西山矿区粗煤泥分选效果试验研究
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摘要
近年来我国选煤技术得到快速发展,基本上形成了以块煤重介(跳汰)分选、末煤重介质旋流器分选、煤泥浮选为主的成熟分选工艺。随着重介旋流器不断向大型化发展,其分选粒度下限不断上升,在浮选中具有更高选择性的旋流微泡浮选柱的广泛应用使得浮选粒度上限下降,最终导致介于重介旋流器有效分选下限和浮选有效分选上限之间的粗煤泥得不到有效分选。而对该粒度范围内粗煤泥的分选,是现有选煤工艺的薄弱环节。缺乏对这一粒度范围高分选精度的设备严重制约了选煤工艺的发展,逐渐成为选煤厂保证产品质量、提高经济效益的瓶颈问题。解决好粗煤泥处理环节的有效分选问题,减少对精煤的污染,保证全粒级精煤质量和产率的最大化、提高选煤厂经济效益具有重要意义。
目前,在选煤工艺中获得工业应用的粗煤泥重力分选设备主要有煤泥重介质旋流器、螺旋分选机、水介质旋流器,干扰床分选机等,粗煤泥分选工艺目前还不成熟,各有其优缺点和局限性,选择何种粗煤泥分选设备与现有的先进选煤设备进行合理的工艺配置,在选煤设计领域存在着较大的争议。
本课题在相同入料的情况下对螺旋分选机、水介质旋流器、煤泥重介质旋流器、干扰床分选机进行比较分析。在数据优化过程中,对各分选系统的浮沉试验数据采用拟合的方法进行加密处理,并绘制出可选性曲线。通过数学方法和给定公式确定各分选作业的实际精煤、矸石产率、性能评价指标Ep值、I值等。根据各分选系统的单机检查数据确定其分配曲线经验模型,按照分配曲线平移理论,实现相同精煤灰分下的精煤产率预测,并与不同粒度级进行了比较。本课题的结论能够指导选煤厂设计、工艺改造,也可作为指导实践的重要参考资料,意义重大。图25；表75；参51
In recent years, our coal preparation technology has developed rapidly, basically formed the mature technology using dense medium hydrocyclone to separate lump coal and using flotation to separate slime. With the dense medium hydrocyclone keeping developing to large-scale, its lower limits constantly rising. The wide use of Vortex of micro-bubble flotation column with more selective flotation make its upper limit drop. In this case, the coarse slime between the low limit of the dense medium hydrocyclone and the upper limit of flotation cannot be separated effectively. However, the separation of coarse slime in this size range is the weak point of coal preparation technology. Lack of separation equipments with high accuracy seriously harmed the development of coal preparation technology and it has become the bottleneck problem of ensuring product quality and improving economic benefit in coal preparation plant. It has significant meaning of reducing the pollution to clean coal and ensuring the maximize of whole grain size coal quality and yield.
At present, as coarse slime gravity separation equipment, spiral separator, water medium hydrocyclone and TBS are widely usC in coal preparation technology. Although, these equipments and corresponding technologies have their disadvantages and certain applications. It has big controversy over the option of coarse slime separation equipments to be allocated with existing advanced equipments.
In the same feed,spiral separator, water medium hydrocyclone,slurry heavy medium cyclone,and TBS were compared and analysised. During the optimization of data, washability curves were drawn by detailing the float-sink test data. The clean coal yield, performances and evaluation index Ep and I value and separation densities were calculated by mathematical method. The experiential mode of partition curve was drawn by single machine check data. According to the translation theory of partition curve, we can make it true to predict the clean coal yield in the same ash and compared with the yield in different granularities. The results of this subject can be directly used to guide the production with significant meaning. Figure 25; table 75; reference 51
目前,在选煤工艺中获得工业应用的粗煤泥重力分选设备主要有煤泥重介质旋流器、螺旋分选机、水介质旋流器,干扰床分选机等,粗煤泥分选工艺目前还不成熟,各有其优缺点和局限性,选择何种粗煤泥分选设备与现有的先进选煤设备进行合理的工艺配置,在选煤设计领域存在着较大的争议。
本课题在相同入料的情况下对螺旋分选机、水介质旋流器、煤泥重介质旋流器、干扰床分选机进行比较分析。在数据优化过程中,对各分选系统的浮沉试验数据采用拟合的方法进行加密处理,并绘制出可选性曲线。通过数学方法和给定公式确定各分选作业的实际精煤、矸石产率、性能评价指标Ep值、I值等。根据各分选系统的单机检查数据确定其分配曲线经验模型,按照分配曲线平移理论,实现相同精煤灰分下的精煤产率预测,并与不同粒度级进行了比较。本课题的结论能够指导选煤厂设计、工艺改造,也可作为指导实践的重要参考资料,意义重大。图25；表75；参51
In recent years, our coal preparation technology has developed rapidly, basically formed the mature technology using dense medium hydrocyclone to separate lump coal and using flotation to separate slime. With the dense medium hydrocyclone keeping developing to large-scale, its lower limits constantly rising. The wide use of Vortex of micro-bubble flotation column with more selective flotation make its upper limit drop. In this case, the coarse slime between the low limit of the dense medium hydrocyclone and the upper limit of flotation cannot be separated effectively. However, the separation of coarse slime in this size range is the weak point of coal preparation technology. Lack of separation equipments with high accuracy seriously harmed the development of coal preparation technology and it has become the bottleneck problem of ensuring product quality and improving economic benefit in coal preparation plant. It has significant meaning of reducing the pollution to clean coal and ensuring the maximize of whole grain size coal quality and yield.
