论：
1、种子生产商内部资源和社会资本与其在产业链中所得到的利益分配呈显著正向关系。即种子生产企业所拥有的内部资源和社会资本越多,其在产业链中的所获得的利益分配就越多。
2、种子生产商内部资源和社会资本均与其渠道强制性权力和非强制性权力有显著的正向关系。即种子生产商拥有的内部资源和社会资本越多,其渠道强制性权力和非强制性权力越强。
3、种子生产商对代理商的强制性权力和非强制性权力与其在产业链中的利益分配呈显著正向关系。即生产商对代理商的强制性权力和非强制性权力越大,那么在产业链中所获得的利益分配就越多。
4、种子生产商资源通过其渠道权力这一中介变量对在产业链中的利益分配的影响体现为：渠道强制性权力和非强制性强力为部分中介,社会资本通过强制性权力和非强制性权力对利益分配的影响较大,比例分别为23.8%和22.8%,而内部资源通过强制性权力和非强制性权力对利益分配的影响较小,比例分别为8.4%和11.5%。
基于上述结论,本研究为种子生产企业在产业链中如何提高其利益分配份额提出了建议,同时也为政府和相关行业管理者如何促进种子产业的有序发展提出了建议。
The seed is the most basic and important production material, also is an important carrier of agricultural science and technology, China is a large agricultural nation, seeds market has increasingly become the focus of competition of international seed industry but the overall competitiveness of our country's seed enterprises is not strong, new Variety of R & D, varietal improvement is not receiving the attention it deserves, To some extent,It has restricted the rapid and steady growth of national economy. So keep healthy and stable development of seed industry it is significant, reasonable distribution of the industry chain's interests is the main protection for the chain's stable development and overall performance improvement. Now, along with our country's seed market liberalization,variety of subject participate in market competition, fierce competition becomes increasingly, in order to obtain more interest, In the industry chain,the contradiction between different subjects are also increasingly deepen. Therefore, this article will makes a deep analysis of resource factors which influence the distribution of interests of industrial chain, and will get the channel behavioral as intermediary variable into the research model, discusses the influence Mechanism of resources, Channel power for the supplier interests distribution, so as to provide some guidances to the seed industry chain's interests distribution.
This paper firstly on the basis of study in summarizing the resources, channel power and benefit distribution, various elements were defined, classified and quantified, at the same time,on the base of the literature research and practical investigation determined the relationship between the three,and then build the theoretical model, puts forward the assumptions, the last on the Yangtze River 121 companies large and small seeds of different types of research data analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis, the following conclusions:
1.The internal resources and social capital of seed producers and the seed producers' benefits in the industrial chain was a significant positive relationship. Seed production enterprises that have internal resources and social capital more,who will get more distribution benefits in the industrial chain.
2.The internal resources and social capital of seed producers and the channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower was a significant positive relationship. Seed production enterprises that have internal resources and social capital more,who will get more coercivepower and non-coercivepower.
3.Seed producers' channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower for the agents and benefits distribution in the industrial chain was a significant positive relationship. Seed production enterprises that have channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower more,who will get more distribution benefits in the industrial chain.
4.Seed producers'resources to channels power through the intermediary variables on benefits distribution in the industrial chain reflected:channels coercivepower and non-coercivepower are part of intermediary, social capital through the coercivepower and non-coercivepower has a larger influence to the interests distribution,the ratio was 23.8% and 22.8%, while the internal resources through the coercivepower and non-coercivepower has a smaller influence to the interests distribution, the ratio was 8.4% and 11.5%.
Based on the above conclusions, the study for the seed production enterprises how to increase its share interests distribution in the industrial chain made recommendations, but also made recommendations for the government and relevant industry executives how to promote the orderly development of seed industry.
引文
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