基于DSP的计算机控制技术类课程实验平台的研究
|
摘要
计算机控制系统在工业过程中的应用越来越普及，要求从事过程控制的工程技术人员必须掌握计算机控制技术的相关理论基础、控制策略、数据通讯、网络技术、硬件以及软件等诸多方面的专门知识与技术。因此计算机控制技术课程被许多高校的信息学科自动化、计算机应用、电子信息及电气工程等专业列为一门专业必修课。为了能让学生在学习理论知识的过程中对计算机控制系统的组成、结构及功能有更加清晰的认识和更加深入的理解，配合一些与课程进度相适应的实验，是十分必要的手段。此外，由于DSP芯片在工业控制、商用及民用电子设备领域中越来越多的被使用，了解DSP芯片工作原理，熟悉DSP系统设计、调试方法也是相关领域工程技术人员需要掌握的技术之一。
本课题就是根据上述实际需要而研制的基于DSP的计算机控制技术类课程实验平台。学生可以完整的参与控制系统搭建的各个环节，包括对控制对象进行模型辨识、选择系统输入信号的类型、确定控制系统的结构、传递函数、选择控制算法等，并根据得到的不同控制效果，分析系统的性能，加深对各种控制方法适用范围及控制参数用途的理解。同时，还对控制对象进行了模糊控制、Fuzzy-PID控制的Matlab的仿真，比较了几种不同控制方法对相同控制对象的控制效果。
本系统在硬件设计方面，采用TI公司生产的TMS320F2812 DSP芯片作为控制器，搭建了一个完整的测控系统，实现了对直流电机的转速采集和控制；同时，扩展了一些外围接口，为学生了解DSP系统的功能、学习DSP系统的设计、调试提供了平台。软件设计方面，实验台部分软件采用C语言编写，在TI公司提供的集成开发环境CCS下进行开发；上位机部分，在Windows XP操作系统下，选用Visual Basic语言开发学生操作界面，并在Matlab下进行模糊控制算法的仿真。实验台和上位机通过串行通信接口实现实时通信。
The application of computer control system in industry process becomes more and more widespread. And that may need the technicians who do the related works have to obtain the special knowledges and techniques like theory and strategy of control, data communication, hardware and software design of computer control system. So computer control system has been picked as a required course for the students who are major in information automation, computer application, electronic and electrical engineering in many universities and colleges. In order to make the students have more deeply and clearly understand about the structure and function of the computer control system, it is necessary to provide some experiments according to the schedule of course. Besides, as DSP has been used in industry control systems and commercial or civil electric devices more and more regularly, to know about the principle of DSP and how to design and debug DSP system is one of the most important techniques which should be obtained by the technicians in the related fields.
Because of the practical needs presented above, the main purpose of this topic is to provide an experiment system for students who have computer control technique courses based on DSP. The main function of the experiment system is to control the model that is a DC motor in this system by PID control after identifying the model. And users could observe the different results of the control method by changing the control parameters. So they could got a profound understand for this control method and the usage of the parameters. At the same time, Fuzzy control and Fuzzy-PID control emulation have been made according to the identified motor model by Matlab, and the different results of these methods have been analyzed.
In hardware design, the TMS320F2812 DSP is the core CPU of this system that accomplished the control of the DC motor. Besides, some peripheral interfaces are extended. So the system could be an experiment board for DSP system designing as well. In software design, the experiment board applies the CCS development platform and C language to realize the functions. With Windows XP system, Visual Basic language is used to develop the operation interface for the users.
本课题就是根据上述实际需要而研制的基于DSP的计算机控制技术类课程实验平台。学生可以完整的参与控制系统搭建的各个环节，包括对控制对象进行模型辨识、选择系统输入信号的类型、确定控制系统的结构、传递函数、选择控制算法等，并根据得到的不同控制效果，分析系统的性能，加深对各种控制方法适用范围及控制参数用途的理解。同时，还对控制对象进行了模糊控制、Fuzzy-PID控制的Matlab的仿真，比较了几种不同控制方法对相同控制对象的控制效果。
本系统在硬件设计方面，采用TI公司生产的TMS320F2812 DSP芯片作为控制器，搭建了一个完整的测控系统，实现了对直流电机的转速采集和控制；同时，扩展了一些外围接口，为学生了解DSP系统的功能、学习DSP系统的设计、调试提供了平台。软件设计方面，实验台部分软件采用C语言编写，在TI公司提供的集成开发环境CCS下进行开发；上位机部分，在Windows XP操作系统下，选用Visual Basic语言开发学生操作界面，并在Matlab下进行模糊控制算法的仿真。实验台和上位机通过串行通信接口实现实时通信。
The application of computer control system in industry process becomes more and more widespread. And that may need the technicians who do the related works have to obtain the special knowledges and techniques like theory and strategy of control, data communication, hardware and software design of computer control system. So computer control system has been picked as a required course for the students who are major in information automation, computer application, electronic and electrical engineering in many universities and colleges. In order to make the students have more deeply and clearly understand about the structure and function of the computer control system, it is necessary to provide some experiments according to the schedule of course. Besides, as DSP has been used in industry control systems and commercial or civil electric devices more and more regularly, to know about the principle of DSP and how to design and debug DSP system is one of the most important techniques which should be obtained by the technicians in the related fields.
