有源电力滤波器谐波与无功电流检测方法的研究
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摘要
电力电子设备的大量使用使得谐波问题日益严重,谐波成为影响电能质量的重要因素;另一方面,现代用电设备对电能质量更加敏感,对供电质量提出了更高的要求。有源电力滤波器作为治理谐波有效的手段,其研究和应用越来越受到人们的重视。有源电力滤波器所采用的谐波电流检测方法,直接决定了谐波的检测精度和跟踪速度,是决定谐波补偿特性能的关键,本文重点研究了谐波与无功电流检测方法。
本文在研究现有的谐波与无功检测方法的基础上,提出了一种适用于有源电力滤波器的补偿电流检测新方法。该方法通过三相瞬时功率计算出负载基波正序有功电流幅值,然后乘以单位幅值的电源电压信号,得到基波正序有功电流的瞬时值,进而分离出待补偿电流分量。
针对阻感负载整流电路中谐波电流的特点,提出一种简单高效的谐波与无功电流检测方法,该方法通过检测整流电路直流侧的电流,经过简单运算,即可得到基波有功电流的瞬时值,进而从负载电流中分离出谐波和无功电流分量。
本文系统地分析了并联型有源电力滤波器的控制策略,以这种新型谐波与无功检测方法为基础,建立了基于PSIM的APF仿真系统。(1)针对不同负载性质和负载电流突变等情况进行了仿真研究,结果表明新型检测方法能够准确、快速地检测出负载电流中的谐波和无功电流分量;(2)对APF主电路交流侧电感、直流侧电容电压、补偿容量和开关频率等参数的优化选择进行了大量的仿真研究,得出了合理的参数取值范围。
开发了以DSP为控制核心的并联型有源电力滤波器实验系统,设计了硬件原理线路和实验程序,实验结果验证了本文提出的谐波检测算法的正确性和有效性。
The wide use of power electronic equipment makes harmonic problem deteriorated increasingly, and harmonic becomes the primary factor influencing power quality. Active power filter is considered as an effective method to restrict harmonic. Research and application are widely studied. An accurate and real-time detecting approach is critical for APF to accurately compensate harmonic currents. This paper mainly research on harmonic current detecting methords.
Baseed on the existing detection methods of harmonic currents, a novel harmonic current detecting method used for active power filter (APF) was presented, by this method in the thesis, the amplitude of fundamental positive-sequence active component of load current (I_(1p)) is calculated according as instantaneous real power, and then multiply by the unit amplitude supply voltage to obtain the compensation current components.
Another novel harmonic current detecting method aimed at the harmonic currents of Resistance-indutance Load Rectification circuit was presented. In this method, the DC side current of rectification circuit is demanded to detect firstly, then the fundamental positive-sequence active component of load current (i_(1p)) is calculated by a simple calculation process, the compensation current components would be obtained.
Moreover, shunt active power filter's control strategy is analyzed in detail, a simulation model for APF based on PSIM was built: (1) Simulation study was carried out at different load characteristics and fluctuating load condition. Simulation results show that this method can quickly and accurately detect the harmonic and reactive components of the load current; (2) In order to analysis correlative factors effecting APF compensation effectiveness, much simulation study are achieved on parameters including AC side inductance、DC side voltage、 compensation capability and switch-frequency of APF main circuit., and discovering some important conclusion.
The thesis built a shunt active power filter system's hardware and software design with DSP. Hardware and software's structure and function are described in detail. And experiment results verify validity and effectiveness of the current detection method.
本文在研究现有的谐波与无功检测方法的基础上,提出了一种适用于有源电力滤波器的补偿电流检测新方法。该方法通过三相瞬时功率计算出负载基波正序有功电流幅值,然后乘以单位幅值的电源电压信号,得到基波正序有功电流的瞬时值,进而分离出待补偿电流分量。
针对阻感负载整流电路中谐波电流的特点,提出一种简单高效的谐波与无功电流检测方法,该方法通过检测整流电路直流侧的电流,经过简单运算,即可得到基波有功电流的瞬时值,进而从负载电流中分离出谐波和无功电流分量。
本文系统地分析了并联型有源电力滤波器的控制策略,以这种新型谐波与无功检测方法为基础,建立了基于PSIM的APF仿真系统。(1)针对不同负载性质和负载电流突变等情况进行了仿真研究,结果表明新型检测方法能够准确、快速地检测出负载电流中的谐波和无功电流分量;(2)对APF主电路交流侧电感、直流侧电容电压、补偿容量和开关频率等参数的优化选择进行了大量的仿真研究,得出了合理的参数取值范围。
开发了以DSP为控制核心的并联型有源电力滤波器实验系统,设计了硬件原理线路和实验程序,实验结果验证了本文提出的谐波检测算法的正确性和有效性。
The wide use of power electronic equipment makes harmonic problem deteriorated increasingly, and harmonic becomes the primary factor influencing power quality. Active power filter is considered as an effective method to restrict harmonic. Research and application are widely studied. An accurate and real-time detecting approach is critical for APF to accurately compensate harmonic currents. This paper mainly research on harmonic current detecting methords.
