南水北调中线工程大型渡槽预应力结构优化设计研究
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摘要
南水北调工程是世界上最大的跨流域调水工程,是将南方淡水资源引入北方缺水地区,建成后能够满足北方人民的生活、生产用水需求,有效缓解我国区域水资源短缺问题。南水北调工程对于水资源优化配置,促进流域经济、社会、资源与环境的可持续发展具有重大意义。由于沿程路线长,地质地貌条件复杂,南水北调工程输水过程中需要建设许多渡槽结构跨越山谷、河流。根据工程调水量大、跨度大、自流输水等特点,所设计渡槽结构的规模都比较庞大,在设计过程中出现了许多前所未有的难题。
本文根据实际工程需求,以南水北调中线工程双洎河渡槽为研究对象,对大型渡槽的结构设计进行深入研究,主要内容如下：
(1)分析渡槽结构选址处的水文、气候、地质和地貌等自然条件,初步确定渡槽长度,结合对工程防洪安全性和工程布置方面综合分析研究,最终确定渡槽上部结构长度为630m。
(2)在预选2槽、3槽、4槽方案中比选,考虑单槽宽度和净水高度,结合经济投资和施工工艺水平,确定无论是矩形还是U型断面结构均采用4槽共同输水的形式。
(3)从结构受力、安全施工、对河道的防洪影响以及节省投资等因素综合分析,在初步确定的矩形、U形方案中优化对比选择,最终确定渡槽槽身采用30m跨矩形断面,2槽一联,双联4槽共同输水方案。
(4)结合渡槽选址处的自然条件和施工状况,确定了十种计算工况组合,全面考虑渡槽修建期和运行期间的各种受力状态。在初步确定设计方案的基础上,采用结构力学法计算,确定渡槽上部结构配筋,验证结构抗裂防渗性能。
(5)在结构力学计算的基础上,采用Ansys软件对渡槽进行三维实体有限元复核,验证渡槽结构的设计是安全可靠的。结果表明,采用上述两种方法相结合计算是科学合理的。
(6)采用有限元方法模拟槽身预应力钢绞线张拉次序,确保初定预张拉次序是科学合理的。
The south-to-north water transfer project is the largest water diversion projects in the world,it invests south freshwater resources into the northern areas of water scarcity, it can satisfy the north people's life and production water demand and effectively relieve regional shortage of water to our country after its building.The south-to-north water transfer project can also have a great significant for optimal allocation of water resources, promoting the regional economy, society, resources and environment sustainable development.Due to the the long route, complicated geological and geomorphic conditions,in the process of water diversion the south-to-north water transfer project needs to build many aqueduct structures across the valley and rivers.According to their characteristics such as the big volume,the long span and the gravity conveyance way,the design aqueduct structures are all very huge, it comes to a lot of unprecedented difficult problems in the design process.
Based on the actual product requirements,this study takes the South-to-north water transfer project Shuangjihe aqueduct as the research object,the main content is as follows:
(1) Analysis the hydrology,climate,geology,geomorphology and other natural conditions of the aqueduct structure site,preliminary to determine the the Aqueduct length,combined with flood control security and engineering layout analysis,finally determine that the upper length of the aqueduct structure is 630m.
(2)Taking slot 2,slot 3,slot 4 as the Selection Schemes,consider the single-slot width and water purification height,combined with the nowadays construction technology level,and determine that whether it is rectangular or U-shaped cross-section structure all adopt slot 4 which is the common conveyance form.
(3)Compared from the structural stress, structural safety, the construction, river flood control impact angle and economic point of view,initially identiy the rectangular and U-shaped program, finally determine that the super structure adopt 30m cross-rectangle aqueduct,water transfer form adopt two slots of a joint and double trough section.
(4)Combined with the nature and construction conditions at the Aqueduct site, determine ten kinds of calculation condition ensuring that fully considering various stress state during the aqueduct building and running. Based on initially identified design programs,adopt structural mechanics method to calculate, the result identifies that reinforcement of the aqueduct upper structure is consistent with the resistancing crack requirements.
(5)Based on the structural mechanics calculations result, use Ansys software for 3d entity aqueduct finite element recheck computation,determine that the design of the aqueduct structure is safe and reliable. Analysis the two results of two calculations mathods,draw that adopting a combination of two calculation methods for large aqueduct design is scientific and rational.
(6) Using the finite element method calculation check aqueduct prestressing steel strand tensioning sequence, ensure the initial pre-tension order is scientific and rational.
