超支化聚醚醚酮的制备及其作为粘度调节剂的研究
|
摘要
近些年来人们大都采用ABx,A2+B3的方法制备超支化聚醚醚酮,然而上述方法分别存在着各自的优缺点,ABx的方法没有凝胶区,不存在凝胶现象,但是制备结构单一,末端官能团唯一；A2+B3的方法制备的超支化聚合物结构多样化,但是存在凝胶区范围比较大的问题,得不到较高分子量的超支化聚合物。A2+BB'2的方法制备超支化聚合物,凝胶区较A2+B3方法的小,可以得到分子量较大的超支化聚合物,结构也可多样化。所以,本文拟采用A2+BB'2的方法制备超支化聚醚醚酮,以实现其应用。
采用两种不同结构的BB'2型单体,制备一系列的超支化聚合物。研究了A2+BB'2的聚合机理,并计算了不同比例的超支化聚醚醚酮支化度。选取了分子量最大,热稳定性能最好的氟封端超支化聚醚醚酮作为粘度调节剂,采用共混的方法制备了改性PEEK材料,研究了共混物的流变性能,力学性能,热学性能和结晶行为等。流变学数据表明,在剪切范围内共混物的剪切粘度低于线性聚醚醚酮的剪切粘度,超支化聚醚醚酮具有降低线形聚醚醚酮熔体粘度的作用。力学性能数据表明在添加量低于3%粘度调节剂时,机械性能较线性聚醚醚酮增加,当添加量超过3%时机械性能较线性聚醚醚酮降低。粘度调节剂的加入对材料的热稳定影响不大。超支化粘度调节剂对PEEK的结晶有促进作用。
为了更大限度的提高支化型粘度调节剂的应用范围,我们制备了结晶型超支化聚合物。并对共混物性质进行了研究,流变学数据表明其具有降低线性聚醚醚酮的熔体粘度的作用。对力学性质,热学性能影响不大。
Hyperbranched polymers have their unique physical and chemical properties due to their highly branched structure. Their globular shape, followed by the low hydrodynamic volume and melt viscosity make them can be used as a rheology modification for linear polymer with high melt viscosity
A fast and highly efficient approach for the synthesis of hyperbranched poly(ether ether ketone)s (HPEEKs) via the polycondensation of A2 and BB'2 monomers is described. Commercially available hydroquinone (HQ, A2 monomer) and easily synthesized 3,4',5-trifluorobenzophenone (TF-1, BB'2 monomer) and 2,4',6-trifluorobenzophenone (TF-2, BB'2 monomer) were thermally polycondensed to prepared fluoro- or phenolic-terminated HPEEKs with K2CO3 and Na2CO3 as catalysts. During the reaction, the fluorine at the 4'-position of TF reacts rapidly with the phenolic group of HQ, forming predominantly dimers and some other species. The dimer can be considered as a new AB'2 monomer. Further reactions among molecules AB'2 and AB'2 with some other species result in the formation of HPEEKs. The structures of the resultant polymers was revealed by IR,1H-NMR and 19F-NMR spectra.19F-NMR spectra The degree of branching of fluoro-terminated hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) of TF-1 series was determined to be in the range 28-52%, whereas the degree of branching of phenolic -terminated hyperbranched poly(ether ether ketone) of TF-1 series was determined to be 100%. The degree of branching of fluoro-terminated hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) of TF-2 series was determined to be in the range 50-57%, whereas the degree of branching of phenolic -terminated hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) of TF-2 series was determined to be 100%. These hyperbranched polymers exhibit excellent solubility in general organic solvents, and possess moderate molecular weights with the broad distributions. Moreover, the structure and performance of the HPEEKs can be conveniently regulated by adjusting the type and feed ratio of the two monomers.
Linear poly (ether ether ketone) (LPEEK) with high melt viscosity was blended with hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (HPEEK) to enhance its melt process ability without sacrificing comprehensive performance. The advantage of using HPEEK was its unique spherical shape, low melt viscosity and its easy access. Rheological measurement showed that blending LPEEK with as little as 1% HPEEK resulted in about 17% reduction of melt viscosity for HPEEK of TF-2 series. LPEEK/HPEEK blends only existed one glass transition temperature (Tg), indicating complete miscibility which resulted from similar molecular structure. The HPEEK content, as heterogeneous nucleating agent and rheology modifier, accelerated the crystallization rate of LPEEK. Remarkably, the mechanical properties of LPEEK increased within 3% content of HPEEK. The good miscibility was proposed to be responsible for the improved mechanical properties. Moreover, the addition of HPEEK slightly increased the thermal stability of LPEEK.
The above aforementioned hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (HPEEK) was amorphous, which make the application of linear poly (ether ether ketone) (LPEEK) be limited if LPEEK and HPEEK were blended. So we try to prepare crystalline hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) using methods of homopolymerization and copolymerization. However, the crystalline hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) was not obtained using the methord of homopolymerization, because the homopolymerization was limited due to the activity. We adopted random copolymerization and block copolymerization to prepare the crystalline hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone). In the case of random copolymerization, we prepared five ratios of hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone), in which the ratio of TF-2: B2 was from 1:1 to 1:5. Hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone)s were prepared successfully, as proven by NMR. Moreover, HPEEK was crystalline polymer when TF-2:B2≥1:3 TF-2: B2=1:3. In the case of block copolymerization, we also prepared five ratios of hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone), in which the ratio of TF-2-OH:B2 was from 1:4.03 to 1:8.03. Hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone)s were prepared successfully, as proven by NMR. Moreover, HPEEK was crystalline polymer when TF-2-OH:B2≥1:6.03. Linear poly (ether ether ketone) (LPEEK) and the resultant hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (HPEEK) was blended. Four kinds of hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (random copolymer, TF-2:B2=1:3 and 1:4; block copolymer, TF-2-OH:B2=1:6.03 and 1:7.03) were choosen as rheology modification. The results shows that the melting viscosity wasn't reduced when the addition amount of random copolymer was 5%, while the melting viscosity reduced 20% when the addition amount of block copolymer was 5%,and their mechanical properties and thermal stability did not present obvious change.