At present, as coarse slime gravity separation equipment, spiral separator, water medium hydrocyclone and TBS are widely usC in coal preparation technology. Although, these equipments and corresponding technologies have their disadvantages and certain applications. It has big controversy over the option of coarse slime separation equipments to be allocated with existing advanced equipments.
In the same feed,spiral separator, water medium hydrocyclone,slurry heavy medium cyclone,and TBS were compared and analysised. During the optimization of data, washability curves were drawn by detailing the float-sink test data. The clean coal yield, performances and evaluation index Ep and I value and separation densities were calculated by mathematical method. The experiential mode of partition curve was drawn by single machine check data. According to the translation theory of partition curve, we can make it true to predict the clean coal yield in the same ash and compared with the yield in different granularities. The results of this subject can be directly used to guide the production with significant meaning. Figure 25; table 75; reference 51
引文
[1]刘文礼,等.干扰床分选机分选粗煤泥的规律研究[J].选煤技术,2007(4)：11-13.
[2]王宏,谢广元,朱子祺,TBS干扰床分选机在粗煤泥分选中的应用研究[J].煤炭工程,2009(3).
[3]李延锋.细粒煤在液固流化态介质中高效分离研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学,2004.
[4]全国煤炭标准化技术委员会选煤分会.选煤标准使用手册[K].北京：中国标准出版社,1999：90-96.
[5]吴明有,李延锋等.粗煤泥的分选及其对选煤工艺的影响[J].选煤技术,2009(2)：71-74.
[6]李建光,等.美国选煤厂煤泥分选工艺特点[J].选煤技术,2006,(2).
[7]谢广文,等.粗中煤泥分选的试验研究[J].选煤技术,2008(4)：36-38.
[8]齐正义.粗煤泥分选工艺分析[J].选煤技术,2008(2)：46-48.
[9]KalabukhovM L, BobrikovV V, Davy do vM V, etal. Improvement in processes of classification and concentration of coal slime [J]. Koks i Khimiya, 2001.
[10]HaldarD D, Charan T, Gouri Chattopadhayay P C, etal. Effects of p ressure and solids concentration on the classification characteristics of Talcher coal fines by hydrocyclone[J]. Journal of Mines, Metals & Fuels,1994 (42):3-4.
[11]Korsak L L. Centrifugal screw separator [J]. Koks iKhimiya,1998(1): 35-37.
[12]国家技术监督局.GB/T 15715-1995.煤用重选设备工艺性能评定方法.1995.
[13]冯绍灌.选煤数学模型[M].煤炭工业出版社,1990.
[14]李学琨.关于重选效果评定程序的几点数学考虑[A].2004年资源利用与环保专业委员会年会论文集[C].广西：北海,2004.
[15]谢广元,等.选矿学[M].江苏：中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[16]樊民强.选煤数学模型与数据处理[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2004.
[17]樊民强,张荣曾.分配曲线特性参数及由其构成的数学模型[J].煤炭学报, 1998(2)：202-207.
[18]李淑英.选煤管理中分配曲线及应用的探讨[J].河北煤炭,2002(2)：8-9.
[19]范肖南.重力分选分配曲线平移方法研究[J].矿冶工程,2005(2)：25-27.
[20]国家技术监督MT/T 145-1997.评定煤用重选设备工艺性能的计算机算法1997.
[21]李贤国等.Matlab与选煤/选矿数据处理[M].第1版.徐州：中国矿业大学出社,2005.
[22]李浩.应用EXCEL软件绘制可选性曲线[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(6)：32-34.
[23]申克忠.简单实用的可选性曲线画法[J].选煤技术,2005(05)
[24]范肖南,沈长霞.采用EXCEL绘制原煤可选性曲线[J].选煤技术,2004(02)
[25]冀飞,路迈西等.用VBA在Excel中开发可选性曲线拟合软件[J].选煤技术,2004(06)
[26]侯英,张文军,吕政超.基于Origin7.5的煤可选性曲线绘制[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2009(28)：102-104.
