物流业可持续发展系统分析与状态评价研究
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摘要
物流产业（简称物流业）是融合运输业、仓储业、货代业和信息业等的复合型服务产业，是国民经济的重要组成部分。但是，物流业在其发展过程中不仅消耗了大量的资源，同时对环境造成了极大的负外部性效应，严重违背了可持续发展的原则。因此，研究物流业可持续发展就成为必然。但是，目前针对物流业可持续发展研究存在一定缺陷，现有研究成果主要集中于两个方面：一是针对物流系统的单个功能要素开展的可持续发展策略研究，如运输、配送、包装的绿色化与可持续发展；二是从企业/行业或供应链角度对可持续发展的物流模式进行的研究，如循环物流、绿色物流、绿色供应链管理等。这些研究普遍从单个功能要素或单个企业物流模式角度进行分析，而没有将物流与资源、环境、经济、社会发展等作为一个整体来进行分析和研究，因而，缺乏从产业的角度对物流业可持续发展进行研究。正是存在这样的研究空白，给本文的深入研究留下了足够的研究空间。
物流业可持续发展问题是在资源、环境等问题日益突出进而影响到物流业及经济、社会发展的背景下产生的，理论和实践性较强。因此，本文从相关学科理论出发，进行了理论与方法层面上的应用研究。
本文整体上从物流业可持续发展系统分析、状态评价及实现机制等三个相互关联、又相互独立的问题进行了相关研究。
物流业可持续发展系统分析的研究任务是剖析该系统的特征、结构及功能。研究内容从分析系统的目标及特征入手，剖析了两大子系统即物流服务供给系统和物流服务需求系统的构成，并诠释了系统在生产、生活及社会方面应发挥的功能。在此基础上，研究了系统的演进动因、演进阶段和演进轨迹。
物流业可持续发展评价理论分析的研究任务是采取合适的方法较准确地衡量和测度评价对象的可持续发展程度。科学地构建评价指标体系、合理地选择评价方法是这一问题研究的关键内容。
对物流业可持续发展实现机制的研究，本文利用压力—状态—响应的内在分析机制，基于系统结构分析及评价理论，结合实证研究结论，分析了实现物流业可持续发展状态的决策点，并分别设计了相应的作用机制。
Logistics industry (logistics) is a compound service industry of transport, storage, freightagency and information industry, it is an important part of the national economy. However, inthe whole development process, the logistics industry consume not only resources, butproduce a great deal of negative external effects on the environment, this seriously runscounter to the principle of sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary and pressing tostudy on sustainable development of the logistics industry(SDLI). However, at present,existing achievements for the sustainable development of the logistics industry have certaindefects, they mainly focus on two areas: one is the sustainable development strategy researchfrom a single function of logistics system, such as the sustainable development oftransportation, distribution, packaging and on; the other is research from the angle ofenterprise/industry or supply chain s sustainable development, such as the loop logistics,green logistics, green supply chain management, etc. These studies generally analyze from asingle function element, or single enterprises' logistics mode, but do not release the logisticsand resources, environmental, economic and social development as a whole for analysis andresearch, as a result, they lack the research from industry's point of view on the sustainabledevelopment of the logistics industry. The article is just based on the above blanks to developaccording research.
The sustainable development of the logistics industry is produced on the belowbackground, resource and environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominentwhich in turn affect the logistics industry, economic and social development, it is of greatsignificance in theory and practice. Therefore, this article presents the theory and methodresearch from the related subjects.
The article mainly studies the systematic structure, efficiency evaluation, andimplementation mechanism of the SDLI. These three problems are related and independent oneach other.
To analyze the systematic structure of the SDLI is the analysis of the characters, structureand function. The contents begin with the systematic objectives and characters, study the twosubsystem s constitutions of logistics supply and demand system. It also explains the systematic function in production, life and society. On the basis of above, the articleresearches the evolving the motivative factors,the stage and the trace.