Baseed on the existing detection methods of harmonic currents, a novel harmonic current detecting method used for active power filter (APF) was presented, by this method in the thesis, the amplitude of fundamental positive-sequence active component of load current (I_(1p)) is calculated according as instantaneous real power, and then multiply by the unit amplitude supply voltage to obtain the compensation current components.
Another novel harmonic current detecting method aimed at the harmonic currents of Resistance-indutance Load Rectification circuit was presented. In this method, the DC side current of rectification circuit is demanded to detect firstly, then the fundamental positive-sequence active component of load current (i_(1p)) is calculated by a simple calculation process, the compensation current components would be obtained.
Moreover, shunt active power filter's control strategy is analyzed in detail, a simulation model for APF based on PSIM was built: (1) Simulation study was carried out at different load characteristics and fluctuating load condition. Simulation results show that this method can quickly and accurately detect the harmonic and reactive components of the load current; (2) In order to analysis correlative factors effecting APF compensation effectiveness, much simulation study are achieved on parameters including AC side inductance、DC side voltage、 compensation capability and switch-frequency of APF main circuit., and discovering some important conclusion.
The thesis built a shunt active power filter system's hardware and software design with DSP. Hardware and software's structure and function are described in detail. And experiment results verify validity and effectiveness of the current detection method.
引文
[1]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[2]中华人民共和国国家标准.BG/T 14549-93电能质量公用电网谐波[S].北京:国家技术监督局,1993
[3]陆廷信.供电系统中的谐波分析测量与抑制[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,1990
[4]顾建军,徐殿国,刘汉奎,公茂忠.有源滤波技术现状及其发展[J].电机与控制学报,2003,7(2):126-132
[5]肖湘宁,徐永海.电网谐波与无功功率有源补偿技术的进展[J].中国电力,1999,32(3):10-13
[6]Singh B,Haddad K,Chandra A.A review of a active filters for power quality improvement[J].IEEE Trans on Ind Electronics,1999,46(5):960-971
[7]George JWakileh(奥地利)电力系统谐波 徐政 译 杭州:机械工业出版社2003
[8]肖湘宁.电能质量分析与控制[M].第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[9]胡铭,陈珩.有源滤波技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化,2000,24(3):66-70
[10]张直平,李芬辰.城市电网谐波手册[M].第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[11]陈国柱,吕征宇,钱照明.有源电力滤波器的一般原理及应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2000,20(9):18-21
[12]李战鹰,任震,杨泽民.有源滤波装置及其应用研究综述[J].电网技术,2004,28(22):40-43
[13]B.M.Birdetal.Harmonic reduction in multiple converters by triple-frequency current injection[J].Proc IEE,1969,116(10):1730-1734
[14]Sasaki.H et al.New method to eliminate AC harmonic currents by magnetic compensation consideration on basic design[J].IEEE Trans PAS,1971,90(5):2009-2019
[15]L.Gyugyi et al.Active AC power filters[J].IEEE IAS,1976,10:529-535
[16]Akagi H,Nabae A.Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching devices without energy storage components[J].IEEE Trans on end Appl,1984,20(3):625-63
[17]周方圆,唐朝晖.有源电力滤波器的研究现状与发展[J].电测与仪表,2005,42(8):1-4
[18]Fang Zheng Peng,Harmonic and Reactive Power Compensation Based on the Generalized Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Three-Phase F our-Wire Systems[J]IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWE ELECTRONICS,1998,13(6):1174-1180
[19]谢运祥,唐中琦.电力有源滤波器及其应用技术的发展[J].电工技术杂志,2000,19(4):1-3
[20]胡铭,陈晰.有源滤波技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(3):66-70
[21]李达义,陈乔夫,贾正春.电力系统谐波源的种类和滤波方法综述[J].电气传动,2005(12):3-4
[22]颜晓庆,杨君.并联型电力有源滤波器的数学模型和稳定性分析[J].电工技术学报。1998,13(1):41-45
[23]Toshihiko Tanaka,Hirofumi Akagi,A new combined system of series active and shunt passive filters aiming at harmonic compation for large capacity thfistor converters[C],IECON'91,vol.1,723-728
[24]肖湘宁,徐永海,刘昊,等.混合型有源电力补偿技术与实验研究[J].电力系统自动化.2002,26(5):39-44
[25]邓占锋,朱东起。降低有源部分容量的混合电力滤波器[J],清华大学学报,2003.43(3):293-295.