[27]李华,路迈西等.可选性曲线与分配曲线的绘制及相关内容分析[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2008(6)：28-30.
[28]房善卿,李勃.用MATLAB绘制可选性曲线[J].黑龙江科技信息,2010(20)
[29]谢广元,张明旭,边炳鑫,等.选矿学[M].江苏：中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[30]胡建平.螺旋分选机在晋华宫选煤厂的应用[J].山西煤炭,2005(01)
[31]郜超,范肖南.螺旋分选机在潘一选煤厂的应用[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(2)：25-28.
[32]谢国龙,俞和胜,杨頲.粗煤泥分选设备及其应用分析[J].煤矿机械,2008(03).
[33]范肖南.选煤产品实际产率格氏法的快捷计算方法[J].选煤技术,2005(01)
[34]樊民强,张荣曾.分配曲线特性参数及由其构成的数学模型[J].煤炭学报,1998(02)：202-207.
[35]范肖南.用Excel进行选矿数学建模[J].煤炭工程,2004(3)：50-52.
[36]唐莉英,袁文艮.几种粗煤泥分选设备分析[J].选煤技术,2009(5)：67-70.
[37]樊民强,等.新型水介旋流器分选粗煤泥的试验研究与工业应用[J].选煤技术,2007(4)：25-29.
[38]庞缔军.分级旋流器回收粗煤泥工艺在介休选煤厂的应用[J].煤矿现代化,2004(1)：31-32.
[39]陈建中,沈丽娟,等.煤泥重介质旋流器分选粗煤泥的探讨[J].选煤技术,2010(4)：48-50.
[40]彭荣任,等.重介质旋流器选煤[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,1998：9-15.
[41]张鹏.煤泥重介质旋流器性能参数的研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学,2007.
[42]黄玉祥,张学坤.小直径煤泥重介质旋流器分选粗煤泥工艺探讨[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(2)：12-14.
[43]符东旭.煤泥重介工艺的应用效果及其作用分析[J].中国煤炭,2002(12).
[44]唐鑫.TBS分选粗煤泥的优越性[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(4)：23-25.
[45]张志文.TBS干扰床及其在粗煤泥分选中的应用[J].中国煤炭,2006(12).
[46]Drummond. R.. Nicol, S. and Swanson, A.. "Teeteredbed separators—the Australian experience ".2002, XIV In2ternational Coal Preparation Congress. South Af rican Institute ofMining and Metallurgy.
[47]Galvin, K. P., Pratten, S. J., and NICOL, S.K.."Densemedium separation using a teetered bed separatorl "Minerals engineering,1999 (12).
[48]Peng, F., etal,2004. "Performance of hindered-settlingbed density separator in fine coal cleaning circuit, " SME PreprintNumber.04-185.
[49]徐凤,吴大为等.干扰床分选机(TBS)的评述[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2008(3)：1-5.
[50]卢瑜,王迪业.XGR系列干扰床分选机的研制与应用[J].选煤技术,2009(3)：22-25.
[51]范肖南,李成兵.分配曲线经验模型在预测和优化中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2004(02)
[2]王宏,谢广元,朱子祺,TBS干扰床分选机在粗煤泥分选中的应用研究[J].煤炭工程,2009(3).
[3]李延锋.细粒煤在液固流化态介质中高效分离研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学,2004.
[4]全国煤炭标准化技术委员会选煤分会.选煤标准使用手册[K].北京：中国标准出版社,1999：90-96.
[5]吴明有,李延锋等.粗煤泥的分选及其对选煤工艺的影响[J].选煤技术,2009(2)：71-74.
[6]李建光,等.美国选煤厂煤泥分选工艺特点[J].选煤技术,2006,(2).
[7]谢广文,等.粗中煤泥分选的试验研究[J].选煤技术,2008(4)：36-38.
[8]齐正义.粗煤泥分选工艺分析[J].选煤技术,2008(2)：46-48.
[9]KalabukhovM L, BobrikovV V, Davy do vM V, etal. Improvement in processes of classification and concentration of coal slime [J]. Koks i Khimiya, 2001.
[10]HaldarD D, Charan T, Gouri Chattopadhayay P C, etal. Effects of p ressure and solids concentration on the classification characteristics of Talcher coal fines by hydrocyclone[J]. Journal of Mines, Metals & Fuels,1994 (42):3-4.
[11]Korsak L L. Centrifugal screw separator [J]. Koks iKhimiya,1998(1): 35-37.