采用两种不同结构的BB'2型单体,制备一系列的超支化聚合物。研究了A2+BB'2的聚合机理,并计算了不同比例的超支化聚醚醚酮支化度。选取了分子量最大,热稳定性能最好的氟封端超支化聚醚醚酮作为粘度调节剂,采用共混的方法制备了改性PEEK材料,研究了共混物的流变性能,力学性能,热学性能和结晶行为等。流变学数据表明,在剪切范围内共混物的剪切粘度低于线性聚醚醚酮的剪切粘度,超支化聚醚醚酮具有降低线形聚醚醚酮熔体粘度的作用。力学性能数据表明在添加量低于3%粘度调节剂时,机械性能较线性聚醚醚酮增加,当添加量超过3%时机械性能较线性聚醚醚酮降低。粘度调节剂的加入对材料的热稳定影响不大。超支化粘度调节剂对PEEK的结晶有促进作用。
为了更大限度的提高支化型粘度调节剂的应用范围,我们制备了结晶型超支化聚合物。并对共混物性质进行了研究,流变学数据表明其具有降低线性聚醚醚酮的熔体粘度的作用。对力学性质,热学性能影响不大。
Hyperbranched polymers have their unique physical and chemical properties due to their highly branched structure. Their globular shape, followed by the low hydrodynamic volume and melt viscosity make them can be used as a rheology modification for linear polymer with high melt viscosity
A fast and highly efficient approach for the synthesis of hyperbranched poly(ether ether ketone)s (HPEEKs) via the polycondensation of A2 and BB'2 monomers is described. Commercially available hydroquinone (HQ, A2 monomer) and easily synthesized 3,4',5-trifluorobenzophenone (TF-1, BB'2 monomer) and 2,4',6-trifluorobenzophenone (TF-2, BB'2 monomer) were thermally polycondensed to prepared fluoro- or phenolic-terminated HPEEKs with K2CO3 and Na2CO3 as catalysts. During the reaction, the fluorine at the 4'-position of TF reacts rapidly with the phenolic group of HQ, forming predominantly dimers and some other species. The dimer can be considered as a new AB'2 monomer. Further reactions among molecules AB'2 and AB'2 with some other species result in the formation of HPEEKs. The structures of the resultant polymers was revealed by IR,1H-NMR and 19F-NMR spectra.19F-NMR spectra The degree of branching of fluoro-terminated hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) of TF-1 series was determined to be in the range 28-52%, whereas the degree of branching of phenolic -terminated hyperbranched poly(ether ether ketone) of TF-1 series was determined to be 100%. The degree of branching of fluoro-terminated hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) of TF-2 series was determined to be in the range 50-57%, whereas the degree of branching of phenolic -terminated hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) of TF-2 series was determined to be 100%. These hyperbranched polymers exhibit excellent solubility in general organic solvents, and possess moderate molecular weights with the broad distributions. Moreover, the structure and performance of the HPEEKs can be conveniently regulated by adjusting the type and feed ratio of the two monomers.
Linear poly (ether ether ketone) (LPEEK) with high melt viscosity was blended with hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (HPEEK) to enhance its melt process ability without sacrificing comprehensive performance. The advantage of using HPEEK was its unique spherical shape, low melt viscosity and its easy access. Rheological measurement showed that blending LPEEK with as little as 1% HPEEK resulted in about 17% reduction of melt viscosity for HPEEK of TF-2 series. LPEEK/HPEEK blends only existed one glass transition temperature (Tg), indicating complete miscibility which resulted from similar molecular structure. The HPEEK content, as heterogeneous nucleating agent and rheology modifier, accelerated the crystallization rate of LPEEK. Remarkably, the mechanical properties of LPEEK increased within 3% content of HPEEK. The good miscibility was proposed to be responsible for the improved mechanical properties. Moreover, the addition of HPEEK slightly increased the thermal stability of LPEEK.
The above aforementioned hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (HPEEK) was amorphous, which make the application of linear poly (ether ether ketone) (LPEEK) be limited if LPEEK and HPEEK were blended. So we try to prepare crystalline hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) using methods of homopolymerization and copolymerization. However, the crystalline hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) was not obtained using the methord of homopolymerization, because the homopolymerization was limited due to the activity. We adopted random copolymerization and block copolymerization to prepare the crystalline hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone). In the case of random copolymerization, we prepared five ratios of hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone), in which the ratio of TF-2: B2 was from 1:1 to 1:5. Hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone)s were prepared successfully, as proven by NMR. Moreover, HPEEK was crystalline polymer when TF-2:B2≥1:3 TF-2: B2=1:3. In the case of block copolymerization, we also prepared five ratios of hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone), in which the ratio of TF-2-OH:B2 was from 1:4.03 to 1:8.03. Hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone)s were prepared successfully, as proven by NMR. Moreover, HPEEK was crystalline polymer when TF-2-OH:B2≥1:6.03. Linear poly (ether ether ketone) (LPEEK) and the resultant hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (HPEEK) was blended. Four kinds of hyperbranched poly (ether ether ketone) (random copolymer, TF-2:B2=1:3 and 1:4; block copolymer, TF-2-OH:B2=1:6.03 and 1:7.03) were choosen as rheology modification. The results shows that the melting viscosity wasn't reduced when the addition amount of random copolymer was 5%, while the melting viscosity reduced 20% when the addition amount of block copolymer was 5%,and their mechanical properties and thermal stability did not present obvious change.
引文
[1]Jonas A and kegras R, Thermal stability and crystallization of poly(aryl ether ether ketone) [J]. Polymer,1991,32(15),2691-2706.
[2]Dell'Erba R, Groeninckx G, Maglio G, Malinconico M, and Migliozzi A. Immiscible polymer blends of semicrystalline biocompatible components:thermal properties and phase morphology analysis of PLLA/PCL blends [J]. Polymer,2001,42,7831-7840.
[3]Harth EM, Hecht S, Helm B, Malmstrom EE, FrechetJM J and Hawker CJ, The effect of macromolecular architecture in nanomaterials:A comparison of site isolation in porphyrin core dendrimers and their isomeric linear analogues [J]. Am. Chem. Soc, 2002,124,3926-3938.
[4]Turner SR, Voit BI and Mourey TH, All-aromatic hyperbranched polyesters with phenol and acetate end groups:synthesis and characterization [J]. Macromolecules,1993,26, 4617-4623.
[5]Emrick T, Chang HT and Frechet JMJ, An A (2)+B-3 approach to hyperbranched aliphatic polyethers containing chain end epoxy substituents[J]. Macromolecules,1999, 32,6380-6382.
[6]Yan DY and Gao C, Hyperbranched polymers made from A (2) and BB'(2) type monomers.1. Polyaddition of 1-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine to divinyl sulfone [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,7693-7699.
