廊固凹陷大兴砾岩体天然气藏评价预测研究
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摘要
随着勘探程度的提高和勘探技术的发展,具有隐蔽油气藏特征的陆相断陷湖盆边缘陡坡带砾岩体正成为华北油区重点勘探评价对象。因其地质情况复杂,针对这类砾岩体的勘探一直是个世界性技术难题。廊固凹陷大兴砾岩体为深层天然气的主要储集场所,这类储层明显受水下扇体规模和相带分布控制,但由于扇体埋藏深、相变快,导致其地震反射不易识别,长期以来对储层的刻画是个难题,导致油气勘探评价进展缓慢。近年来本区开展了三维地震二次采集,资料品质有所改善,另一方面由于纵向上砾岩体与泥岩存在明显的速度和波阻抗差异,这为综合应用多种方法降低本区评价钻探风险提供了地球物理依据。因此,在地震资料品质得到改善的前题下,开展砾岩体油气藏预测识别研究,对整个冀中坳陷北部深层天然气勘探开发具既十分必要,又非常及时。
本文应用地质、地球物理理论和地震、测井等先进技术,针对大兴砾岩体开展储层展布特征及气藏发育规律研究。主要取得了如下成果:(1)通过砾岩体目标叠前时间保幅偏移处理和高分辨率拓频处理,明显提高了三维地震资料品质,砾岩体轮廓更加清晰;(2)运用地震沉积学方法开展砾岩体识别,恢复古物源区大兴凸起的古地质演化和大兴砾岩沉积时期的古地貌模式,建立了旧州-固安地区两种主要的砾岩体沉积模式;(3)对大兴断裂下降盘不同期次砾岩体进行了精细层序划分,建立了砾岩体精细地层格架;(4)综合应用常规测井和多极阵列声波测井资料开展砾岩体测井识别,建立了大兴砾岩体裂缝划分标准及气层识别方法和图版;(5)引入裂缝成因机制,通过各项异性分析和地应力模拟方法,预测裂缝发育情况。通过吸收衰减、AVO属性处理分析,综合预测研究储层含气及裂缝情况,对有利目标潜力评价提供了依据。多种资料相互印证,提高了预测结果的可靠性。
经现场实际应用成功指导了兴9砾岩体气藏的评价,提高了钻探成效,发现了整装规模天然气储量。勘探实践表明,充分利用现有地质、地震数据信息,发展砾岩体地震储层预测技术体系,可以有效解决大兴砾岩体气藏评价中储层预测难以预测的问题。
With the improvement in the exploration and development of exploration technology, the submarine fan conglomerates in the steep slope of Langgu faulted lake basin,which is of subtle reservoir characteristics, has becomes key of the point for exploration and evaluation in Huabei Oilfield. Such conglomerate has been a worldwide technical problem because of its complex geological conditions. As the main reservoir of deep natural gas, Daxing conglomerate in Langgu depression is difficult to identify because of its deep bury, fast phase transformation. The progress of exploration and evaluation is slow because the reservoir body is controlled by submarine fan and phase distribution. As the second three-dimensional seismic acquisition has been carried out in this area in recent years, data quality has improved. Thurthermore, the significant differentiation of vertical wave speed and wave impedance between conglomerate and mudstone becomes the geophysical basis for the integrated application of a variety of evaluation methods to reduce the risk of exploration. It is significant carry out recognition of the whole northern part of the deep Jizhong gas exploration and development of great significance using the means of synthesis of existing geological, logging and seismic data, reservoir specific prediction of conglomerate. Therefore, the research on natural gas exploration and development is both necessary and very timely.
In this paper, the study on reservoir characteristics and distribution of gas development law are carried out using the existing geological, geophysical and seismic theory, logging and other advanced technology. The main achievements in this paper are as below:
1. Objectives through the conglomerate preserved amplitude prestack timemigration processing and high-resolution frequency extension processing, significantly improving the quality of three-dimensional seismic data, a clearer outline of conglomerate;
2. Methods used to carry out seismic sedimentary conglomerate identification, restoration Antiquities raised source Daxing conglomerate ancient geological evolution and the ancient landscape pattern during the deposition, the establishment of Jiuzhou - Gu'an two main areas of conglomerate sedimentary model;
3. Daxing fault downthrown on different sub-conglomerate of fine stratigraphic sequence was established stratigraphic framework of conglomerate fine;
4. Integrated application of conventional logging and multi-array acoustic logging data logging conglomerate to carry out identification, Daxing conglomerate established criteria for the classification and the gas crack identification method and illustrated;
5. Crack formation mechanism introduced by the stress singularity analysis and simulation method to predict fracture situation. By attenuation, AVO attribute processing and analysis, integrated reservoir prediction of gas and crack situation, the favorable evaluation of the basis for potential targets. A variety of information, reflection, and improve the reliability of prediction.