Because of the practical needs presented above, the main purpose of this topic is to provide an experiment system for students who have computer control technique courses based on DSP. The main function of the experiment system is to control the model that is a DC motor in this system by PID control after identifying the model. And users could observe the different results of the control method by changing the control parameters. So they could got a profound understand for this control method and the usage of the parameters. At the same time, Fuzzy control and Fuzzy-PID control emulation have been made according to the identified motor model by Matlab, and the different results of these methods have been analyzed.
In hardware design, the TMS320F2812 DSP is the core CPU of this system that accomplished the control of the DC motor. Besides, some peripheral interfaces are extended. So the system could be an experiment board for DSP system designing as well. In software design, the experiment board applies the CCS development platform and C language to realize the functions. With Windows XP system, Visual Basic language is used to develop the operation interface for the users.
引文
[1] 杨自厚等．自动控制原理．冶金工业出版社，1999
[2] 杨平，余洁等．自动控制原理实验与实践，2005
[3] 王晓明．电动机的单片机控制．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[4] 李福进，陈至坤等．基于单片机的转速测量方法．工矿自动化，2006．2
[5] 赵长安等．控制系统设计手册(上册)．国防工业出版社，1991．1
[6] 陶永华，尹怡欣等．新型PID控制及其应用．机械工业出版社，1995．1
[7] 李运涛．模糊一PID控制技术在钞纸干燥系统中的应用研究．四川大学，2004
[8] 汤兵勇等．模糊控制理论与应用技术．清华大学出版社，2002
[9] Zadeh L A. Fuzzy Sets. Information Contional, 1965.8
[10] 王磊，王为民．模糊控制理论及应用．国防工业出版社，1997．3
[11] 段明详．工业控制计算机发展现状、趋势和策略．工业控制计算机，2000．5
[12] 李单，谢植，程杰．模糊控制在温度控制系统中应用与发展．黄金学报，2002．12
[13] 张雄伟，曹铁勇．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用．电子工业出版社，2001．2
[14] 苏涛，蔺丽华等．DSP实用技术．西安电子科技大学出版社，2002．6
[15] 苏奎峰，吕强等．TMS320F2812原理与开发．电子工业出版社，2005．4
[16] Texas instruments incorporated，张卫宁．TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设．清华大学出版社，2005．1
[17] 王琰．基于高性能DSP的交流传动系统研究．华中科技大学，2004
[18] 田红，张晓斌等．低压CPLD的混合电压系统设计．单片机及嵌入式系统应用
[19] Texas Instruments. 3.3V DSP for Digital Motor Control, 1999
[20] Texas Instruments. TMS320F28x Event Manager (EV) Reference Guide, 2002
[21] 缪晓中．一种基于Intel8253与L298N的电机PWM调速方法．国外电子元器件，2005．12
[22] 邬宽明．CAN总线原理和应用系统设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1996
[23] 阳宪惠．现场总线技术及应用．北京航空航天大学出版社，1999
[25] 李驹光，聂雪媛．ARM应用系统开发详解——基于S3C4510B的系统设计．清华大学出版社，2003
[26] Texas Instruments.TMS320F28x DSP Serial Communication Interface (SCI) Reference Guide, 2003
[27] Texas Instruments. TMS320F28x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide, 2003