[7]Kim YH, Beckerbauer R. Role of end groups on the glass transition of hyperbranched polyphenylene and triphenylbenzenederivatives [J]. Macromolecules,1994,27, 1968-1971.
[8]Percec V, Chu P, Kawasumi M. Toward willowlike thermotropic dendrimers [J]. Macromolecules,1994,27,4441-4453.
[9]Kambouris P, Hawker CJ. A versatile new method forstructure determination in hyperbranched macromolecule [J]. Chem Soc, Perkin Trans,1993,1,2717-2727.
[10]Wooley KL, Fre'chet JMJ, Hawker CJ. Influence of shape on the reactivity and properties of dendritic, hyperbranched andlinear aromatic polyesters [J]. Polymer,1994, 35,4489-449
[11]Turner SR, Voit B, Mourey TH. All-aromatic hyperbranched polyesters with phenol and acetate end groups:synthesis and characterization [J]. Macromolecules,1993,26, 4617-4623.
[12]Turner SR. Hyperbranched polyesters and polyamides [J]. Polym Mater Sci Engng,1996,74,437-4388.
[13]Turner SR, Walter F, Voit B, Mourey TH. Hyperbranched aromatic polyesters with carboxylic acid terminal groups [J]. Macromolecules,994,27,1611-1616.
[14]Malmstro"m E, Johansson M, Hult A. Review of hyperbranched polyesters [J]. Polym News,1997,22,128.
[15]Hult A, Johansson M, Malmstro"m E, Sorensen K. Synthesis and polymerization of liquid crystalline donor-acceptor monomers [J]. Macromolecules,1996,29,1649-1654.
[16]Malmstro"m E, Hult A. Kinetics of formation of hyperbranchedpolyesters based on 2,2-bis(methylol)propionicacid[J]. Macromolecules,1996,29,1222-1228.
[17]Magnusson H, Malmstro"m E, Hult A. Structure buildup inhyperbranched polymers from 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionicacid [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,3099-3104.
[18]Trollsas M, Hedrick J, Mecerreyes O, Jerome R, Dubois P.Internal functionalization in hyperbranched polyesters [J]. Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem,1998,36,3187-3192.
[19]Kricheldorf HR, Stoeber O, Luebbers D. New polymerssynthesis.78. Star-shaped and hyperbranched polyesters bypolycondensation of trimethylsiyl 3,5-diacetoxybenzoate [J].Macromolecules,1995,28,2118-2123.
[20]Kricheldorf HR, Loehden G, Stoeber O. Telechelic, starshaped and hyperbranched aromatic polyesters [J]. Polym Prepr,1995,36(1):749-750.
[21]Kricheldorf HR, Stukenbrock T. New polymer synthesis. XCⅢ. Hyperbranched homo-and copolyesters derived fromgallic acid and b-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid [J]. PolymSci, Part A:Polym Chem,1998,36,2347-2357.
[22]Trollsa's M, Hedrick J L. Hyperbranched poly (1-caprolactone) derived from intrinsically branched AB2 macromonomers [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,4390-439
[23]Uhrich KE, Boegeman S, Fre'chet JMJ, Turner SR.Solidphase synthesis of dendritic polyamides [J]. Polym Bull,1991,25,551-558.
[24]Kricheldorf HR, Bolender O. New polymer synthesis. Hyperbranched poly (ester-amide) s derived from naturallyoccurring monomers [J]. Macromol Sci, Pure Appl Chem,1998, A35,903-18.
[25]Kim YH. Lyotropic liquid crystalline hyperbranched aromatic polyamides [J] Am Chem Soc,1992,114,4947-4948.
[26]Yang G, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Synthesis and properties of hyperbranched aromatic polyamides [J]. Macromolecules,1999,32,2215-2220.
[27]Yang G, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Successful thermal self-polycondensation of AB2 monomer to form hyperbranched aromatic polyamide [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31, 5964-5966.
[28]Ishida Y, Sun ACF, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Synthesis of hyperbranched aromatic polyamides starting from dendrons as ABx monomers:effect of monomer multiplicity on the degree of branching [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,2832-2838.
[29]Bolton DH, Wooley KL. Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched polycarbonates [J]. Macromolecules,1997,30,1890-1896.
[30]Hawker CJ, Chu F. Hyperbranched poly(ether ketones):manipulation of structure and physical properties [J]. Macromolecules,1996,29,4370-4380.
[31]Morikawa A. Preparation and properties of hyperbranched poly(ether ketones) with avarious number of phenylene units [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,5999-6009.
[32]Shu CF, Leu CM, Huang FY. Synthesis, modification, and characterization of hyperbranched poly (ether ketones)[J]. Polymer,1999,40,6591-6596.
[33]Shu CF, Leu CM. Hyperbranched poly (ether ketone) with carboxylic acid terminal groups:synthesis, characterization, and derivatization[J]. Macromolecules,1999,32, 100-105.
[34]Spindler R, Fre'chet JMJ. Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched polyurethanes prepared from blocked isocyanate monomers by step-growth polymerization [J]. Macromolecules,1993,26,4809-4813.
[35]Kumar A, Ramakrishnan SA. Novel one-pot synthesis of hyperbrached polyurethanes [J]. Chem Soc, Chem Commun,1993,1453-1454.
[36]Kumar A, Ramakrishnan S. Hyperbranched polyurethanes with varying spacer segments between the branching points [J]. Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem,1996,34,839-848.
[37]Versteegen RM, Sijbesma RP, Meijer EW. Synthesis of [n]-polyurethanes and hyperbranched polyurethanes [J]. Polym Prepr,1999,40(2),839-840.
[38]Mathias LJ, Carothers TW. Hyperbranched poly(siloxysilanes) [J]. Am Chem Soc,1991, 13,4043-4044.
[39]Muzafarov A, Golly M, Moller M. Degradable hyperbranchedpoly (bis (undecenyloxy)-methylsilane)s [J]. Macromolecules,1995,28.8444-8446.
[40]Yoon K, Son DY. Synthesis of hyperbranched poly (carbosilarylenes [J]. Macromolecules,1999,32,5210-5216.
[41]Lach C, Frey H. Enhancing the degree of branching of hyperbranched polymers by postsynthetic modification [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,2381-2383.
[42]Hobson LJ, Kenwright AM, Feast WJ. A simple one pot route to the hyperbranched analogues of Tomalia's poly (amidoamine) dendrimers [J]. Chem Commun,1997, 1877-1878.
