新疆伊犁地区下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩含矿特征及金、铜成矿规律探讨
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摘要
本文在充分收集前人研究成果，结合本人的野外实际工作，综合分析了新疆伊犁地
区的下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩岩石特征、含矿性；系统研究了火山岩中存在的以金、
铜为主的矿床特征；进一步总结出金、铜成矿规律。
通过研究，发现新疆伊犁地区的下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩主要分布在伊犁盆地以
北的博罗克努山一带，与伊犁中部的伊什基里克—察布察尔山一带，以及那拉提山北缘。
是该区重要而且比较有优势的含矿层位之一。
博罗科努山以南的图拉苏火山盆地中的哈拉军山组火山岩，火山活动强烈，岩相变化
较大，为陆相环境下喷出的。岩石类型以中酸性和酸性为主，其次为中基性和基性，且常
以熔岩和火山碎屑岩产出，有时夹有火山碎屑沉积岩。伊犁盆地中哈拉军山组火山岩在各
地变化复杂，成分各异。火山活动强烈，爆发作用较强烈，为海陆交互的喷发环境产生。
岩性总体以中酸性喷发岩为主，基性岩次之。底部以少量正常沉积碎屑岩特征，中部以火
山碎屑岩为主，上部则以熔岩为岩石组合的最大特征。
伊犁盆地大哈拉军山组火山岩是裂谷环境形成；博罗科努一带的大哈拉军山组火山岩
是松弛拉张的古陆边缘环境形成；总体是拉张环境的产物。
大哈拉军山组火山岩普遍富含Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag、As、Sb、Mg等亲硫成矿元素，各
元素的变异系数在其中高达0.58—2.19，属分异～强分异型分布，具典型的矿源层特征。
是寻找金、铜矿产资源最有利的层位之一。
吐拉苏火山盆地之中的下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩中与金矿成矿密切相关；伊犁盆
地大哈拉军山火山岩中从成矿条件来说，南部那拉提山北缘一带有利于成矿，Cu应当是南
部最有希望的成矿元素。
金矿主要集中吐拉苏火山盆地之中，为浅成低温热液型，按成矿地质构造条件和成矿
特征以及矿物共生组合等，又分为冰长石—绢云母型和硅化岩型。成矿时代为华力西中期，
成矿物质来源是大哈拉军山组酸性凝灰岩段（C_1d~2），它是该区不同类型金矿成矿的主要矿
源层。金矿受火山机构的严格控制，在火山活动中心附近的断裂系内形成冰长石—绢云母
型金矿；远离火山活动中心的构造薄弱带内形成硅化岩型金矿。冰长石—绢云母型与金矿
化有关的岩石为钙碱系列（部分为碱性系列）的中酸性火山岩、英安质角砾熔岩和石英角
闪安山玢岩，围岩蚀变主要为硅化、高岭土化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化和冰长石化；硅化岩
型与大哈拉军山组酸性凝灰岩段沉凝灰角砾岩、火山角砾岩密切相关，围岩蚀变以硅化为
主、黄铁矿化、毒砂化。冰长石—绢云母型金矿地球化学标志以：Au、Ag、As、Sb、Te、
Se等低温元素组合异常区；硅化岩型金矿地球化学标志以：Au、Ag、Hg、Sb、Se、Bi等元
素富含时是矿化体赋存的重要标志。
铜矿分布主要分布于伊犁盆地中，并且大多数都集中在察布察而山—伊什基里克山—
带及那拉提山北，主要类型以火山热液型为主，少数为矽卡岩型，成矿时代为华力西中期
与火山热液型铜矿有关的为下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山碎屑岩、火山岩为容矿岩石。构造
破碎蚀变岩，北东东一近东西向断裂带控制着铜矿的分布、低级别的韧性断裂带为容矿构
造，华力西中期钾长花岗岩是形成铜矿床的能量来源，围岩蚀变以硅化、黄铁矿化、绿泥
石化、绢云母化、碳酸盐化。
Volcanic rock mineral-bearing features of Lower Carboniferous
Darhalange mountain formation in Xijiang YLi area and gold.
