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武钢大冶铁矿硫化矿物的浮选电化学与电位调控浮选试验研究
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摘要
随着国民经济的高速发展,对高品质的矿产原料及有色金属的需求量不断增加。然而矿产资源是不可再生资源,铜资源对我国来说更属短缺资源。实现矿产资源的综合利用,保证国民经济的可持续发展,己成为当代浮选科技的重大问题之一。正在研究和发展中的电位调控浮选新技术,具有选择性好、药剂耗量低,是本世纪矿物加工领域重要发展方向。
     武汉钢铁(集团)公司所属的大冶铁矿选厂所处理的矿石中的金属矿物以磁铁矿和硫化矿物为主,原矿性质较为复杂;选厂主要产品有铁精矿、铜精矿和硫精矿。在铜硫铁生产选别中存在粗粒欠磨、细粒过磨、矿石性质复杂多变、药剂制度不合理等影响选厂铜选矿技术指标的主要问题,使得铜精矿产品中铜的品位和回收率偏低,有价元素铜得不到充分的利用。本文对武钢大冶铁矿的原有药剂制度和工艺流程进行了详细研究,并在对原矿矿物组成、共生矿物之间的嵌镶关系、主要矿物结构构造等工艺矿物学性质进行了分析研究的基础上,以提高大冶铁矿铜精矿铜品位和回收率为目的,进行了大冶铁矿硫化矿物的浮选电化学与电位调控浮选新试验的应用研究。
     在电化学浮选的相关理论的指导下,在实验室中通过对磨矿细度、矿浆pH值、矿浆电位以及调整剂、捕收剂、起泡剂用量和用法等环节的浮选试验研究,探索了大冶铁矿原矿中硫化矿物的混合浮选及铜硫分离浮选条件,进行了铜浮选作业条件试验,确定了浮铜作业的新药剂制度;在新药剂制度下进行了模拟现场的全流程的小型实验室闭路试验,并进行了对比性的中矿选择性分级再磨流程的试验研究。最终取得了较理想的铜硫选别指标,为大冶铁矿选矿厂进行全流程技术改造提供依据。本课题的试验研究有很好的发展前途和应用前景。
With the rapid and sustained development of national economy, the demands of mineral material and nonferrous-metal with high quality is ncreasing. But mineral resources is nonrenewable resources, copper resource is limited resources for China. Realize the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and guarantee sustained development of national economy is one of the flotation-technology problems at present. The potential controlled flotation technology with high selectivity and low floating agent consumption will be a main development direction in mineral processing field.
    In the concentrator handling ore of Daye Iron Ore of WISCO, the main ore minerals are chalcopyrite and pyrite, and its mechanical characters are very complicated. There are three main products in Daye Mineral Processing Plants. There are many effects which impair the technical targets of copper-beneficiation in copper-sulfur-iron production, as the rough grain is lack of grinding, the fine grain is excessive of grinding, the ore character is complex and variable, the regime of agent is unreasonable etc. All of these affecting factors cause a low copper-grade and low copper-recovery that the valuable element can't be full utilization. This paper takes a investigated in detail with the primary regime of agent and process flow, and base on the analytic study such as the mineralogical composition of green ore, the imbedding connection of associated mineral, the main mineral configuration and other process mineralogy character. For the purpose of increasing the copper grade and copper recovery rate, this paper carry through the research of flotation-electrochemistry and potential-controlled flotation of sulfide minerals.
    By the electrochemical flotation standards, with the experiment research on grinding fineness, pulp pH, pulp potential and usage and dosage of modifiers, collectors and frothers in laboratory. The conditions with the mixed flotation and separated flotation
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