船体强度状态监测技术研究
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摘要
随着经济全球化和国际贸易的日益发展,船舶作为各大洲之间进行货运物流的主要水上运输工具以其装载量大、费用低的优势作用日趋突出。随着船舶尺寸趋向大型化方向发展,结构也越来越复杂,因此船舶的强度安全问题越来越成为人们关注的一个热点问题。
本文针对船舶强度安全这一热点问题,在分析研究了其他大型工程结构物检测和健康监测技术手段的基础上,提出了利用先进的传感技术来进行船舶强度实时监测这一新课题。文章以集装箱船为应用对象,以进行船舶强度状态实时监测研究为目的,首先分析研究集装箱船结构、力学特征及各监测部位应变场特点,从理论上验证了对船舶进行强度实时监测的可行性。在综合研究集装箱船结构、力学特点及各种应变传感器技术特点的基础上,对船用传感器的适用传感技术进行优选研究,深入研究了实现对疲劳裂纹和应力集中部位状态的监测,进行了传感器优化布置实验研究。本文主要完成的研究内容有:
1)针对利用先进的传感技术来进行船舶强度实时监测这一新课题,以集装箱船为应用对象,分析了集装箱船的结构、力学特征及各监测部位的应变场特征,分析了进行船舶强度实时监测在技术上的可行性。
2)在综合分析集装箱船结构、力学特点及各类应变传感器技术特点的基础上,对船舶强度实时监测适用传感技术进行了优选研究。
3)针对集装箱船疲劳失效和应力集中问题突出的特点,以光纤Bragg光栅传感器为技术基础,通过有限元分析,对实现船舶疲劳裂纹监测和应力集中部位状态监测进行了深入研究。
4)在对集装箱船疲劳裂纹和应力集中的状态监测进行深入研究的基础上,为了对疲劳裂纹监测和应力集中部位状态监测进行传感器优化布置,设计了船体疲劳裂纹监测和集装箱船应力集中部位状态监测优化布置实验方案。
Along with economical globalization and international trade flourishing more and more daily, The ships are more important as a transportation tool sailing between each continent by its big capability and low expense, especially transporting petroleum、ore and grain. The ships size tends to larger scale and the structure is more complex also.
So ships security transport and business is attended more and more widely.
The article has studied technical method of examination, health monitor of large-scale structure based on the topic. It has proposed ships strength timely monitor based on advanced sensing technology. At first the article has studied structure and mechanics characteristic of container and strain field characteristic of each monitor spot in order to study ships strength timely monitor based on container. It has theoretically validated feasibility of the topic. And it carried select research to suitable sensing technology of ships and studied fatigue crack and the stress concentration spot condition monitor and optimization arrangement test project based on synthetic study of container structure, mechanics characteristic each of strain sensor technology characteristic. The research content of the article mainly include:
1) It has studied structure and mechanics characteristic of container and strain field characteristic of each monitor spot in order to study ships strength timely monitor based on container and has theoretically validated feasibility of the topic about container strength timely monitor.
2) It carried select research to suitable sensing technology of ships based on synthetic study of container structure, mechanics characteristic each of strain sensor technology characteristic.
3) It studied fatigue crack and the stress concentration spot state monitor aims at the prominent characteristic of container fatigue failure and the stress concentration based on optical fiber Bragg diffraction grating sensing technology.
4) In order to arrangement sensor to monitor fatigue crack and the stress concentration spot condition, the article has designed hull fatigue crack monitor and the container stress concentration spot condition monitor optimization arrangement test project.
本文针对船舶强度安全这一热点问题,在分析研究了其他大型工程结构物检测和健康监测技术手段的基础上,提出了利用先进的传感技术来进行船舶强度实时监测这一新课题。文章以集装箱船为应用对象,以进行船舶强度状态实时监测研究为目的,首先分析研究集装箱船结构、力学特征及各监测部位应变场特点,从理论上验证了对船舶进行强度实时监测的可行性。在综合研究集装箱船结构、力学特点及各种应变传感器技术特点的基础上,对船用传感器的适用传感技术进行优选研究,深入研究了实现对疲劳裂纹和应力集中部位状态的监测,进行了传感器优化布置实验研究。本文主要完成的研究内容有:
1)针对利用先进的传感技术来进行船舶强度实时监测这一新课题,以集装箱船为应用对象,分析了集装箱船的结构、力学特征及各监测部位的应变场特征,分析了进行船舶强度实时监测在技术上的可行性。
2)在综合分析集装箱船结构、力学特点及各类应变传感器技术特点的基础上,对船舶强度实时监测适用传感技术进行了优选研究。
3)针对集装箱船疲劳失效和应力集中问题突出的特点,以光纤Bragg光栅传感器为技术基础,通过有限元分析,对实现船舶疲劳裂纹监测和应力集中部位状态监测进行了深入研究。
4)在对集装箱船疲劳裂纹和应力集中的状态监测进行深入研究的基础上,为了对疲劳裂纹监测和应力集中部位状态监测进行传感器优化布置,设计了船体疲劳裂纹监测和集装箱船应力集中部位状态监测优化布置实验方案。
Along with economical globalization and international trade flourishing more and more daily, The ships are more important as a transportation tool sailing between each continent by its big capability and low expense, especially transporting petroleum、ore and grain. The ships size tends to larger scale and the structure is more complex also.