[28] Texas Instruments. TMS320x281x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide, 2005
[29] Texas Instruments. TMS320F28x DSP Peripherals Reference Guide, 2003
[30] 刘金琨．先进PID控制MATLAB仿真．电子工业出版社，2006
[31] 张志涌．精通MATLAB6.5版．北京航空航天大学出版社，2003
[32] 刘敏，魏玲．MATLAB通信仿真与应用．国防工业出版社，2001
[33] 毛楠．电子电路抗干扰使用技术．国防工业出版社，1996
[34] 张松春等．电子控制设备抗干扰技术及其应用．机械工业出版社，1995
[35] 余祖俊，史红梅．机电测控系统工程设计．北方交通大学出版社，1999
[36] 高鹏．电路设计与制版-Protel 99入门与提高．人民邮电出版社，2000
[37] 胡汉才．单片机原理及其接口技术．清华大学出版社，1996
[38] 黄立培．电动机控制．清华大学出版社，2003
[39 李鸿吉．Visual Basic6.0编程方法详解．科学出版社，2001
[40] 谭浩强．C程序设计．清华大学出版社，1999
[41] Sant，J著，张玉亭编译．C语言编程指南．中科院希望高级电脑技术公司，1991
[2] 杨平，余洁等．自动控制原理实验与实践，2005
[3] 王晓明．电动机的单片机控制．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[4] 李福进，陈至坤等．基于单片机的转速测量方法．工矿自动化，2006．2
[5] 赵长安等．控制系统设计手册(上册)．国防工业出版社，1991．1
[6] 陶永华，尹怡欣等．新型PID控制及其应用．机械工业出版社，1995．1
[7] 李运涛．模糊一PID控制技术在钞纸干燥系统中的应用研究．四川大学，2004
[8] 汤兵勇等．模糊控制理论与应用技术．清华大学出版社，2002
[9] Zadeh L A. Fuzzy Sets. Information Contional, 1965.8
[10] 王磊，王为民．模糊控制理论及应用．国防工业出版社，1997．3
[11] 段明详．工业控制计算机发展现状、趋势和策略．工业控制计算机，2000．5
[12] 李单，谢植，程杰．模糊控制在温度控制系统中应用与发展．黄金学报，2002．12
[13] 张雄伟，曹铁勇．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用．电子工业出版社，2001．2
[14] 苏涛，蔺丽华等．DSP实用技术．西安电子科技大学出版社，2002．6
[15] 苏奎峰，吕强等．TMS320F2812原理与开发．电子工业出版社，2005．4
[16] Texas instruments incorporated，张卫宁．TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设．清华大学出版社，2005．1
[17] 王琰．基于高性能DSP的交流传动系统研究．华中科技大学，2004
[18] 田红，张晓斌等．低压CPLD的混合电压系统设计．单片机及嵌入式系统应用
[19] Texas Instruments. 3.3V DSP for Digital Motor Control, 1999
[20] Texas Instruments. TMS320F28x Event Manager (EV) Reference Guide, 2002
[21] 缪晓中．一种基于Intel8253与L298N的电机PWM调速方法．国外电子元器件，2005．12
[22] 邬宽明．CAN总线原理和应用系统设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1996
[23] 阳宪惠．现场总线技术及应用．北京航空航天大学出版社，1999
[25] 李驹光，聂雪媛．ARM应用系统开发详解——基于S3C4510B的系统设计．清华大学出版社，2003
[26] Texas Instruments.TMS320F28x DSP Serial Communication Interface (SCI) Reference Guide, 2003
[27] Texas Instruments. TMS320F28x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide, 2003
[28] Texas Instruments. TMS320x281x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide, 2005
[29] Texas Instruments. TMS320F28x DSP Peripherals Reference Guide, 2003
[30] 刘金琨．先进PID控制MATLAB仿真．电子工业出版社，2006
[31] 张志涌．精通MATLAB6.5版．北京航空航天大学出版社，2003
[32] 刘敏，魏玲．MATLAB通信仿真与应用．国防工业出版社，2001
[33] 毛楠．电子电路抗干扰使用技术．国防工业出版社，1996
[34] 张松春等．电子控制设备抗干扰技术及其应用．机械工业出版社，1995
[35] 余祖俊，史红梅．机电测控系统工程设计．北方交通大学出版社，1999
[36] 高鹏．电路设计与制版-Protel 99入门与提高．人民邮电出版社，2000
[37] 胡汉才．单片机原理及其接口技术．清华大学出版社，1996
[38] 黄立培．电动机控制．清华大学出版社，2003
[39 李鸿吉．Visual Basic6.0编程方法详解．科学出版社，2001
[40] 谭浩强．C程序设计．清华大学出版社，1999
[41] Sant，J著，张玉亭编译．C语言编程指南．中科院希望高级电脑技术公司，1991