[43]Hobson LJ, Feast WJ. Poly (amidoamine) hyperbranched systems:synthesis, structure and characterization[J]. Polymer,1999,40,1279-1297.
[44]Londergan TM, You Y, Thompson ME, Weber WP. Rucatalyzed synthesis of cross-conjugated polymers and hyperbranched materials. Copoly (arylene/1,1-vinylene)s [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,2784-2788.
[45]Lu P, Paulasaari JK, Weber WP. Hyperbranched poly (4-acetylstyrene) by ruthenium-catalyzed step-growth polymerization of 4-acetylstyrene[J]. Macromolecules, 1996,29,8583-8586.
[46]Miravet JF, Fre'chet JMJ. New hyperbranched poly (siloxysilanes):variation of the branching pattern and endfunctionalization [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,3461-3468.
[47]Jikei M, Chon SH, Kakimoto M, Kawauchi S, Imase T,Watanabe J. Synthesis of hyperbranched aromatic polyamidefrom aromatic diamines and trimesic acid[J]. Macromolecules,1999,32,2061-2064.
[48]Emrick T, Chang HT, Fre'chet JMJ. An A2+B3 approach tohyperbranched aliphatic polyethers containing chain endepoxy substituents[J]. Macromolecules,1999,32, 6380-6382.
[49]Yan D, Gao C. Hyperbranched polymers made from A2 andBB'2 type monomers.1. Polyaddition of 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazineto divinyl sulfone [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,7693-7699.
[50]Gao C, Yan D. Hyperbranched polymers made fromcommercially available A2 and BB'2 type monomers [J]. ChemCommun,2001,1,107-108.
[51]Gao C, Yan D. Polyaddition of B2 and BB'2 type monomers toA2 type monomer.1. Synthesis of highly branchedcopoly(sulfone-amine)s[J]. Macromolecules,2001,34, 156-161.
[52]Gao C, Yan D. Hyperbranched polymers:from synthesis to applications [J].Prog.Polym. Sci.2004,29,183-275.
[53]Froehling P, Brackman J. Properties and applications ofpoly(propylene imine) dendrimers and poly(esteramide)hyperbranched polymer [J]. Macromol Symp,2000, 151,581-589.
[54]van Benthem RATM, Meijerink N, Gelade'E, de Koster CG,Muscat D, Froehling PE, Hendriks PHM, Vermeulen CJAA,Zwartkruis TJG. Synthesis and characterization of bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amide-based hyperbranched polyesteramides [J]. Macromolecules, 2001,34,3559-3566.
[55]Gao C, Yan DY. The approach to hyperbranched polyurethaneswith urea units and the prepared hyperbranchedpolymers. Chinese Applied Patent 02111580.X; 2002.
[56]Aharoni SM, Edwards SF. Gels of rigid polyamide networks [J]. Macromolecules,1989, 22,3361-3374.
[57]Aharoni SM, Murthy NS, Zero K, Edwards SF. Fractal natureof one-step highly branche rigid rodlike macromoleculesand their gelled-network progenies [J]. Macromolecules, 1990,23,2533-2549.
[58]Aharoni SM. Gels of two-step rigid polyamide networks [J]. Macromolecules,1991,24, 4286-4294.
[59]Aharoni SM. Gelled networks prepared from rigid fractalpolymers [J]. Macromolecules, 1991,24,235-239.
[60]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers Ⅰ. Gelation [J]. J Am Chem Soc,1941,63,3083-3090.
[61]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers. Ⅱ. Trifunctional branching units [J]. J Am Chem Soc,1941,63,3091-3096.
[62]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers. Ⅲ. Tetrafunctional branching units [J]. J Am ChemSoc,1941,63,3096-3100.
[63]Walling C. Gel formation in addition polymerization [J]. J AmChem Soc,1945,67, 441-447.
[64]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers. V. Post-gelation relationships [J]. J Am Chem Soc,1947,69,30-35.
[65]Dai L, Winkler B, Dong L, Tong L, Mau AWH. Conjugatedpolymers for light-emitting applications [J]. Adv Mater,2001,3,915-925.
[66]Dai L, Huang S, Lu J, Mau AWH, Zhang F. Conductingpolymers with multi-dimensional structures [J]. Polym Prepr,1998,39(1),171-172.
[67]Lin T, He Q, Bai F, Dai L. Design, synthesis andphotophysical properties of a hyperbranched conjugatedpolymer [J]. Thin Solid Films,2000,363,122-125.
[68]Tanaka S, Takeuchi K, Asai M, Iso T, Ueda M. Preparationof hyperbranched copolymers constituted of triphenylamineand phenylene units [J]. Synthetic Metals,2001,119, 139-140.
[69]Fang J, Kita H, Okamoto K. Hyperbranched polyimides forgas separation applications.1. Synthesis and characterization [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33(13),4639-4646.
[70]Chen H, Yin J. Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranchedpolyimides with good organosolubility and thermalproperties based on a new triamine and conventionaldianhydrides [J]. Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem,2002,40,3804-3814.
[71]Chen H, Yin J. Preparation of fully imidized hyperbranchedphotosensitive polyimide with excellent organosolubility andthermal property based on 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (A2) and 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenoxy)-benzene (B3) [J]. Polym Bull,2003,49,313-320.
[72]Chen H, Yin J, Xu H. Synthesis of arenesulfonatedhyperbranched polyimide from A2+ B3 monomers [J]. PolymJ,2003,35(3),280-285.
[73]Hao J, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Preparation of hyperbranchedaromatic polyimides via A2+ B3 approach [J]. Macromolecules,2002,35(14),5372-5381.
[74]Flory PJ. Principles of polymer chemistry. Ithaca, NY:Cornell University Press; 1953. [chapter 9].
[75]Yan DY, Gao C, Tang W, Zhu XY, Wang ZJ, Zhu PF, Tao P.Synthesis of hyperbranched polymers from A2 and BB'2 typemonomers[J]. Proc CCS Congr,2000,2000,573-574.
[76]Gao C, Yan DY. New strategy for preparation of hyperbranched polymers [J]. Chem World (Suppl.),2001,42,229-230.
[77]Gao C, Yan DY, Zhu XY, Huang W. Preparation of watersolublehyperbranched poly(sulfone-amine)s by polyadditionof N-ethylethylenediamine to divinyl sulfone[J]. Polymer,2001,42,7603-7610.
