透平叶栅气动特性实验研究
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摘要
为了研究透平叶栅流道内二次流及涡系的产生与运动,本文在低速叶栅风洞实验台上对某透平直叶栅气动特性进行了详细测量。首先,为了提高叶栅内流场的周期性对实验段进行了改造;然后,采用探针测量了叶栅入口边界层分布;采用流丝法对叶片表面及端壁做了流场显迹实验,得到了直观的壁面二次流流谱;采用多管压力计对叶片表面静压分布做了详细测量,并考虑了四种影响因素(Re,来流冲角,叶高,边界层厚度);采用PIV技术对叶栅流道近出口附近空间流场的二次流、尾迹流做了初步测量,获得了较清晰、完整的五个位置S3流面瞬时速度场信息。据此分析透平叶栅近出口附近二次流流动特性,为叶栅流场优化提供了有益参考。表明PIV技术完全适合透平机内部复杂流场测量,具有较高空间分辨率,是一种有效地测量瞬态整场工具,有着广阔的应用前景。
For the purpose of studying the formation and propagation of secondary flow vortices structure,the flow field around rectilinear turbine cascades have been probed in detail.This experiment is conducted in a low-speed cascade wind tunnel. Firstly,for the purpose of its symmetry and periodicity,the test equipment is altered; in order to acquire the nature of wind tunnel wall characteristics,thicknesses of cascades inlet boundary layers are surveyed.Secondly,the flow over blade surfaces and endwall surfaces are visualized by using thread at different Re and different incidence angles,the phenomena can be observed intuitively;the static pressures are taken on the suction and pressure surfaces by a“U”multiple-water-column manometer,four types of complication are taken into account.Finally,the measurements of velocity are taken at various axial planes within and downstream of the cascades by PIV,five instantaneous entire velocity fields along blade height and outlet plane are acquired.As a result,it is beneficial to optimize the blade flow field.In summary,PIV is a whole-field laser measurement technique,which can give the particularly instantaneous on-line velocity distribution;it has been widely employed to investigate the complicated internal flow fields in turbomachinery.
For the purpose of studying the formation and propagation of secondary flow vortices structure,the flow field around rectilinear turbine cascades have been probed in detail.This experiment is conducted in a low-speed cascade wind tunnel. Firstly,for the purpose of its symmetry and periodicity,the test equipment is altered; in order to acquire the nature of wind tunnel wall characteristics,thicknesses of cascades inlet boundary layers are surveyed.Secondly,the flow over blade surfaces and endwall surfaces are visualized by using thread at different Re and different incidence angles,the phenomena can be observed intuitively;the static pressures are taken on the suction and pressure surfaces by a“U”multiple-water-column manometer,four types of complication are taken into account.Finally,the measurements of velocity are taken at various axial planes within and downstream of the cascades by PIV,five instantaneous entire velocity fields along blade height and outlet plane are acquired.As a result,it is beneficial to optimize the blade flow field.In summary,PIV is a whole-field laser measurement technique,which can give the particularly instantaneous on-line velocity distribution;it has been widely employed to investigate the complicated internal flow fields in turbomachinery.
引文
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