安全管理体系质量评估方法研究
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摘要
本文在对已有成果深入研究的基础上,形成以现代事故致因链为理论基础的安全管理体系评估框架,设计了包含安全文化、组织结构和安全管理业务运行方案的12个一级指标和35个二级指标体系。根据成熟度理论模型将评估指标分为五个等级,并详细规定了指标定量测评标准和方法；综合考虑多种评估方法的适用性和赋权结果的一致性对指标进行赋权,并以基于指标认同率的赋权方法解决二级指标赋权过程中可能出现的严重不一致问题；以ISRS、NOSA、API和安全标准化四种安全管理体系评估方法为参考,计算各级指标权重。合理性评价表明,一级指标组合赋权结果贴近度达到91.0%。建立了基于集对分析理论的综合评估模型,实现安全管理体系的定性、定量和动态评估。实证研究表明,评估模型的结论与国际安全评级系统评估、安全标准化审核和安全文化测评结果具有高度的一致性,评估结果可靠。
In this paper, on the basis of deeply research on the achievements for safety management system assessment(SMSA), a modern chain relationship of accident causation based SMSA framework was constructed firstly. Then, the SMSA indicator system, including12primary indicators and35secondary indicators, was designed to integrate the safety culture, organization structure and basic business of safety management into a whole. Secondly, according to Capacity Maturity Model, the indicators were divided into five grades and the standard and method of quantitative measurement were laid down. The weighting method of indicators was determined taking the usability and results' conformity of different assessment methods into account. The problem of serious inconformity, which might exist in the weighting of secondary indicators, was resolved by means of identity ratio based weighting. The weights of primary and secondary indicators were calculated according to the indicator scores in ISRS, NOSA, API and Basic Norms for Work Safety Standardization(BNWSS). The rationality evaluation showed that the close degree of the combinational weighting results for primary indicators reached91%. Finally, set-pair theory was introduced to comprehensive SMSA, which could simultaneously fulfill the requirement of qualitative, quantitative and dynamical assessment of SMS. The practical research showed that the conclusion drawn from the assessment model was credible in that it agreed with those from ISRS assessment, BNWSS audit and safety culture measurement.
In this paper, on the basis of deeply research on the achievements for safety management system assessment(SMSA), a modern chain relationship of accident causation based SMSA framework was constructed firstly. Then, the SMSA indicator system, including12primary indicators and35secondary indicators, was designed to integrate the safety culture, organization structure and basic business of safety management into a whole. Secondly, according to Capacity Maturity Model, the indicators were divided into five grades and the standard and method of quantitative measurement were laid down. The weighting method of indicators was determined taking the usability and results' conformity of different assessment methods into account. The problem of serious inconformity, which might exist in the weighting of secondary indicators, was resolved by means of identity ratio based weighting. The weights of primary and secondary indicators were calculated according to the indicator scores in ISRS, NOSA, API and Basic Norms for Work Safety Standardization(BNWSS). The rationality evaluation showed that the close degree of the combinational weighting results for primary indicators reached91%. Finally, set-pair theory was introduced to comprehensive SMSA, which could simultaneously fulfill the requirement of qualitative, quantitative and dynamical assessment of SMS. The practical research showed that the conclusion drawn from the assessment model was credible in that it agreed with those from ISRS assessment, BNWSS audit and safety culture measurement.
引文
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