[78]Gao C, Yan DY, Tang W. Hyperbranched polymers madefrom A2 and BB'2 type monomers.3. Polyaddition of Nmethyl-1,3-propanediamine to divinyl sulfone [J]. MacromolChem Phys,2001,202(12),2623-2629.
[79]Yan DY, Muller AHE, Matyjaszewski K. Molecularparameters of hyperbranched polymers made by selfcondensingvinyl polymerization. Degree of branching [J]. Macromolecules,1997,30,7024-7033.
[80]Holter D, Frey H. Degree of branching in hyperbranchedpolymers. Enhancement of the DB:scope and limitations [J]. Acta Polym,1997,48,298-309.
[81]Holter D, Burgath A, Frey H. Degree of branching inhyperbranched polymers [J]. Act Polym,1997,48,30-35.
[82]Hobson LJ, Kenwright AM, Feast WJ. A simple one pot routeto the hyperbranched analogues of Tomalia's poly (amidoamine)dendrimers [J]. Chem Commun,1997, 1877-1878.
[83]Hobson LJ, Feast WJ. Poly(amidoamine) hyperbranchedsystems:synthesis, structure and characterization [J]. Polymer,1999,40,1279-1297.
[84]Gao C, Tang W, Yan DY. Synthesis and characterization ofwater-soluble hyperbranched poly(ester amine)s from diacrylatesand diamines [J]. J Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem, 2002,40,2340-2349.
[85]Hong Y, Cooper White J.Mackay M E et al.Transactions of The Society of RheologyAnovel processing aid for polymer extrusion:Rheology and processing of polyethylene and hyperbranched polymer blends[J]. J. Rheol,1999,43(3),781-789.
[86]Hong Y, Coombs S J,CooperWhiteJ.Film blowing of Linear Low-density polyethylene blended With a novel hyperbranched polymer processing aid [J]. Polymer,2000,41(21), 7705-7713.
[87]Mackay M E et al.A new processing aid fo polymer extrusion:rheology and processing of polyethylene and hyperbranched polymerprocessing of polyethylene and hyperbranched polymer blends [J]. J.Rheol,1999,43(3),781-793.
[88]Mackay M Eet al.Film blowing of Linear low-density polyethylene blended with a novel hyperbranched polymer processing aid [J]. polymer,2000,41(21),7705-7713.
[89]Mulker T J.et al processing and characterization of reactive polystyrene、hyperbranched polyester blends [J]. polymer,2000,41(9),3193-3203.
[90]Young H Kim, Owen W Webster.hyperbranched polyphenylens[J]. Macromolecules, 1992,25(21),5561-5572.
[91]Mulkern TJ,Tan N C B.Processing and characterization of reactive polystyrene/hyperbranched polyesters blends [J]. Polymer,2000,42,3193-3203.
[92]Hsieh T-T, Tiu C,-Simon G P.Rheological behavior of polymer blends containing only hyperbranched polyester of varying generation number [J]. Polymer,2001,4, 7635-7638.
[93]Hsieh T-T,Tiu C,Simon GP.Melt rheology of aliphatic hyperbranched polyesters with various molecular weight [J]. Polymer,2001,42,1931-1939.
[94]Andrady L, Saad A KHAN.Solution Rheology of Hyperbranched Polyesters and Their Blends with linearPolymers[J]. Macromolecules,2000,33(5),1720-1726.
[95]Khadir A.Gauthier M.Polym.Mater.Sic.andEng.1997,77,174
[96]Voit B I et al.Blends of Amphighilic, Hyperbranched Polymers and Different Polyolefins [J]. Macromolecules,1999,32(19),6333-6339.
[97]赵宝辉,巴信武,侯文龙,王素娟,韩颖慧。超支化聚(酰胺-酯)/聚氯乙烯共混体系流变性能及其力学性能研究。高分子材料科学与工程,2003,19(2),157-160.
[98]Kulinski Z and Piorkowska E. Crystallization, Structure and Properties of Plasticized Poly (L-Lactide) Polymer,2005,46,10290-10300.
[99]Blundell DJ and Osborn BN, The Morphology of Poly(aryl-ether-etherketone), Polymer,1983,24,953-958.
[100]Li XJ, Zhang SL, Wang H, Pang JH, Sun D, Mu JX, Wang G and Jiang ZH. Facile synthesis and characterizationof hyperbranched poly (aryl ether ketone)s obtained via an A2+BB'2 approach Polym Int 2010,59,1360-1366.
[101]Li XJ, Zhang SL,Zhou FG, Pang JH, Zhang CF,Sun D, Mu JX, Wang G and Jiang ZH. Preparation and Characterization of Hyperbranched Poly (ether ether ketone) s Suitable as Rheology Control Agents for Linear Poly(ether ether ketone)s macromolecular_research[J]. Received
[102]Flory P, J AmChemSoc 1952,74,2718-2723.
[103]Li XJ, Zhang SL, Wang H, Zhang CF,Pang JH, Mu JX, Wang G and Jiang ZH.Study on Blend of Linear Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) with High Melt Viscosity and Hyperbranched Poly (Ether Ether Ketone)[J].Polym Int, Received
[104]Malmstr "om E and Hult A, Dendritic Molecules[J], J Macromol Sci, Rev Macromol ChemPhys,1997,C37,555-579.
[105]Avrami M, J Chem Phys,1939,7,1103-1112.
[106]Lin Q and Long TE, Synthesis and characterization of a novel AB2 monomer and corresponding hyperbranched poly(arylene ether phosphine oxide)s [J], J PolymSci, PolymChem,2000,38,3736-3741.
[107]Voit B, New developments in hyperbranched polymers [J], J PolymSci, PolymChem, 2000,38,2505-2525.
[2]Dell'Erba R, Groeninckx G, Maglio G, Malinconico M, and Migliozzi A. Immiscible polymer blends of semicrystalline biocompatible components:thermal properties and phase morphology analysis of PLLA/PCL blends [J]. Polymer,2001,42,7831-7840.
[3]Harth EM, Hecht S, Helm B, Malmstrom EE, FrechetJM J and Hawker CJ, The effect of macromolecular architecture in nanomaterials:A comparison of site isolation in porphyrin core dendrimers and their isomeric linear analogues [J]. Am. Chem. Soc, 2002,124,3926-3938.