本文根据实际工程需求,以南水北调中线工程双洎河渡槽为研究对象,对大型渡槽的结构设计进行深入研究,主要内容如下：
(1)分析渡槽结构选址处的水文、气候、地质和地貌等自然条件,初步确定渡槽长度,结合对工程防洪安全性和工程布置方面综合分析研究,最终确定渡槽上部结构长度为630m。
(2)在预选2槽、3槽、4槽方案中比选,考虑单槽宽度和净水高度,结合经济投资和施工工艺水平,确定无论是矩形还是U型断面结构均采用4槽共同输水的形式。
(3)从结构受力、安全施工、对河道的防洪影响以及节省投资等因素综合分析,在初步确定的矩形、U形方案中优化对比选择,最终确定渡槽槽身采用30m跨矩形断面,2槽一联,双联4槽共同输水方案。
(4)结合渡槽选址处的自然条件和施工状况,确定了十种计算工况组合,全面考虑渡槽修建期和运行期间的各种受力状态。在初步确定设计方案的基础上,采用结构力学法计算,确定渡槽上部结构配筋,验证结构抗裂防渗性能。
(5)在结构力学计算的基础上,采用Ansys软件对渡槽进行三维实体有限元复核,验证渡槽结构的设计是安全可靠的。结果表明,采用上述两种方法相结合计算是科学合理的。
(6)采用有限元方法模拟槽身预应力钢绞线张拉次序,确保初定预张拉次序是科学合理的。
The south-to-north water transfer project is the largest water diversion projects in the world,it invests south freshwater resources into the northern areas of water scarcity, it can satisfy the north people's life and production water demand and effectively relieve regional shortage of water to our country after its building.The south-to-north water transfer project can also have a great significant for optimal allocation of water resources, promoting the regional economy, society, resources and environment sustainable development.Due to the the long route, complicated geological and geomorphic conditions,in the process of water diversion the south-to-north water transfer project needs to build many aqueduct structures across the valley and rivers.According to their characteristics such as the big volume,the long span and the gravity conveyance way,the design aqueduct structures are all very huge, it comes to a lot of unprecedented difficult problems in the design process.
Based on the actual product requirements,this study takes the South-to-north water transfer project Shuangjihe aqueduct as the research object,the main content is as follows:
(1) Analysis the hydrology,climate,geology,geomorphology and other natural conditions of the aqueduct structure site,preliminary to determine the the Aqueduct length,combined with flood control security and engineering layout analysis,finally determine that the upper length of the aqueduct structure is 630m.
(2)Taking slot 2,slot 3,slot 4 as the Selection Schemes,consider the single-slot width and water purification height,combined with the nowadays construction technology level,and determine that whether it is rectangular or U-shaped cross-section structure all adopt slot 4 which is the common conveyance form.
(3)Compared from the structural stress, structural safety, the construction, river flood control impact angle and economic point of view,initially identiy the rectangular and U-shaped program, finally determine that the super structure adopt 30m cross-rectangle aqueduct,water transfer form adopt two slots of a joint and double trough section.
(4)Combined with the nature and construction conditions at the Aqueduct site, determine ten kinds of calculation condition ensuring that fully considering various stress state during the aqueduct building and running. Based on initially identified design programs,adopt structural mechanics method to calculate, the result identifies that reinforcement of the aqueduct upper structure is consistent with the resistancing crack requirements.
(5)Based on the structural mechanics calculations result, use Ansys software for 3d entity aqueduct finite element recheck computation,determine that the design of the aqueduct structure is safe and reliable. Analysis the two results of two calculations mathods,draw that adopting a combination of two calculation methods for large aqueduct design is scientific and rational.
(6) Using the finite element method calculation check aqueduct prestressing steel strand tensioning sequence, ensure the initial pre-tension order is scientific and rational.
引文
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[8]张学朋,李晓克,陈亚丁,李长永.大型预应力排水渡槽结构设计的初步探讨[J].南水北调与水利科技,2007(05-06)：110-113.
[9]周厚贵,马吉明,马金刚.国内外渡槽的发展与南水北调中线漕河渡槽[J].南水北调与水利科技,2007(03)：14-17,20.
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[23]赵廷华,王彩玲,申英桃.南水北调大流量大断面预应力U型薄壳渡槽应用技术研究[R].郑州：河南省水利勘测设计有限公司,2010,12.
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