影响甘蓝型双低油菜籽粒中硫代葡萄糖苷含量稳定性的研究
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摘要
本文通过对不同地区种植对油菜种子中硫苷的影响试验、不同地区和不同年份繁殖对种子中硫苷的影响及后效性试验、硫肥对油菜种子中硫苷含量的影响试验和油菜个体植株间的硫苷含量的差异试验等研究，取得如下主要结论：
1、不同地区种植对种子中硫苷有如下影响：（1）不同地区的生态条件对双低油菜总硫苷含量有显著的影响，相差达13.14μmol/g, CV为13.30%， 5 个试验地区硫苷含量的顺序为宝鸡>安康>咸阳>大荔>汉中，地区间达极显著差异，品种间的稳定性也有明显的差异，以P01-10品种稳定性最好；（2）在测定的8个硫苷组分中，变幅最大的5个组分依次为2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫苷、4-羟基-3吲哚甲基硫苷、4-戊烯基硫苷、3-丁烯基硫苷和2羟基-4-戊烯基硫苷，极差分别为：5.7、2.69、1.70、1.31和1.03μmol/g，变异系数分别为：17.59%、16.41%、58.84%、10.21%、50.32%，其中以3-丁烯基硫苷稳定性最好，4-戊烯基硫苷稳定性最差；（3）籽粒中硫苷与含油量、千粒重及容重均有显著的相关性，相关系数分别为-0.783、-0.948和0.656，通径和偏相关分析表明，仅硫苷与千粒重偏相关显著为-0.859，含油量和容重是通过千粒重来影响硫苷的。（4）5月温度和3月光照是影响籽粒中硫苷含量的主要气候因素，偏相关系数分别为-0.780和0.736。
2、不同地区或不同年份繁殖对种子中硫苷含量有显著的影响，但在同一地区同一年份种植后，各材料之间种子中硫苷含量差异不显著，其后代与亲代硫苷的相关也不显著，表明不同地区或不同年份繁殖对种子中硫苷影响无后效性。
3、在硫肥含量较高的土壤上，施硫仍可以提高种子中硫苷含量，较对照增加10.31%，但不显著。
4、油菜个体植株间硫苷有较大差异，个体间CV为31.43%，个体内不同分枝和不同部位上的角果硫苷含量也有差异，主花序上角果硫苷含量>分枝上角果硫苷含量、分枝的上部角果硫苷含量>同一分枝的下部角果硫苷含量，均达到极显著差异，平均变异系数为12.24%，但各一次分枝之间差异不显著。
This paper studies the effects on glucosinolates content in double low rapeseed by planted in different regions、reproduced in different regions or different years and affecting to there generations 、fertilized sulphur fertilizer and variation in different plants or different parts in same plant, The following main results are obtained:
1、Planted in different regions have following effects： environment conditions of different zones have significant effect on glucosinolate content with 13.14μmol/g difference, CV is 13.30% ．The order of glucosinolate content in five sites is Baoji> Ankang> Xianyang>Dali>Hanzhong．There is very significant difference among sites．The stabilities of glucosinolate content in different varieties have distinguishing difference, and the stability of variety P01-10 is best; Among 8 individual glucosinolates determinated, five of maximum variable individual glucosinolates are progoitrin, 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, glucobrassicanapin, gluconapin and gluconapoleiferin, the ranges are 5.7, 2.69, 1.70, 1.31 and 1.03μmol/g，their CV are 17.59%、16.41%、58.84%、10.21% and 50.32% respectively。 The stability of gluconapin is best and glucobrassicanapin is worst; The correlations between glucosinolate content and oil content,1000-grain weight as well as volume weight are all significance. Their correlation coefficients are -0.783、 -0.948 and 0,656. Path and partial correlation analysis indicate that only partial correlation between glucosinolate and 1000-grain weight is significant, that effect of oil content and volume weight on glucosinolate is indirect through 1000-grain weight; Temperature of May and daylight of March are main climate facts of effect on glucosinolate content in double low rapeseed．Their partial correlation coefficient separately are -0.780 and 0.736 ．
2、 Reproduced in different regions or different years has significant effect on glucosinolate content in rapeseed．But when their seeds planted in same place in same year, glucosinolate content in seeds of different varieties have not significant difference, and the correlation of glucosinolate content between parent and generation is also insignificant．It
indicates the effect of reproduced in different regions or years on glucosinolate content doesn't affect their generation．
3、Fertilizing Sulphur into soil with higher Sulphur fertilizer still can increase glucosinolate content in rapeseed，has 10.31% more than CK，but insignificant．
4、There are more difference in glucosinolate content of individual plants, CV is 31.43% among different plants; glucosinolate content of pods in different branch and different part of same plant has also difference, glucosinolate content of pods in main inflorescence>that in branches、glucosinolate content of pods in the top of branch > that in the base of the branch ,both very significance，average CV is 12.24%，but the differnce of glucosinolate content of pods in individual branches is not significant ．