[4]Turner SR, Voit BI and Mourey TH, All-aromatic hyperbranched polyesters with phenol and acetate end groups:synthesis and characterization [J]. Macromolecules,1993,26, 4617-4623.
[5]Emrick T, Chang HT and Frechet JMJ, An A (2)+B-3 approach to hyperbranched aliphatic polyethers containing chain end epoxy substituents[J]. Macromolecules,1999, 32,6380-6382.
[6]Yan DY and Gao C, Hyperbranched polymers made from A (2) and BB'(2) type monomers.1. Polyaddition of 1-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine to divinyl sulfone [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,7693-7699.
[7]Kim YH, Beckerbauer R. Role of end groups on the glass transition of hyperbranched polyphenylene and triphenylbenzenederivatives [J]. Macromolecules,1994,27, 1968-1971.
[8]Percec V, Chu P, Kawasumi M. Toward willowlike thermotropic dendrimers [J]. Macromolecules,1994,27,4441-4453.
[9]Kambouris P, Hawker CJ. A versatile new method forstructure determination in hyperbranched macromolecule [J]. Chem Soc, Perkin Trans,1993,1,2717-2727.
[10]Wooley KL, Fre'chet JMJ, Hawker CJ. Influence of shape on the reactivity and properties of dendritic, hyperbranched andlinear aromatic polyesters [J]. Polymer,1994, 35,4489-449
[11]Turner SR, Voit B, Mourey TH. All-aromatic hyperbranched polyesters with phenol and acetate end groups:synthesis and characterization [J]. Macromolecules,1993,26, 4617-4623.
[12]Turner SR. Hyperbranched polyesters and polyamides [J]. Polym Mater Sci Engng,1996,74,437-4388.
[13]Turner SR, Walter F, Voit B, Mourey TH. Hyperbranched aromatic polyesters with carboxylic acid terminal groups [J]. Macromolecules,994,27,1611-1616.
[14]Malmstro"m E, Johansson M, Hult A. Review of hyperbranched polyesters [J]. Polym News,1997,22,128.
[15]Hult A, Johansson M, Malmstro"m E, Sorensen K. Synthesis and polymerization of liquid crystalline donor-acceptor monomers [J]. Macromolecules,1996,29,1649-1654.
[16]Malmstro"m E, Hult A. Kinetics of formation of hyperbranchedpolyesters based on 2,2-bis(methylol)propionicacid[J]. Macromolecules,1996,29,1222-1228.
[17]Magnusson H, Malmstro"m E, Hult A. Structure buildup inhyperbranched polymers from 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionicacid [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,3099-3104.
[18]Trollsas M, Hedrick J, Mecerreyes O, Jerome R, Dubois P.Internal functionalization in hyperbranched polyesters [J]. Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem,1998,36,3187-3192.
[19]Kricheldorf HR, Stoeber O, Luebbers D. New polymerssynthesis.78. Star-shaped and hyperbranched polyesters bypolycondensation of trimethylsiyl 3,5-diacetoxybenzoate [J].Macromolecules,1995,28,2118-2123.
[20]Kricheldorf HR, Loehden G, Stoeber O. Telechelic, starshaped and hyperbranched aromatic polyesters [J]. Polym Prepr,1995,36(1):749-750.
[21]Kricheldorf HR, Stukenbrock T. New polymer synthesis. XCⅢ. Hyperbranched homo-and copolyesters derived fromgallic acid and b-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid [J]. PolymSci, Part A:Polym Chem,1998,36,2347-2357.
[22]Trollsa's M, Hedrick J L. Hyperbranched poly (1-caprolactone) derived from intrinsically branched AB2 macromonomers [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,4390-439
[23]Uhrich KE, Boegeman S, Fre'chet JMJ, Turner SR.Solidphase synthesis of dendritic polyamides [J]. Polym Bull,1991,25,551-558.
[24]Kricheldorf HR, Bolender O. New polymer synthesis. Hyperbranched poly (ester-amide) s derived from naturallyoccurring monomers [J]. Macromol Sci, Pure Appl Chem,1998, A35,903-18.
[25]Kim YH. Lyotropic liquid crystalline hyperbranched aromatic polyamides [J] Am Chem Soc,1992,114,4947-4948.
[26]Yang G, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Synthesis and properties of hyperbranched aromatic polyamides [J]. Macromolecules,1999,32,2215-2220.
[27]Yang G, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Successful thermal self-polycondensation of AB2 monomer to form hyperbranched aromatic polyamide [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31, 5964-5966.
[28]Ishida Y, Sun ACF, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Synthesis of hyperbranched aromatic polyamides starting from dendrons as ABx monomers:effect of monomer multiplicity on the degree of branching [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,2832-2838.
[29]Bolton DH, Wooley KL. Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched polycarbonates [J]. Macromolecules,1997,30,1890-1896.
[30]Hawker CJ, Chu F. Hyperbranched poly(ether ketones):manipulation of structure and physical properties [J]. Macromolecules,1996,29,4370-4380.
[31]Morikawa A. Preparation and properties of hyperbranched poly(ether ketones) with avarious number of phenylene units [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,5999-6009.
[32]Shu CF, Leu CM, Huang FY. Synthesis, modification, and characterization of hyperbranched poly (ether ketones)[J]. Polymer,1999,40,6591-6596.
[33]Shu CF, Leu CM. Hyperbranched poly (ether ketone) with carboxylic acid terminal groups:synthesis, characterization, and derivatization[J]. Macromolecules,1999,32, 100-105.
[34]Spindler R, Fre'chet JMJ. Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched polyurethanes prepared from blocked isocyanate monomers by step-growth polymerization [J]. Macromolecules,1993,26,4809-4813.
[35]Kumar A, Ramakrishnan SA. Novel one-pot synthesis of hyperbrached polyurethanes [J]. Chem Soc, Chem Commun,1993,1453-1454.
[36]Kumar A, Ramakrishnan S. Hyperbranched polyurethanes with varying spacer segments between the branching points [J]. Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem,1996,34,839-848.
[37]Versteegen RM, Sijbesma RP, Meijer EW. Synthesis of [n]-polyurethanes and hyperbranched polyurethanes [J]. Polym Prepr,1999,40(2),839-840.
[38]Mathias LJ, Carothers TW. Hyperbranched poly(siloxysilanes) [J]. Am Chem Soc,1991, 13,4043-4044.
[39]Muzafarov A, Golly M, Moller M. Degradable hyperbranchedpoly (bis (undecenyloxy)-methylsilane)s [J]. Macromolecules,1995,28.8444-8446.