[26]候振义,黄和成,王义明等.串联型综合电力滤波系统探讨[J].电力电子技术,1998,4:1-10
[27]顾建军,刘汉奎,徐殿国.统一电能质量调节器的实验研究[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(19):45-47
[28]Fujita,H.;Akagi,H..The unified power quality conditioner:The integration of series active filtersand shunt active filters[C],PESC'96,vol.1,Page(s):494-501
[29]许唐蕾,陈维荣.有源电力滤波器三种电流检测方法的深入探讨及仿真[J].继电器,2006,34(5):43-47
[30]Mehmet Ucar,Engin Ozdemir,Murat Kale.An Analysis of Three-Phase Four-Wire Power Filter for Harmonic Elimination Reactive Compensation and Load Balancing Under Non-Ideal Mains Voltage[C]35th Annual IEEE Power Electronics conference.Aachen,Gemany,2004,3089-3094
[31]余健明,同向前.瞬时谐波电流检测方法的动静态特性分[J].电力电子技术,1999,(2):15-17
[32]王伟,周林,徐明.有源电力滤波器控制方法综述[J].继电器,2006,34(20):81-84
[33]姜齐荣,谢小荣,陈建业。电路系统并联补偿——结构、原理、控制与应用[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[34]许俊云.有源电力滤波器中的若干谐波电流检测方法研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005,(6):6-50
[35]邵明,钟彦儒,余建明.基于小波变换的谐波电流的实时检测方法[J].电力电子技术,2000,(2):42-45
[36]Fang Z.Peng.Harmonic Sources and Filtering Approache[J].IEEE Industry Applications Magazine,2001,10(4):18-19
[37]李波,张林利,王广柱等.用于APF的神经网络自适应谐波电流检测方法[J].电力自动化设备,2004,24(5):38-40
[38]Akagi.H.Active and hybrid filters for power conditioning[J].Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial llectronics,2000:26-36
[39]尉冰娟,王明渝,张淑国.无锁相环ip-iq法在有源滤波器中的实现[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2006,18(2):50-53
[40]Toshihiko Tanaka,Hirofumi Akagi.A New Method of Harmonic Power Detection Based on the Instantaneous Active Power in Three-phase Circuits[J].IEEE Transactions on power delivery,1995,10(4):1737-1741
[41]任永峰,李含善,贺纲,任海龙.两种单相电路瞬时谐波及无功电流实时检测方法分析[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2003,15(1):95-99
[42]田大强,蒋平,唐国庆.有源滤波器中数字低通滤波器设计及其实现[J].电工电能新技术,2003,22(3):77-80
[43]王伟,周林,徐明.有源电力滤波器控制方法综述[J].继电器,2006,34(20):81-84
[44]李达义,陈桥夫.三角波比较电流控制研究[J].通信电源技术,2006,23(4):1-4
[45]Chongming Qiao,Taotao Jin,Keyue Ma Smedley.One-Cycle Control of Three-Phase Active Power Filter With Vector Operation[J].IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics,2004,51(4):455-462
[46]刘红萍,张代润.有源电力滤波器的正弦滞环控制法研究——滞环控制策略分析[J].四川大学学报,1999,3(4):103-108
[47]郭晓.谐波抑制和无功补偿综合控制技术的研究:[硕士学位论文][D].南京:南京理工大学,2005
[48]高大威.电力系统谐波、无功和负序电流综合补偿的研究:[硕士学位论文][D].北京:华北电力大学,2001
[49]杜雄,周雏维,谢品芳.直流侧APF主电路参数与补偿性能的关系[[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(1):39-42
[50]刘和平等.TMS320LF240x DSP C语言开发应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[51]刘和平等.TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[2]中华人民共和国国家标准.BG/T 14549-93电能质量公用电网谐波[S].北京:国家技术监督局,1993
[3]陆廷信.供电系统中的谐波分析测量与抑制[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,1990
[4]顾建军,徐殿国,刘汉奎,公茂忠.有源滤波技术现状及其发展[J].电机与控制学报,2003,7(2):126-132
[5]肖湘宁,徐永海.电网谐波与无功功率有源补偿技术的进展[J].中国电力,1999,32(3):10-13
[6]Singh B,Haddad K,Chandra A.A review of a active filters for power quality improvement[J].IEEE Trans on Ind Electronics,1999,46(5):960-971
[7]George JWakileh(奥地利)电力系统谐波 徐政 译 杭州:机械工业出版社2003
[8]肖湘宁.电能质量分析与控制[M].第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[9]胡铭,陈珩.有源滤波技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化,2000,24(3):66-70