copper ore deposit's mineralization ruIe
Abstact In this paper,the author collects adequately former researchfu1 fruit to ana1yse
syntheticalIy volcanic rock features and mineral-bearing quality of Lower Carboniferous
Darhalange mountain formation in Xijiang area with the field operation of the authorDeposit
character that Au. Cu are main in volcanic rock is systemically researched.FinaIly mineraIization
ru1e of Au and Cu is summarized.
Through investigation, the author finds vo1canic rock of Lower Carboniferous Darha1ange
mountain formation in Xijiang Yili area distributes in Berlukener Mountain north to Yili Basin.
Yshengilic-Charbucher Mountain in the middle of Yi1i and at the edge of Nalarty Mountain.It is
one of important and advantageous producing formations in this area.
VOlcanic rock of Darhalange seriers in Tulas VOIcanic Basin south to Berlukerner Mountain
which erupts in continental facies environment has drastic volcanic activity and it's rock facies
change greatly.Intermidiate acidity rock and acidity rock are main,and basic rock and intermidiate
basic rock are secondary It appears in the form of lava and effiata,somCtimes having
volcaniclastic sedimentary rock. Volcanic rock of Darhalange fOrmation in the middle of Yili
which erupts in ocean and continental environment varies complicatedly and has different
composition. in different areas.which erupts in ocean and continental environment Intermidiate
acidity rock is main,and basic rock is secondary. At the bottom is smalI normal holoclastic
rock,efflata is in the middle,and at the top is lava.
VOlcanic rock of Darhalange fOrmation in Yili basin forms in rift enviroment. Volcanic rock
of DarhaIange seriers in Berlukerner Mountain fOrms in s1ack rift ancient continenta1 margin
environment.In the main al1 are outcome in rift environment.
VoIcanic rock of Darhalange seriers abounds with Au. Cu. Pb. Zn. Ag. As. Sb. Mg etc
which are sulfophile mineralization elements.Every element variation coefficient changes
between 0.58 and 2. l9 be1ong to differential and strong differentiaI distribution which is typical
character of mineral resource layer.lt is the most advantageous formation searching Au. Cu
mineral resource.
Volcanic rock of Lower Carboniferous DarhaIange mountain formation in Tusuler Basin
relates c1oseIy with gold mineralization.As volcanic rock of DarhaIange seriers in Yiili Basin as
is concerned,mineraIization is easy in the south Nalarty Mountain north edge,and Cu shouId be
the most possible mineraIization eIement.
Gold mines concentrating most1y in the Tularsu vo1canic basin are supergene
epithermal,which are also divided into adularia-sericite and silicified rock according to
