DCI数字电影系统图像压缩的研究
摘要
随着数字图像处理和数字显示技术的成熟和完善,数字电影技术也逐渐发展起来,而图像压缩自然也成为其关键技术。数字电影的图像压缩除了要求高的压缩比和主客观质量外,还有很多其它的要求用以满足影片的传输和播放,本论文主要对DCI的图像压缩进行了深入的研究及相关改进。具体内容如下:
本论文通过对DCI的数字电影规范中基于JPEG2000的图像压缩部分进行的分析和研究,在JPEG2000的参考软件JASPER的基础上,首先实现了完全符合DCI规范的压缩图像。
在此基础上,本论文根据DCI的规定以及电影图像的特点,提出了一种三维小波加MXF的编码方案,实现了两种不同帧率的视频流的兼容。实验表明新的编码方案可以满足数字电影对图像质量的要求。
由于JPEG2000没有利用图像的帧问冗余,本论文用MC-EZBC方案对DCI中的压缩方案进行替换改进。结果表明在得到主客观感觉的前提下,该方案可以大大降低电影视频的码率。
考虑到JPEG2000压缩算法较复杂,且比较耗时,本论文还对JPEG2000的并行算法做了一定的研究,并实现了一个基于分布式的JPEG2000并行压缩管理系统,与其它该类型软件相比,该系统在满足可靠性要求的前提下,运行速度有很大的提高。
Because the digital picture processing and the digital projector technical mature with perfect, the digital movie technique also develops gradually and the picture compression also becomes its key compoment. The picture of the digital cinema requires not only the subject and object view quality and the high compression ratio, but also the convenience for stream deliver and broadcast which is discussed in DCI's documents.
This thesis research and analysis the picture compression of DCI that adopt the wavelet based picture compression standard of the JPEG2000, and finish a compression system which match the prescript of the DCI norm completely first on the foundation of the reference software JASPER of the JPEG2000.
On this foundation, this thesis put forward a kind of 3D wavelet coding methon with MXF, according to the provision of the DCI and the characteristics of the digital movie picture. This method combines two kinds of video stream with different frequency rates into a single file and makes them compatible.
Because the JPEG2000 standard doesn't make use of the inter-redundancy fo picture, this thesis used the MC-EZBC project as a substitute to the compression project in the DCI. The result shows MC-EZBC project can generate lower rate of the digital movie video.
In consideration of the JPEG2000 compresses calculate way more complicated, and relatively consume, this thesis return to the JPEG2000 abreast the calculate way did a certain research, and carry out a compresses a management system abreast according to the JPEG2000 of the distribute type, compared with other type's softwares, that system is under the premise that satisfy credibility request, the movement speed contain very great exaltation.
In order to minimize time cost on the JPEG2000 compression, an parallel task managing system is proposed, which can run on LAN based cluster and automatically start JPEG2000 compression.
本论文通过对DCI的数字电影规范中基于JPEG2000的图像压缩部分进行的分析和研究,在JPEG2000的参考软件JASPER的基础上,首先实现了完全符合DCI规范的压缩图像。
在此基础上,本论文根据DCI的规定以及电影图像的特点,提出了一种三维小波加MXF的编码方案,实现了两种不同帧率的视频流的兼容。实验表明新的编码方案可以满足数字电影对图像质量的要求。
由于JPEG2000没有利用图像的帧问冗余,本论文用MC-EZBC方案对DCI中的压缩方案进行替换改进。结果表明在得到主客观感觉的前提下,该方案可以大大降低电影视频的码率。
考虑到JPEG2000压缩算法较复杂,且比较耗时,本论文还对JPEG2000的并行算法做了一定的研究,并实现了一个基于分布式的JPEG2000并行压缩管理系统,与其它该类型软件相比,该系统在满足可靠性要求的前提下,运行速度有很大的提高。
Because the digital picture processing and the digital projector technical mature with perfect, the digital movie technique also develops gradually and the picture compression also becomes its key compoment. The picture of the digital cinema requires not only the subject and object view quality and the high compression ratio, but also the convenience for stream deliver and broadcast which is discussed in DCI's documents.
This thesis research and analysis the picture compression of DCI that adopt the wavelet based picture compression standard of the JPEG2000, and finish a compression system which match the prescript of the DCI norm completely first on the foundation of the reference software JASPER of the JPEG2000.