[12]国家技术监督局.GB/T 15715-1995.煤用重选设备工艺性能评定方法.1995.
[13]冯绍灌.选煤数学模型[M].煤炭工业出版社,1990.
[14]李学琨.关于重选效果评定程序的几点数学考虑[A].2004年资源利用与环保专业委员会年会论文集[C].广西：北海,2004.
[15]谢广元,等.选矿学[M].江苏：中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[16]樊民强.选煤数学模型与数据处理[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2004.
[17]樊民强,张荣曾.分配曲线特性参数及由其构成的数学模型[J].煤炭学报, 1998(2)：202-207.
[18]李淑英.选煤管理中分配曲线及应用的探讨[J].河北煤炭,2002(2)：8-9.
[19]范肖南.重力分选分配曲线平移方法研究[J].矿冶工程,2005(2)：25-27.
[20]国家技术监督MT/T 145-1997.评定煤用重选设备工艺性能的计算机算法1997.
[21]李贤国等.Matlab与选煤/选矿数据处理[M].第1版.徐州：中国矿业大学出社,2005.
[22]李浩.应用EXCEL软件绘制可选性曲线[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(6)：32-34.
[23]申克忠.简单实用的可选性曲线画法[J].选煤技术,2005(05)
[24]范肖南,沈长霞.采用EXCEL绘制原煤可选性曲线[J].选煤技术,2004(02)
[25]冀飞,路迈西等.用VBA在Excel中开发可选性曲线拟合软件[J].选煤技术,2004(06)
[26]侯英,张文军,吕政超.基于Origin7.5的煤可选性曲线绘制[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2009(28)：102-104.
[27]李华,路迈西等.可选性曲线与分配曲线的绘制及相关内容分析[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2008(6)：28-30.
[28]房善卿,李勃.用MATLAB绘制可选性曲线[J].黑龙江科技信息,2010(20)
[29]谢广元,张明旭,边炳鑫,等.选矿学[M].江苏：中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[30]胡建平.螺旋分选机在晋华宫选煤厂的应用[J].山西煤炭,2005(01)
[31]郜超,范肖南.螺旋分选机在潘一选煤厂的应用[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(2)：25-28.
[32]谢国龙,俞和胜,杨頲.粗煤泥分选设备及其应用分析[J].煤矿机械,2008(03).
[33]范肖南.选煤产品实际产率格氏法的快捷计算方法[J].选煤技术,2005(01)
[34]樊民强,张荣曾.分配曲线特性参数及由其构成的数学模型[J].煤炭学报,1998(02)：202-207.
[35]范肖南.用Excel进行选矿数学建模[J].煤炭工程,2004(3)：50-52.
[36]唐莉英,袁文艮.几种粗煤泥分选设备分析[J].选煤技术,2009(5)：67-70.
[37]樊民强,等.新型水介旋流器分选粗煤泥的试验研究与工业应用[J].选煤技术,2007(4)：25-29.
[38]庞缔军.分级旋流器回收粗煤泥工艺在介休选煤厂的应用[J].煤矿现代化,2004(1)：31-32.
[39]陈建中,沈丽娟,等.煤泥重介质旋流器分选粗煤泥的探讨[J].选煤技术,2010(4)：48-50.
[40]彭荣任,等.重介质旋流器选煤[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,1998：9-15.
[41]张鹏.煤泥重介质旋流器性能参数的研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学,2007.
[42]黄玉祥,张学坤.小直径煤泥重介质旋流器分选粗煤泥工艺探讨[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(2)：12-14.
[43]符东旭.煤泥重介工艺的应用效果及其作用分析[J].中国煤炭,2002(12).
[44]唐鑫.TBS分选粗煤泥的优越性[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2010(4)：23-25.
[45]张志文.TBS干扰床及其在粗煤泥分选中的应用[J].中国煤炭,2006(12).
[46]Drummond. R.. Nicol, S. and Swanson, A.. "Teeteredbed separators—the Australian experience ".2002, XIV In2ternational Coal Preparation Congress. South Af rican Institute ofMining and Metallurgy.
[47]Galvin, K. P., Pratten, S. J., and NICOL, S.K.."Densemedium separation using a teetered bed separatorl "Minerals engineering,1999 (12).
[48]Peng, F., etal,2004. "Performance of hindered-settlingbed density separator in fine coal cleaning circuit, " SME PreprintNumber.04-185.
[49]徐凤,吴大为等.干扰床分选机(TBS)的评述[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2008(3)：1-5.
[50]卢瑜,王迪业.XGR系列干扰床分选机的研制与应用[J].选煤技术,2009(3)：22-25.
[51]范肖南,李成兵.分配曲线经验模型在预测和优化中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2004(02)