geological mineralization stucture condition mineralization features and mineral accretion combination.Mineralization epoch is Variscan metaphase. Mineralization substances s origin is Cd2 which is main mineral resource layer of inhomogeneous gold mine mineralization in this area.Gold mine is controlled strictly by volcanic framework.Adularia-sericite gold mine is formed in the rifling near to vocanic activity center,but silicified rock gold mine is formed in the weak framework strip far to vocanic activity center. Adularia-sericite type relating with gold mineralization is calc-alkaline formation (partly alkaline formation) intermediate acidity volcanic rocks dacitic breccia lava and quartz hungarite porphyrite.Wall rock erosion is mainly silicification.. kaolinization.. pyritization. adularization and sericitization. silicified rock type relates with deposit breccia.. volcanic breccia of Cd2. Wall rock erosion is mainly silicification.. sericitization and arsenopyritization. Adularia-sericite gold mine is geochemical sign is the abnormal section of Au.. Ag.. As.. Sb.. Te.. Se etc low-temperature element combination;silicified rock gold mine geochemical sign is the enrichment of
区的下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩岩石特征、含矿性；系统研究了火山岩中存在的以金、
铜为主的矿床特征；进一步总结出金、铜成矿规律。
通过研究，发现新疆伊犁地区的下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩主要分布在伊犁盆地以
北的博罗克努山一带，与伊犁中部的伊什基里克—察布察尔山一带，以及那拉提山北缘。
是该区重要而且比较有优势的含矿层位之一。
博罗科努山以南的图拉苏火山盆地中的哈拉军山组火山岩，火山活动强烈，岩相变化
较大，为陆相环境下喷出的。岩石类型以中酸性和酸性为主，其次为中基性和基性，且常
以熔岩和火山碎屑岩产出，有时夹有火山碎屑沉积岩。伊犁盆地中哈拉军山组火山岩在各
地变化复杂，成分各异。火山活动强烈，爆发作用较强烈，为海陆交互的喷发环境产生。
岩性总体以中酸性喷发岩为主，基性岩次之。底部以少量正常沉积碎屑岩特征，中部以火
山碎屑岩为主，上部则以熔岩为岩石组合的最大特征。
伊犁盆地大哈拉军山组火山岩是裂谷环境形成；博罗科努一带的大哈拉军山组火山岩
是松弛拉张的古陆边缘环境形成；总体是拉张环境的产物。
大哈拉军山组火山岩普遍富含Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag、As、Sb、Mg等亲硫成矿元素，各
元素的变异系数在其中高达0.58—2.19，属分异～强分异型分布，具典型的矿源层特征。
是寻找金、铜矿产资源最有利的层位之一。
吐拉苏火山盆地之中的下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩中与金矿成矿密切相关；伊犁盆
地大哈拉军山火山岩中从成矿条件来说，南部那拉提山北缘一带有利于成矿，Cu应当是南
部最有希望的成矿元素。
金矿主要集中吐拉苏火山盆地之中，为浅成低温热液型，按成矿地质构造条件和成矿
特征以及矿物共生组合等，又分为冰长石—绢云母型和硅化岩型。成矿时代为华力西中期，
成矿物质来源是大哈拉军山组酸性凝灰岩段（C_1d~2），它是该区不同类型金矿成矿的主要矿
源层。金矿受火山机构的严格控制，在火山活动中心附近的断裂系内形成冰长石—绢云母
型金矿；远离火山活动中心的构造薄弱带内形成硅化岩型金矿。冰长石—绢云母型与金矿
化有关的岩石为钙碱系列（部分为碱性系列）的中酸性火山岩、英安质角砾熔岩和石英角
闪安山玢岩，围岩蚀变主要为硅化、高岭土化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化和冰长石化；硅化岩
型与大哈拉军山组酸性凝灰岩段沉凝灰角砾岩、火山角砾岩密切相关，围岩蚀变以硅化为
主、黄铁矿化、毒砂化。冰长石—绢云母型金矿地球化学标志以：Au、Ag、As、Sb、Te、
Se等低温元素组合异常区；硅化岩型金矿地球化学标志以：Au、Ag、Hg、Sb、Se、Bi等元
素富含时是矿化体赋存的重要标志。
铜矿分布主要分布于伊犁盆地中，并且大多数都集中在察布察而山—伊什基里克山—
带及那拉提山北，主要类型以火山热液型为主，少数为矽卡岩型，成矿时代为华力西中期
与火山热液型铜矿有关的为下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山碎屑岩、火山岩为容矿岩石。构造
破碎蚀变岩，北东东一近东西向断裂带控制着铜矿的分布、低级别的韧性断裂带为容矿构
造，华力西中期钾长花岗岩是形成铜矿床的能量来源，围岩蚀变以硅化、黄铁矿化、绿泥
石化、绢云母化、碳酸盐化。
Volcanic rock mineral-bearing features of Lower Carboniferous
Darhalange mountain formation in Xijiang YLi area and gold.
copper ore deposit's mineralization ruIe
Abstact In this paper,the author collects adequately former researchfu1 fruit to ana1yse
syntheticalIy volcanic rock features and mineral-bearing quality of Lower Carboniferous
Darhalange mountain formation in Xijiang area with the field operation of the authorDeposit
character that Au. Cu are main in volcanic rock is systemically researched.FinaIly mineraIization
ru1e of Au and Cu is summarized.