[10]张直平,李芬辰.城市电网谐波手册[M].第一版.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[11]陈国柱,吕征宇,钱照明.有源电力滤波器的一般原理及应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2000,20(9):18-21
[12]李战鹰,任震,杨泽民.有源滤波装置及其应用研究综述[J].电网技术,2004,28(22):40-43
[13]B.M.Birdetal.Harmonic reduction in multiple converters by triple-frequency current injection[J].Proc IEE,1969,116(10):1730-1734
[14]Sasaki.H et al.New method to eliminate AC harmonic currents by magnetic compensation consideration on basic design[J].IEEE Trans PAS,1971,90(5):2009-2019
[15]L.Gyugyi et al.Active AC power filters[J].IEEE IAS,1976,10:529-535
[16]Akagi H,Nabae A.Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching devices without energy storage components[J].IEEE Trans on end Appl,1984,20(3):625-63
[17]周方圆,唐朝晖.有源电力滤波器的研究现状与发展[J].电测与仪表,2005,42(8):1-4
[18]Fang Zheng Peng,Harmonic and Reactive Power Compensation Based on the Generalized Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Three-Phase F our-Wire Systems[J]IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWE ELECTRONICS,1998,13(6):1174-1180
[19]谢运祥,唐中琦.电力有源滤波器及其应用技术的发展[J].电工技术杂志,2000,19(4):1-3
[20]胡铭,陈晰.有源滤波技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(3):66-70
[21]李达义,陈乔夫,贾正春.电力系统谐波源的种类和滤波方法综述[J].电气传动,2005(12):3-4
[22]颜晓庆,杨君.并联型电力有源滤波器的数学模型和稳定性分析[J].电工技术学报。1998,13(1):41-45
[23]Toshihiko Tanaka,Hirofumi Akagi,A new combined system of series active and shunt passive filters aiming at harmonic compation for large capacity thfistor converters[C],IECON'91,vol.1,723-728
[24]肖湘宁,徐永海,刘昊,等.混合型有源电力补偿技术与实验研究[J].电力系统自动化.2002,26(5):39-44
[25]邓占锋,朱东起。降低有源部分容量的混合电力滤波器[J],清华大学学报,2003.43(3):293-295.
[26]候振义,黄和成,王义明等.串联型综合电力滤波系统探讨[J].电力电子技术,1998,4:1-10
[27]顾建军,刘汉奎,徐殿国.统一电能质量调节器的实验研究[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(19):45-47
[28]Fujita,H.;Akagi,H..The unified power quality conditioner:The integration of series active filtersand shunt active filters[C],PESC'96,vol.1,Page(s):494-501
[29]许唐蕾,陈维荣.有源电力滤波器三种电流检测方法的深入探讨及仿真[J].继电器,2006,34(5):43-47
[30]Mehmet Ucar,Engin Ozdemir,Murat Kale.An Analysis of Three-Phase Four-Wire Power Filter for Harmonic Elimination Reactive Compensation and Load Balancing Under Non-Ideal Mains Voltage[C]35th Annual IEEE Power Electronics conference.Aachen,Gemany,2004,3089-3094
[31]余健明,同向前.瞬时谐波电流检测方法的动静态特性分[J].电力电子技术,1999,(2):15-17
[32]王伟,周林,徐明.有源电力滤波器控制方法综述[J].继电器,2006,34(20):81-84
[33]姜齐荣,谢小荣,陈建业。电路系统并联补偿——结构、原理、控制与应用[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[34]许俊云.有源电力滤波器中的若干谐波电流检测方法研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005,(6):6-50
[35]邵明,钟彦儒,余建明.基于小波变换的谐波电流的实时检测方法[J].电力电子技术,2000,(2):42-45
[36]Fang Z.Peng.Harmonic Sources and Filtering Approache[J].IEEE Industry Applications Magazine,2001,10(4):18-19
[37]李波,张林利,王广柱等.用于APF的神经网络自适应谐波电流检测方法[J].电力自动化设备,2004,24(5):38-40
[38]Akagi.H.Active and hybrid filters for power conditioning[J].Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial llectronics,2000:26-36
[39]尉冰娟,王明渝,张淑国.无锁相环ip-iq法在有源滤波器中的实现[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2006,18(2):50-53
[40]Toshihiko Tanaka,Hirofumi Akagi.A New Method of Harmonic Power Detection Based on the Instantaneous Active Power in Three-phase Circuits[J].IEEE Transactions on power delivery,1995,10(4):1737-1741
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