中国西北地区网衣属地衣的研究
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摘要
网衣属(Lecidea)隶属于真菌界(Fungi)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes)、茶渍目(Lecanorales)、网衣科(Lecideaceae)。网衣属地衣大多为壳状,主要着生于岩石和树皮上,广布于世界各地。目前广义的网衣属约有400种,狭义的网衣属约有100种,是地衣中种类较多的属。
本论文综述了世界和中国网衣属地衣的研究简史及现状。对采自中国西北地区及西藏地区的网衣属地衣标本从形态学、解剖学、化学、地理学和生态学等方面进行了综合研究,报道了该属地衣20种,其中,中国新记录16种:黑褐网衣(Lecidea atrobrunnea),藓网衣(L. berengeriana),林氏网衣(L. cinerata),布氏网衣(L. brodoana),灰网衣(L. diducens),裂网衣(L. mannii),红叶网衣(L. erythrophaea),暗棕网衣(L. fuscoatrata),红褐网衣(L. fuscoatrina),内生网衣(L. kingmanii),劳网衣(L. laboriosa),拟菌网衣(L. pseudaglaea),鳞片网衣(L. sauteri),楔网衣(L. spheniscidarum),亚白网衣(L. subleucothallina),和亚贫瘠网衣(L. subpaupercula)。
使用薄层层析方法并结合化学显色反应,测定出研究的网衣属地衣含有11种地衣次生代谢产物,分别属于缩酚酸类、缩酚酸环醚类、苔黑酚类等,并总结了这11种化学物质的薄层色谱特征。文中对研究的20种网衣属地衣从形态、解剖、化学、生境和地理方面进行了详细描述,并提供了分种检索表。每个种均附有地衣体的外部形态图;提供了网衣属地衣的子囊和孢子特征图。
本论文首次对我国西部地区的网衣属地衣进行了系统研究,分析了该属地衣在不同海拔和生境中的分布,为地衣型真菌系统演化的研究提供了基本信息,也为中国地衣志的编写提供了资料。
Lecidea is classified into Lecideaceae which is under Lecanorales, Ascomycetes, Ascomycota, Fungi. The thallus of Lecidea is mainly crustose, and grows on rocks or bark of trees. Lecidea is one of the largest genera with worldwide distribution. Lecidea sensu stricto contains about 100 species, and Lecidea sensu lato is composed of a hetero genus assemblage of well over 400 species.
The studies of the lichen genus Lecidea are performed according to the morphology, anatomy, chemistry, geography and ecology on the basis of investigation of the specimens from Northwestern China. Twenty species are reported in this paper. Among them sixteen species are reported as new to China, they are Lecidea atrobrunnea (subsp. atrobrunnea, subsp. stictica,subsp. saxosa),L. cinerata, L. berengeriana, L. brodoana, L. diducen, L. mannii, L. erythrophaea, L. fuscoatrata, L. fuscoatrina, L. kingmanii, L. laboriosa, L. sauteri, L. pseudaglaea, L. spheniscidarum, L. subleucothallina, L. subpaupercula.
The chemical constituents are identified by using thin layer chromatography and chemical spot test. Twenty substances are detected from the Lecidea specimens examined. The TLC characters of these substances are also provided. The key to species is presented in the paper. Each specie is described morphologically, anatomically, chemically and geographically in detail. The morphological photos of the thalli of all the species are provided, and a figure illustrating the ascus and spores of the genus is also given in the paper.
本论文综述了世界和中国网衣属地衣的研究简史及现状。对采自中国西北地区及西藏地区的网衣属地衣标本从形态学、解剖学、化学、地理学和生态学等方面进行了综合研究,报道了该属地衣20种,其中,中国新记录16种:黑褐网衣(Lecidea atrobrunnea),藓网衣(L. berengeriana),林氏网衣(L. cinerata),布氏网衣(L. brodoana),灰网衣(L. diducens),裂网衣(L. mannii),红叶网衣(L. erythrophaea),暗棕网衣(L. fuscoatrata),红褐网衣(L. fuscoatrina),内生网衣(L. kingmanii),劳网衣(L. laboriosa),拟菌网衣(L. pseudaglaea),鳞片网衣(L. sauteri),楔网衣(L. spheniscidarum),亚白网衣(L. subleucothallina),和亚贫瘠网衣(L. subpaupercula)。
使用薄层层析方法并结合化学显色反应,测定出研究的网衣属地衣含有11种地衣次生代谢产物,分别属于缩酚酸类、缩酚酸环醚类、苔黑酚类等,并总结了这11种化学物质的薄层色谱特征。文中对研究的20种网衣属地衣从形态、解剖、化学、生境和地理方面进行了详细描述,并提供了分种检索表。每个种均附有地衣体的外部形态图;提供了网衣属地衣的子囊和孢子特征图。
本论文首次对我国西部地区的网衣属地衣进行了系统研究,分析了该属地衣在不同海拔和生境中的分布,为地衣型真菌系统演化的研究提供了基本信息,也为中国地衣志的编写提供了资料。
Lecidea is classified into Lecideaceae which is under Lecanorales, Ascomycetes, Ascomycota, Fungi. The thallus of Lecidea is mainly crustose, and grows on rocks or bark of trees. Lecidea is one of the largest genera with worldwide distribution. Lecidea sensu stricto contains about 100 species, and Lecidea sensu lato is composed of a hetero genus assemblage of well over 400 species.
The studies of the lichen genus Lecidea are performed according to the morphology, anatomy, chemistry, geography and ecology on the basis of investigation of the specimens from Northwestern China. Twenty species are reported in this paper. Among them sixteen species are reported as new to China, they are Lecidea atrobrunnea (subsp. atrobrunnea, subsp. stictica,subsp. saxosa),L. cinerata, L. berengeriana, L. brodoana, L. diducen, L. mannii, L. erythrophaea, L. fuscoatrata, L. fuscoatrina, L. kingmanii, L. laboriosa, L. sauteri, L. pseudaglaea, L. spheniscidarum, L. subleucothallina, L. subpaupercula.
The chemical constituents are identified by using thin layer chromatography and chemical spot test. Twenty substances are detected from the Lecidea specimens examined. The TLC characters of these substances are also provided. The key to species is presented in the paper. Each specie is described morphologically, anatomically, chemically and geographically in detail. The morphological photos of the thalli of all the species are provided, and a figure illustrating the ascus and spores of the genus is also given in the paper.
引文
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