Through investigation, the author finds vo1canic rock of Lower Carboniferous Darha1ange
mountain formation in Xijiang Yili area distributes in Berlukener Mountain north to Yili Basin.
Yshengilic-Charbucher Mountain in the middle of Yi1i and at the edge of Nalarty Mountain.It is
one of important and advantageous producing formations in this area.
VOlcanic rock of Darhalange seriers in Tulas VOIcanic Basin south to Berlukerner Mountain
which erupts in continental facies environment has drastic volcanic activity and it's rock facies
change greatly.Intermidiate acidity rock and acidity rock are main,and basic rock and intermidiate
basic rock are secondary It appears in the form of lava and effiata,somCtimes having
volcaniclastic sedimentary rock. Volcanic rock of Darhalange fOrmation in the middle of Yili
which erupts in ocean and continental environment varies complicatedly and has different
composition. in different areas.which erupts in ocean and continental environment Intermidiate
acidity rock is main,and basic rock is secondary. At the bottom is smalI normal holoclastic
rock,efflata is in the middle,and at the top is lava.
VOlcanic rock of Darhalange fOrmation in Yili basin forms in rift enviroment. Volcanic rock
of DarhaIange seriers in Berlukerner Mountain fOrms in s1ack rift ancient continenta1 margin
environment.In the main al1 are outcome in rift environment.
VoIcanic rock of Darhalange seriers abounds with Au. Cu. Pb. Zn. Ag. As. Sb. Mg etc
which are sulfophile mineralization elements.Every element variation coefficient changes
between 0.58 and 2. l9 be1ong to differential and strong differentiaI distribution which is typical
character of mineral resource layer.lt is the most advantageous formation searching Au. Cu
mineral resource.
Volcanic rock of Lower Carboniferous DarhaIange mountain formation in Tusuler Basin
relates c1oseIy with gold mineralization.As volcanic rock of DarhaIange seriers in Yiili Basin as
is concerned,mineraIization is easy in the south Nalarty Mountain north edge,and Cu shouId be
the most possible mineraIization eIement.
Gold mines concentrating most1y in the Tularsu vo1canic basin are supergene
epithermal,which are also divided into adularia-sericite and silicified rock according to