Evaluation theory analysis of the SDLI is the choice of the right method to measure andestimate the sustainable degree of the evaluated object. The key contents are to construct thethe evaluation indicator system scientifically and to choose the evaluation method reasonably.
The article addresses the “pressure-state-response” internal analysis mechanism to studythe implementation mechanism of the SDLI. Based on the structure analysis and evaluationtheory, combined with the concrete research conclusion, the article studies the major decisionpoints of the state of SDLI, simultaneously designs its effect mechanism directed againstevery decision point.
物流业可持续发展问题是在资源、环境等问题日益突出进而影响到物流业及经济、社会发展的背景下产生的，理论和实践性较强。因此，本文从相关学科理论出发，进行了理论与方法层面上的应用研究。
本文整体上从物流业可持续发展系统分析、状态评价及实现机制等三个相互关联、又相互独立的问题进行了相关研究。
物流业可持续发展系统分析的研究任务是剖析该系统的特征、结构及功能。研究内容从分析系统的目标及特征入手，剖析了两大子系统即物流服务供给系统和物流服务需求系统的构成，并诠释了系统在生产、生活及社会方面应发挥的功能。在此基础上，研究了系统的演进动因、演进阶段和演进轨迹。
物流业可持续发展评价理论分析的研究任务是采取合适的方法较准确地衡量和测度评价对象的可持续发展程度。科学地构建评价指标体系、合理地选择评价方法是这一问题研究的关键内容。
对物流业可持续发展实现机制的研究，本文利用压力—状态—响应的内在分析机制，基于系统结构分析及评价理论，结合实证研究结论，分析了实现物流业可持续发展状态的决策点，并分别设计了相应的作用机制。
Logistics industry (logistics) is a compound service industry of transport, storage, freightagency and information industry, it is an important part of the national economy. However, inthe whole development process, the logistics industry consume not only resources, butproduce a great deal of negative external effects on the environment, this seriously runscounter to the principle of sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary and pressing tostudy on sustainable development of the logistics industry(SDLI). However, at present,existing achievements for the sustainable development of the logistics industry have certaindefects, they mainly focus on two areas: one is the sustainable development strategy researchfrom a single function of logistics system, such as the sustainable development oftransportation, distribution, packaging and on; the other is research from the angle ofenterprise/industry or supply chain s sustainable development, such as the loop logistics,green logistics, green supply chain management, etc. These studies generally analyze from asingle function element, or single enterprises' logistics mode, but do not release the logisticsand resources, environmental, economic and social development as a whole for analysis andresearch, as a result, they lack the research from industry's point of view on the sustainabledevelopment of the logistics industry. The article is just based on the above blanks to developaccording research.
The sustainable development of the logistics industry is produced on the belowbackground, resource and environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominentwhich in turn affect the logistics industry, economic and social development, it is of greatsignificance in theory and practice. Therefore, this article presents the theory and methodresearch from the related subjects.
The article mainly studies the systematic structure, efficiency evaluation, andimplementation mechanism of the SDLI. These three problems are related and independent oneach other.
To analyze the systematic structure of the SDLI is the analysis of the characters, structureand function. The contents begin with the systematic objectives and characters, study the twosubsystem s constitutions of logistics supply and demand system. It also explains the systematic function in production, life and society. On the basis of above, the articleresearches the evolving the motivative factors,the stage and the trace.
Evaluation theory analysis of the SDLI is the choice of the right method to measure andestimate the sustainable degree of the evaluated object. The key contents are to construct thethe evaluation indicator system scientifically and to choose the evaluation method reasonably.
The article addresses the “pressure-state-response” internal analysis mechanism to studythe implementation mechanism of the SDLI. Based on the structure analysis and evaluationtheory, combined with the concrete research conclusion, the article studies the major decisionpoints of the state of SDLI, simultaneously designs its effect mechanism directed againstevery decision point.
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