So ships security transport and business is attended more and more widely.
The article has studied technical method of examination, health monitor of large-scale structure based on the topic. It has proposed ships strength timely monitor based on advanced sensing technology. At first the article has studied structure and mechanics characteristic of container and strain field characteristic of each monitor spot in order to study ships strength timely monitor based on container. It has theoretically validated feasibility of the topic. And it carried select research to suitable sensing technology of ships and studied fatigue crack and the stress concentration spot condition monitor and optimization arrangement test project based on synthetic study of container structure, mechanics characteristic each of strain sensor technology characteristic. The research content of the article mainly include:
1) It has studied structure and mechanics characteristic of container and strain field characteristic of each monitor spot in order to study ships strength timely monitor based on container and has theoretically validated feasibility of the topic about container strength timely monitor.
2) It carried select research to suitable sensing technology of ships based on synthetic study of container structure, mechanics characteristic each of strain sensor technology characteristic.
3) It studied fatigue crack and the stress concentration spot state monitor aims at the prominent characteristic of container fatigue failure and the stress concentration based on optical fiber Bragg diffraction grating sensing technology.
4) In order to arrangement sensor to monitor fatigue crack and the stress concentration spot condition, the article has designed hull fatigue crack monitor and the container stress concentration spot condition monitor optimization arrangement test project.
引文
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[3]葛磺等,紫外写入光纤布喇格光栅的实验研究,光子学报,1997年3月
[4]现代传感器应用技术,王俊峰,孟令启等编著,机械工业出版社,2006年8月
[5]介质光波导及其应用,秦秉坤、孙雨南编著,北京理工大学出版社,1991年
[6]数据融合技术与船舶自动化,孟宪尧编著,大连海事大学出版社,2003年
[7]Sandeep Vohra,et al.Distributed Strain Monitoring with Arrays of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors on an h-Construction Steel Box-Girder Bridge,IEICE Trans.Electron.,Vol.E83-C,No.3 March,2000
[8]Norifumi Yasue,et al.Concrete Pipe Strain Measurement Using Optical Fiber Sensor,IEICE Trans.Electron.,Vol.E83-C,No.3 March 2000
[9]导波光学传感器:原理与技术,靳伟、廖延彪、张志鹏等著,科学出版社,1998年
[10]A.D.Kersey,T.A.Berkoff,W.W.Morey,High-resolution fiber-grating based strain sensor with interferometric wavelength-shift detection,Electron Lett.,Vol.28,No.3,1992,P236
[11]孙东亚,光纤测量技术及其在土木工程中的应用,中国水利水电科学院,1996
[12]现代传感器原理及应用,吕泉编著,清华大学出版社,2006年6月
[13]李爱群,缪长青等.润扬长江大桥结构健康监测系统研究.东南大学学报.2003.5
[14]罗尧治,翟振锋,沈雁彬.光纤传感技术在网架结构健康检测中应用.空间结构.2005
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[18]武湛君,张博明等.光纤传感器在民用建筑结构中的应用.哈尔滨工业大学学报.2001.4
[19]黄尚廉.智能结构系统-减灾防灾的研究前沿.土木工程学报.2000.4
[20]传感与测试技术,王昌明,孔德仁,何云峰编著,北京航空航天大学出版社,2005年6月
[21]传感器及应用手册,孙宝元,杨宝清编著,机械工业出版社,2004年4月
[22]传感器与测试技术,叶湘滨,罗武胜等编著,国防工业出版社,2007年4月
[23]传感技术与实验,张洪润,张亚凡编著,清华大学出版社,2005年7月
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[25]陈颧,罗展贤.21000/22600DWT多用途/集装箱船结构设计和直接强度计算.船舶.1999年04期
[26]胡勇,崔维成.无加筋平板极限强度的简化解析法与规范公式的比较.中国造船.44(2):8-15
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[28]陆春晖,火开口集装箱船若干强度问题的研究,上海交通大学硕士论文,2007年2月
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[32]Germanischer Lloyd Rules for classification of steel ships 2000
[33]陆红干,陆利平,31 OOTEU集装箱船扭转强度研究,船舶设计通讯,2004年,第2期
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