[40]Yoon K, Son DY. Synthesis of hyperbranched poly (carbosilarylenes [J]. Macromolecules,1999,32,5210-5216.
[41]Lach C, Frey H. Enhancing the degree of branching of hyperbranched polymers by postsynthetic modification [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,2381-2383.
[42]Hobson LJ, Kenwright AM, Feast WJ. A simple one pot route to the hyperbranched analogues of Tomalia's poly (amidoamine) dendrimers [J]. Chem Commun,1997, 1877-1878.
[43]Hobson LJ, Feast WJ. Poly (amidoamine) hyperbranched systems:synthesis, structure and characterization[J]. Polymer,1999,40,1279-1297.
[44]Londergan TM, You Y, Thompson ME, Weber WP. Rucatalyzed synthesis of cross-conjugated polymers and hyperbranched materials. Copoly (arylene/1,1-vinylene)s [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,2784-2788.
[45]Lu P, Paulasaari JK, Weber WP. Hyperbranched poly (4-acetylstyrene) by ruthenium-catalyzed step-growth polymerization of 4-acetylstyrene[J]. Macromolecules, 1996,29,8583-8586.
[46]Miravet JF, Fre'chet JMJ. New hyperbranched poly (siloxysilanes):variation of the branching pattern and endfunctionalization [J]. Macromolecules,1998,31,3461-3468.
[47]Jikei M, Chon SH, Kakimoto M, Kawauchi S, Imase T,Watanabe J. Synthesis of hyperbranched aromatic polyamidefrom aromatic diamines and trimesic acid[J]. Macromolecules,1999,32,2061-2064.
[48]Emrick T, Chang HT, Fre'chet JMJ. An A2+B3 approach tohyperbranched aliphatic polyethers containing chain endepoxy substituents[J]. Macromolecules,1999,32, 6380-6382.
[49]Yan D, Gao C. Hyperbranched polymers made from A2 andBB'2 type monomers.1. Polyaddition of 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazineto divinyl sulfone [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33,7693-7699.
[50]Gao C, Yan D. Hyperbranched polymers made fromcommercially available A2 and BB'2 type monomers [J]. ChemCommun,2001,1,107-108.
[51]Gao C, Yan D. Polyaddition of B2 and BB'2 type monomers toA2 type monomer.1. Synthesis of highly branchedcopoly(sulfone-amine)s[J]. Macromolecules,2001,34, 156-161.
[52]Gao C, Yan D. Hyperbranched polymers:from synthesis to applications [J].Prog.Polym. Sci.2004,29,183-275.
[53]Froehling P, Brackman J. Properties and applications ofpoly(propylene imine) dendrimers and poly(esteramide)hyperbranched polymer [J]. Macromol Symp,2000, 151,581-589.
[54]van Benthem RATM, Meijerink N, Gelade'E, de Koster CG,Muscat D, Froehling PE, Hendriks PHM, Vermeulen CJAA,Zwartkruis TJG. Synthesis and characterization of bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amide-based hyperbranched polyesteramides [J]. Macromolecules, 2001,34,3559-3566.
[55]Gao C, Yan DY. The approach to hyperbranched polyurethaneswith urea units and the prepared hyperbranchedpolymers. Chinese Applied Patent 02111580.X; 2002.
[56]Aharoni SM, Edwards SF. Gels of rigid polyamide networks [J]. Macromolecules,1989, 22,3361-3374.
[57]Aharoni SM, Murthy NS, Zero K, Edwards SF. Fractal natureof one-step highly branche rigid rodlike macromoleculesand their gelled-network progenies [J]. Macromolecules, 1990,23,2533-2549.
[58]Aharoni SM. Gels of two-step rigid polyamide networks [J]. Macromolecules,1991,24, 4286-4294.
[59]Aharoni SM. Gelled networks prepared from rigid fractalpolymers [J]. Macromolecules, 1991,24,235-239.
[60]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers Ⅰ. Gelation [J]. J Am Chem Soc,1941,63,3083-3090.
[61]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers. Ⅱ. Trifunctional branching units [J]. J Am Chem Soc,1941,63,3091-3096.
[62]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers. Ⅲ. Tetrafunctional branching units [J]. J Am ChemSoc,1941,63,3096-3100.
[63]Walling C. Gel formation in addition polymerization [J]. J AmChem Soc,1945,67, 441-447.
[64]Flory PJ. Molecular size distribution in three dimensionalpolymers. V. Post-gelation relationships [J]. J Am Chem Soc,1947,69,30-35.
[65]Dai L, Winkler B, Dong L, Tong L, Mau AWH. Conjugatedpolymers for light-emitting applications [J]. Adv Mater,2001,3,915-925.
[66]Dai L, Huang S, Lu J, Mau AWH, Zhang F. Conductingpolymers with multi-dimensional structures [J]. Polym Prepr,1998,39(1),171-172.
[67]Lin T, He Q, Bai F, Dai L. Design, synthesis andphotophysical properties of a hyperbranched conjugatedpolymer [J]. Thin Solid Films,2000,363,122-125.
[68]Tanaka S, Takeuchi K, Asai M, Iso T, Ueda M. Preparationof hyperbranched copolymers constituted of triphenylamineand phenylene units [J]. Synthetic Metals,2001,119, 139-140.
[69]Fang J, Kita H, Okamoto K. Hyperbranched polyimides forgas separation applications.1. Synthesis and characterization [J]. Macromolecules,2000,33(13),4639-4646.
[70]Chen H, Yin J. Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranchedpolyimides with good organosolubility and thermalproperties based on a new triamine and conventionaldianhydrides [J]. Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem,2002,40,3804-3814.
[71]Chen H, Yin J. Preparation of fully imidized hyperbranchedphotosensitive polyimide with excellent organosolubility andthermal property based on 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (A2) and 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenoxy)-benzene (B3) [J]. Polym Bull,2003,49,313-320.
[72]Chen H, Yin J, Xu H. Synthesis of arenesulfonatedhyperbranched polyimide from A2+ B3 monomers [J]. PolymJ,2003,35(3),280-285.
[73]Hao J, Jikei M, Kakimoto M. Preparation of hyperbranchedaromatic polyimides via A2+ B3 approach [J]. Macromolecules,2002,35(14),5372-5381.
[74]Flory PJ. Principles of polymer chemistry. Ithaca, NY:Cornell University Press; 1953. [chapter 9].