On this foundation, this thesis put forward a kind of 3D wavelet coding methon with MXF, according to the provision of the DCI and the characteristics of the digital movie picture. This method combines two kinds of video stream with different frequency rates into a single file and makes them compatible.
Because the JPEG2000 standard doesn't make use of the inter-redundancy fo picture, this thesis used the MC-EZBC project as a substitute to the compression project in the DCI. The result shows MC-EZBC project can generate lower rate of the digital movie video.
In consideration of the JPEG2000 compresses calculate way more complicated, and relatively consume, this thesis return to the JPEG2000 abreast the calculate way did a certain research, and carry out a compresses a management system abreast according to the JPEG2000 of the distribute type, compared with other type's softwares, that system is under the premise that satisfy credibility request, the movement speed contain very great exaltation.
In order to minimize time cost on the JPEG2000 compression, an parallel task managing system is proposed, which can run on LAN based cluster and automatically start JPEG2000 compression.
引文
[1]Digital Cinema Initiatives 2005 Digital Cinema System Specification V1.0[S]
[2]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 WG1(ITU-T SGS)2000 JPEG2000 Part Ⅰ Final Committee Draft Version 1.0[S]
[3]孙延奎.小波分析及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2005,3.
[4]耿艳峰,冯叔初,郑金吾.基于提升格式的双正交小波构造[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版).2005,6(3):144-147.
[5]Kovacevic J,Sweldens W.Wavelet families of increasing order in arbitrary dimensions [J].Image Processing,IEEE Transactions on,2000,9(3):480-496.
[6]陈武凡.小波分析及其在图像处理中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2002,4.
[7]程正兴.小波分析算法与应用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2003,3.
[8]李辉,基于提升小波变换的图像压缩方法研究,[学位论文],桂林电子科技大学,桂林电子科技大学,2006.4
[9]Shapiro J M.Embedded image coding using zerotree of wavelet coefficients[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1993,41(12):3445-3462.
[10]A.Said and W.A.Pearlman.A new fast and efficient image codec based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees[J].IEEE Trans.Circuits System.Video Technol,vol.6,pp.243-250,June 1996.
[11]Taubman,David.High performance scalable image compression with EBCOT[J].IEEE Transactions on Image Processing,9(7):158-1170,2000.
[12]闫允一,郭宝龙,陈龙潭.小波提升原理在图像编码中的应用[J].计算机应用研究.2004,8:136-137.
[13]范宇,胡访宇.基于非线性提升小波的有损图像压缩及其优化[J].计算机工程与应用.2004,(24):94-96.
[14]孙水法,张华熊,仇佩亮.JPEG2000--新的静止图像压缩标准.计算机辅助设计与图像学学报,2003,15(11):1339-1346,1352
[15]刘方敏,吴永辉,俞建新.JPEG2000图像压缩过程及原理概述.计算机辅助设计与图像学学报.2002,14(10):905-911,916
[16]董文辉,戴琼海.JPEG2000中的小波算法.数字电视.2005,8:50-53
[17]周正道,王闵,吴成柯.JPEG2000码流组织算法分析.微电子学与计算机,2002,10:4-6
[18]Digital cinema Initiatives,DCI V1.1-2007,LLC.Digital Cinema System Specification V1.1[S],2007
[19]魏芳、王樱澍、李阳.DCI数字电影编解码系统研究[J].北京邮电大学学报,2007,10,77-81
[20]陈军华、张文军.MZ-EZBC中改进的运动编码[J].计算机工程与应用.2005.35,76-78
[21]陆鑫达译.并行程序设计(第二版)[M].北京.机械工业出版社,2005.5
[22]单莹、吴建平、王正华.基于SMP集群的多层次并行编程模型与并行优化技术[J].计算机应用研究,2006,10,254-256,260
[23]Int.Standards Org./Int.Electrotech.Comm.(ISO/IEC).ISO/IEC 15444-1:2000 and ITU-T T.800-2002,Information technology-JPEG 2000 image coding system-part 1:core coding system[S],USA:[s.n],2002,1-212
[24]Zhong Xiao-zhen.Block-based Wavelet Transform Image Coding Based on the Set Partitioning in Hierarchial Trees(SPIHT)Alogrithm,http://www.rpi.edu/web/NGV,Aug.2000.