1、不同地区种植对种子中硫苷有如下影响：（1）不同地区的生态条件对双低油菜总硫苷含量有显著的影响，相差达13.14μmol/g, CV为13.30%， 5 个试验地区硫苷含量的顺序为宝鸡>安康>咸阳>大荔>汉中，地区间达极显著差异，品种间的稳定性也有明显的差异，以P01-10品种稳定性最好；（2）在测定的8个硫苷组分中，变幅最大的5个组分依次为2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫苷、4-羟基-3吲哚甲基硫苷、4-戊烯基硫苷、3-丁烯基硫苷和2羟基-4-戊烯基硫苷，极差分别为：5.7、2.69、1.70、1.31和1.03μmol/g，变异系数分别为：17.59%、16.41%、58.84%、10.21%、50.32%，其中以3-丁烯基硫苷稳定性最好，4-戊烯基硫苷稳定性最差；（3）籽粒中硫苷与含油量、千粒重及容重均有显著的相关性，相关系数分别为-0.783、-0.948和0.656，通径和偏相关分析表明，仅硫苷与千粒重偏相关显著为-0.859，含油量和容重是通过千粒重来影响硫苷的。（4）5月温度和3月光照是影响籽粒中硫苷含量的主要气候因素，偏相关系数分别为-0.780和0.736。
2、不同地区或不同年份繁殖对种子中硫苷含量有显著的影响，但在同一地区同一年份种植后，各材料之间种子中硫苷含量差异不显著，其后代与亲代硫苷的相关也不显著，表明不同地区或不同年份繁殖对种子中硫苷影响无后效性。
3、在硫肥含量较高的土壤上，施硫仍可以提高种子中硫苷含量，较对照增加10.31%，但不显著。
4、油菜个体植株间硫苷有较大差异，个体间CV为31.43%，个体内不同分枝和不同部位上的角果硫苷含量也有差异，主花序上角果硫苷含量>分枝上角果硫苷含量、分枝的上部角果硫苷含量>同一分枝的下部角果硫苷含量，均达到极显著差异，平均变异系数为12.24%，但各一次分枝之间差异不显著。
This paper studies the effects on glucosinolates content in double low rapeseed by planted in different regions、reproduced in different regions or different years and affecting to there generations 、fertilized sulphur fertilizer and variation in different plants or different parts in same plant, The following main results are obtained:
1、Planted in different regions have following effects： environment conditions of different zones have significant effect on glucosinolate content with 13.14μmol/g difference, CV is 13.30% ．The order of glucosinolate content in five sites is Baoji> Ankang> Xianyang>Dali>Hanzhong．There is very significant difference among sites．The stabilities of glucosinolate content in different varieties have distinguishing difference, and the stability of variety P01-10 is best; Among 8 individual glucosinolates determinated, five of maximum variable individual glucosinolates are progoitrin, 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, glucobrassicanapin, gluconapin and gluconapoleiferin, the ranges are 5.7, 2.69, 1.70, 1.31 and 1.03μmol/g，their CV are 17.59%、16.41%、58.84%、10.21% and 50.32% respectively。 The stability of gluconapin is best and glucobrassicanapin is worst; The correlations between glucosinolate content and oil content,1000-grain weight as well as volume weight are all significance. Their correlation coefficients are -0.783、 -0.948 and 0,656. Path and partial correlation analysis indicate that only partial correlation between glucosinolate and 1000-grain weight is significant, that effect of oil content and volume weight on glucosinolate is indirect through 1000-grain weight; Temperature of May and daylight of March are main climate facts of effect on glucosinolate content in double low rapeseed．Their partial correlation coefficient separately are -0.780 and 0.736 ．
2、 Reproduced in different regions or different years has significant effect on glucosinolate content in rapeseed．But when their seeds planted in same place in same year, glucosinolate content in seeds of different varieties have not significant difference, and the correlation of glucosinolate content between parent and generation is also insignificant．It
indicates the effect of reproduced in different regions or years on glucosinolate content doesn't affect their generation．
3、Fertilizing Sulphur into soil with higher Sulphur fertilizer still can increase glucosinolate content in rapeseed，has 10.31% more than CK，but insignificant．
4、There are more difference in glucosinolate content of individual plants, CV is 31.43% among different plants; glucosinolate content of pods in different branch and different part of same plant has also difference, glucosinolate content of pods in main inflorescence>that in branches、glucosinolate content of pods in the top of branch > that in the base of the branch ,both very significance，average CV is 12.24%，but the differnce of glucosinolate content of pods in individual branches is not significant ．
引文
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