[75]Yan DY, Gao C, Tang W, Zhu XY, Wang ZJ, Zhu PF, Tao P.Synthesis of hyperbranched polymers from A2 and BB'2 typemonomers[J]. Proc CCS Congr,2000,2000,573-574.
[76]Gao C, Yan DY. New strategy for preparation of hyperbranched polymers [J]. Chem World (Suppl.),2001,42,229-230.
[77]Gao C, Yan DY, Zhu XY, Huang W. Preparation of watersolublehyperbranched poly(sulfone-amine)s by polyadditionof N-ethylethylenediamine to divinyl sulfone[J]. Polymer,2001,42,7603-7610.
[78]Gao C, Yan DY, Tang W. Hyperbranched polymers madefrom A2 and BB'2 type monomers.3. Polyaddition of Nmethyl-1,3-propanediamine to divinyl sulfone [J]. MacromolChem Phys,2001,202(12),2623-2629.
[79]Yan DY, Muller AHE, Matyjaszewski K. Molecularparameters of hyperbranched polymers made by selfcondensingvinyl polymerization. Degree of branching [J]. Macromolecules,1997,30,7024-7033.
[80]Holter D, Frey H. Degree of branching in hyperbranchedpolymers. Enhancement of the DB:scope and limitations [J]. Acta Polym,1997,48,298-309.
[81]Holter D, Burgath A, Frey H. Degree of branching inhyperbranched polymers [J]. Act Polym,1997,48,30-35.
[82]Hobson LJ, Kenwright AM, Feast WJ. A simple one pot routeto the hyperbranched analogues of Tomalia's poly (amidoamine)dendrimers [J]. Chem Commun,1997, 1877-1878.
[83]Hobson LJ, Feast WJ. Poly(amidoamine) hyperbranchedsystems:synthesis, structure and characterization [J]. Polymer,1999,40,1279-1297.
[84]Gao C, Tang W, Yan DY. Synthesis and characterization ofwater-soluble hyperbranched poly(ester amine)s from diacrylatesand diamines [J]. J Polym Sci, Part A:Polym Chem, 2002,40,2340-2349.
[85]Hong Y, Cooper White J.Mackay M E et al.Transactions of The Society of RheologyAnovel processing aid for polymer extrusion:Rheology and processing of polyethylene and hyperbranched polymer blends[J]. J. Rheol,1999,43(3),781-789.
[86]Hong Y, Coombs S J,CooperWhiteJ.Film blowing of Linear Low-density polyethylene blended With a novel hyperbranched polymer processing aid [J]. Polymer,2000,41(21), 7705-7713.
[87]Mackay M E et al.A new processing aid fo polymer extrusion:rheology and processing of polyethylene and hyperbranched polymerprocessing of polyethylene and hyperbranched polymer blends [J]. J.Rheol,1999,43(3),781-793.
[88]Mackay M Eet al.Film blowing of Linear low-density polyethylene blended with a novel hyperbranched polymer processing aid [J]. polymer,2000,41(21),7705-7713.
[89]Mulker T J.et al processing and characterization of reactive polystyrene、hyperbranched polyester blends [J]. polymer,2000,41(9),3193-3203.
[90]Young H Kim, Owen W Webster.hyperbranched polyphenylens[J]. Macromolecules, 1992,25(21),5561-5572.
[91]Mulkern TJ,Tan N C B.Processing and characterization of reactive polystyrene/hyperbranched polyesters blends [J]. Polymer,2000,42,3193-3203.
[92]Hsieh T-T, Tiu C,-Simon G P.Rheological behavior of polymer blends containing only hyperbranched polyester of varying generation number [J]. Polymer,2001,4, 7635-7638.
[93]Hsieh T-T,Tiu C,Simon GP.Melt rheology of aliphatic hyperbranched polyesters with various molecular weight [J]. Polymer,2001,42,1931-1939.
[94]Andrady L, Saad A KHAN.Solution Rheology of Hyperbranched Polyesters and Their Blends with linearPolymers[J]. Macromolecules,2000,33(5),1720-1726.
[95]Khadir A.Gauthier M.Polym.Mater.Sic.andEng.1997,77,174
[96]Voit B I et al.Blends of Amphighilic, Hyperbranched Polymers and Different Polyolefins [J]. Macromolecules,1999,32(19),6333-6339.
[97]赵宝辉,巴信武,侯文龙,王素娟,韩颖慧。超支化聚(酰胺-酯)/聚氯乙烯共混体系流变性能及其力学性能研究。高分子材料科学与工程,2003,19(2),157-160.
[98]Kulinski Z and Piorkowska E. Crystallization, Structure and Properties of Plasticized Poly (L-Lactide) Polymer,2005,46,10290-10300.
[99]Blundell DJ and Osborn BN, The Morphology of Poly(aryl-ether-etherketone), Polymer,1983,24,953-958.
[100]Li XJ, Zhang SL, Wang H, Pang JH, Sun D, Mu JX, Wang G and Jiang ZH. Facile synthesis and characterizationof hyperbranched poly (aryl ether ketone)s obtained via an A2+BB'2 approach Polym Int 2010,59,1360-1366.
[101]Li XJ, Zhang SL,Zhou FG, Pang JH, Zhang CF,Sun D, Mu JX, Wang G and Jiang ZH. Preparation and Characterization of Hyperbranched Poly (ether ether ketone) s Suitable as Rheology Control Agents for Linear Poly(ether ether ketone)s macromolecular_research[J]. Received
[102]Flory P, J AmChemSoc 1952,74,2718-2723.
[103]Li XJ, Zhang SL, Wang H, Zhang CF,Pang JH, Mu JX, Wang G and Jiang ZH.Study on Blend of Linear Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) with High Melt Viscosity and Hyperbranched Poly (Ether Ether Ketone)[J].Polym Int, Received
[104]Malmstr "om E and Hult A, Dendritic Molecules[J], J Macromol Sci, Rev Macromol ChemPhys,1997,C37,555-579.
[105]Avrami M, J Chem Phys,1939,7,1103-1112.
[106]Lin Q and Long TE, Synthesis and characterization of a novel AB2 monomer and corresponding hyperbranched poly(arylene ether phosphine oxide)s [J], J PolymSci, PolymChem,2000,38,3736-3741.
[107]Voit B, New developments in hyperbranched polymers [J], J PolymSci, PolymChem, 2000,38,2505-2525.