[25]魏江力等译.JPEG2000图像压缩基础、标准和实践.北京.电子工业出版社,2004,4
[26]陈美丽、黄士坦,JPEG2000中的EBCOT并行处理方法研究,计算机技术与发展,2006,6,104-106
[27]张宏伟、刘正光、陈红新,基于JPEG2000的一次性扫描、高效编码算法的研究,计算机应用,2005,5,1069-1071
[2]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 WG1(ITU-T SGS)2000 JPEG2000 Part Ⅰ Final Committee Draft Version 1.0[S]
[3]孙延奎.小波分析及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2005,3.
[4]耿艳峰,冯叔初,郑金吾.基于提升格式的双正交小波构造[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版).2005,6(3):144-147.
[5]Kovacevic J,Sweldens W.Wavelet families of increasing order in arbitrary dimensions [J].Image Processing,IEEE Transactions on,2000,9(3):480-496.
[6]陈武凡.小波分析及其在图像处理中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2002,4.
[7]程正兴.小波分析算法与应用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2003,3.
[8]李辉,基于提升小波变换的图像压缩方法研究,[学位论文],桂林电子科技大学,桂林电子科技大学,2006.4
[9]Shapiro J M.Embedded image coding using zerotree of wavelet coefficients[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1993,41(12):3445-3462.
[10]A.Said and W.A.Pearlman.A new fast and efficient image codec based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees[J].IEEE Trans.Circuits System.Video Technol,vol.6,pp.243-250,June 1996.
[11]Taubman,David.High performance scalable image compression with EBCOT[J].IEEE Transactions on Image Processing,9(7):158-1170,2000.
[12]闫允一,郭宝龙,陈龙潭.小波提升原理在图像编码中的应用[J].计算机应用研究.2004,8:136-137.
[13]范宇,胡访宇.基于非线性提升小波的有损图像压缩及其优化[J].计算机工程与应用.2004,(24):94-96.
[14]孙水法,张华熊,仇佩亮.JPEG2000--新的静止图像压缩标准.计算机辅助设计与图像学学报,2003,15(11):1339-1346,1352
[15]刘方敏,吴永辉,俞建新.JPEG2000图像压缩过程及原理概述.计算机辅助设计与图像学学报.2002,14(10):905-911,916
[16]董文辉,戴琼海.JPEG2000中的小波算法.数字电视.2005,8:50-53
[17]周正道,王闵,吴成柯.JPEG2000码流组织算法分析.微电子学与计算机,2002,10:4-6
[18]Digital cinema Initiatives,DCI V1.1-2007,LLC.Digital Cinema System Specification V1.1[S],2007
[19]魏芳、王樱澍、李阳.DCI数字电影编解码系统研究[J].北京邮电大学学报,2007,10,77-81
[20]陈军华、张文军.MZ-EZBC中改进的运动编码[J].计算机工程与应用.2005.35,76-78
[21]陆鑫达译.并行程序设计(第二版)[M].北京.机械工业出版社,2005.5
[22]单莹、吴建平、王正华.基于SMP集群的多层次并行编程模型与并行优化技术[J].计算机应用研究,2006,10,254-256,260
[23]Int.Standards Org./Int.Electrotech.Comm.(ISO/IEC).ISO/IEC 15444-1:2000 and ITU-T T.800-2002,Information technology-JPEG 2000 image coding system-part 1:core coding system[S],USA:[s.n],2002,1-212
[24]Zhong Xiao-zhen.Block-based Wavelet Transform Image Coding Based on the Set Partitioning in Hierarchial Trees(SPIHT)Alogrithm,http://www.rpi.edu/web/NGV,Aug.2000.
[25]魏江力等译.JPEG2000图像压缩基础、标准和实践.北京.电子工业出版社,2004,4
[26]陈美丽、黄士坦,JPEG2000中的EBCOT并行处理方法研究,计算机技术与发展,2006,6,104-106
[27]张宏伟、刘正光、陈红新,基于JPEG2000的一次性扫描、高效编码算法的研究,计算机应用,2005,5,1069-1071
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