Successfully guide the practical application of field Xing 9 assessment of gas to improve the drilling results, the scale of natural gas reserves found in pack conglomerate aged, practice. It has shown that make full use of existing geological and seismic data, the development of technology conglomerate reservoir prediction system, which can effectively solve the problem of evaluation of Daxing conglomerate prediction.
本文应用地质、地球物理理论和地震、测井等先进技术,针对大兴砾岩体开展储层展布特征及气藏发育规律研究。主要取得了如下成果:(1)通过砾岩体目标叠前时间保幅偏移处理和高分辨率拓频处理,明显提高了三维地震资料品质,砾岩体轮廓更加清晰;(2)运用地震沉积学方法开展砾岩体识别,恢复古物源区大兴凸起的古地质演化和大兴砾岩沉积时期的古地貌模式,建立了旧州-固安地区两种主要的砾岩体沉积模式;(3)对大兴断裂下降盘不同期次砾岩体进行了精细层序划分,建立了砾岩体精细地层格架;(4)综合应用常规测井和多极阵列声波测井资料开展砾岩体测井识别,建立了大兴砾岩体裂缝划分标准及气层识别方法和图版;(5)引入裂缝成因机制,通过各项异性分析和地应力模拟方法,预测裂缝发育情况。通过吸收衰减、AVO属性处理分析,综合预测研究储层含气及裂缝情况,对有利目标潜力评价提供了依据。多种资料相互印证,提高了预测结果的可靠性。
经现场实际应用成功指导了兴9砾岩体气藏的评价,提高了钻探成效,发现了整装规模天然气储量。勘探实践表明,充分利用现有地质、地震数据信息,发展砾岩体地震储层预测技术体系,可以有效解决大兴砾岩体气藏评价中储层预测难以预测的问题。
With the improvement in the exploration and development of exploration technology, the submarine fan conglomerates in the steep slope of Langgu faulted lake basin,which is of subtle reservoir characteristics, has becomes key of the point for exploration and evaluation in Huabei Oilfield. Such conglomerate has been a worldwide technical problem because of its complex geological conditions. As the main reservoir of deep natural gas, Daxing conglomerate in Langgu depression is difficult to identify because of its deep bury, fast phase transformation. The progress of exploration and evaluation is slow because the reservoir body is controlled by submarine fan and phase distribution. As the second three-dimensional seismic acquisition has been carried out in this area in recent years, data quality has improved. Thurthermore, the significant differentiation of vertical wave speed and wave impedance between conglomerate and mudstone becomes the geophysical basis for the integrated application of a variety of evaluation methods to reduce the risk of exploration. It is significant carry out recognition of the whole northern part of the deep Jizhong gas exploration and development of great significance using the means of synthesis of existing geological, logging and seismic data, reservoir specific prediction of conglomerate. Therefore, the research on natural gas exploration and development is both necessary and very timely.
In this paper, the study on reservoir characteristics and distribution of gas development law are carried out using the existing geological, geophysical and seismic theory, logging and other advanced technology. The main achievements in this paper are as below:
1. Objectives through the conglomerate preserved amplitude prestack timemigration processing and high-resolution frequency extension processing, significantly improving the quality of three-dimensional seismic data, a clearer outline of conglomerate;
2. Methods used to carry out seismic sedimentary conglomerate identification, restoration Antiquities raised source Daxing conglomerate ancient geological evolution and the ancient landscape pattern during the deposition, the establishment of Jiuzhou - Gu'an two main areas of conglomerate sedimentary model;
3. Daxing fault downthrown on different sub-conglomerate of fine stratigraphic sequence was established stratigraphic framework of conglomerate fine;
4. Integrated application of conventional logging and multi-array acoustic logging data logging conglomerate to carry out identification, Daxing conglomerate established criteria for the classification and the gas crack identification method and illustrated;
5. Crack formation mechanism introduced by the stress singularity analysis and simulation method to predict fracture situation. By attenuation, AVO attribute processing and analysis, integrated reservoir prediction of gas and crack situation, the favorable evaluation of the basis for potential targets. A variety of information, reflection, and improve the reliability of prediction.
Successfully guide the practical application of field Xing 9 assessment of gas to improve the drilling results, the scale of natural gas reserves found in pack conglomerate aged, practice. It has shown that make full use of existing geological and seismic data, the development of technology conglomerate reservoir prediction system, which can effectively solve the problem of evaluation of Daxing conglomerate prediction.
引文
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