geological mineralization stucture condition mineralization features and mineral accretion combination.Mineralization epoch is Variscan metaphase. Mineralization substances s origin is Cd2 which is main mineral resource layer of inhomogeneous gold mine mineralization in this area.Gold mine is controlled strictly by volcanic framework.Adularia-sericite gold mine is formed in the rifling near to vocanic activity center,but silicified rock gold mine is formed in the weak framework strip far to vocanic activity center. Adularia-sericite type relating with gold mineralization is calc-alkaline formation (partly alkaline formation) intermediate acidity volcanic rocks dacitic breccia lava and quartz hungarite porphyrite.Wall rock erosion is mainly silicification.. kaolinization.. pyritization. adularization and sericitization. silicified rock type relates with deposit breccia.. volcanic breccia of Cd2. Wall rock erosion is mainly silicification.. sericitization and arsenopyritization. Adularia-sericite gold mine is geochemical sign is the abnormal section of Au.. Ag.. As.. Sb.. Te.. Se etc low-temperature element combination;silicified rock gold mine geochemical sign is the enrichment of
引文
[1] 新疆地质局区域地质测量大队，1972—1987。1∶20万卡因特卡拉苏幅、昭苏幅、莫合尔幅、阿尔夏腾别力其尔幅、汗腾格里峰幅、却响幅区域地质调查报告。
[2] 新疆地质局第一地质大队，1991。伊犁地区1∶50万金、铜、铅锌成矿预测报告。
[3] 新疆305项目85—902—04课题，1995。西天山成矿区成矿地质条件与矿产资源综合评价研究。
[4] 新疆地质矿产局，1992。新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志。地质出版社。
[5] 王宝瑜等，1994。中国天山西段地质剖面综合研究。科学出版社。
[6] 新疆地质矿产局，1995。新疆维吾尔自治区矿产志。
[7] 刘德权等，1996。中国新疆矿床成矿系列。地质出版社。
[8] 何国琦等，1994。中国新疆古生代地壳演化与成矿。新疆人民出版社。
[9] 新疆305项目Ⅲ_5课题，1989。东天山火山岩及其含矿性研究
[10] 成都地质学院，1986。地球化学(上、下册)。
[11] 邱家骧，1983。岩浆岩石学。地质出版社。
[12] 毋瑞身等，西天山金、铜矿地质特征简述，贵金属地质，1998．7(1)。
[13] 漆树基等，新疆阿希地区大哈拉军山组火山岩金元素地球化学及其成矿关系，新疆地质，1994．12(2)。
[14] 李本海等，新疆阿希金矿Ⅰ号矿床矿石特征及其成因意义，新疆地质，1994．12(2)。
[15] 赵树铭，关于新疆古生代大陆裂谷的探讨，新疆地质，1994．6(3)。
[16] 沙德铭，西天山吐拉苏地区金矿构造控矿特征，贵金属地质，1996．5(3)。
[17] 姜常义，从岛弧向裂谷的变迁——来自阿吾拉勒地区火山岩的证据，岩石矿物学杂志，1995．14(4)。
[18] 扬树德，新疆内生铜矿成矿规律及找矿方向探讨，新疆地质，1988．6(2)。
[19] 赵树铭，伊犁板块的演化及其成矿规律，1995。新疆第三界天山地质矿产学术讨论会。
[20] 廖启林，新疆西天山地区铜、金矿床地球化学成矿背景及其找矿方向初探，1995。新疆第三界天山地质矿产学术讨论会。
[2] 新疆地质局第一地质大队，1991。伊犁地区1∶50万金、铜、铅锌成矿预测报告。
[3] 新疆305项目85—902—04课题，1995。西天山成矿区成矿地质条件与矿产资源综合评价研究。
[4] 新疆地质矿产局，1992。新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志。地质出版社。
[5] 王宝瑜等，1994。中国天山西段地质剖面综合研究。科学出版社。
[6] 新疆地质矿产局，1995。新疆维吾尔自治区矿产志。
[7] 刘德权等，1996。中国新疆矿床成矿系列。地质出版社。
[8] 何国琦等，1994。中国新疆古生代地壳演化与成矿。新疆人民出版社。
[9] 新疆305项目Ⅲ_5课题，1989。东天山火山岩及其含矿性研究
[10] 成都地质学院，1986。地球化学(上、下册)。
[11] 邱家骧，1983。岩浆岩石学。地质出版社。
[12] 毋瑞身等，西天山金、铜矿地质特征简述，贵金属地质，1998．7(1)。
[13] 漆树基等，新疆阿希地区大哈拉军山组火山岩金元素地球化学及其成矿关系，新疆地质，1994．12(2)。
[14] 李本海等，新疆阿希金矿Ⅰ号矿床矿石特征及其成因意义，新疆地质，1994．12(2)。
[15] 赵树铭，关于新疆古生代大陆裂谷的探讨，新疆地质，1994．6(3)。
[16] 沙德铭，西天山吐拉苏地区金矿构造控矿特征，贵金属地质，1996．5(3)。
[17] 姜常义，从岛弧向裂谷的变迁——来自阿吾拉勒地区火山岩的证据，岩石矿物学杂志，1995．14(4)。
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