胶粉与胶粉复合改性沥青的性能研究
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摘要
随着我国道路交通事业的发展和人民生活水平的提高,汽车持有量逐年增加,同时每年报废的轮胎也越来越多。据统计,我国废旧轮胎以每年12%的速度增加,在2005年已达到1.2亿条,到2010年将达到2亿条。我国将面临国外发达国家早已遇到的大量废旧轮胎的处理问题。废胶堆积污染环境,存在火灾隐患,威胁人民生命、财产的安全。因此,如何综合利用数量巨大的废旧橡胶、治理环境污染是全社会都应该重视解决的大问题。在高分子材料中,塑料的产量占第一位。据90年代初统计,我国塑料制品达537万吨,年均废塑料量约376万吨,世界年均废塑料量约7000万吨,而且保持上升趋势,塑料产量与年递增,相应地它们的废弃物也一年比一年多,如果不能及时回收利用,则单塑料制品废弃物的数量就相当可观。如何处理这些废弃物,已成为我国目前亟待解决的问题。
将胶粉和聚乙烯作为改性剂加入沥青中制成的复合改性沥青,不仅可以减少环境中的黑色污染和白色污染,而且改性沥青混合料具有良好的抗高温性能、抗老化性能和弹性性能。多年研究和实践表明,改性沥青铺筑的路面具有降低路面噪音、延缓反射裂缝、减薄路面厚度、抵抗重交通和不良气候方面等优点,并且改性沥青以废胶粉、废PE替代价格昂贵的SBS作为沥青改性剂,还可以降低修路的成本,社会效益十分明显。
我们将制备好的改性沥青首先进行沥青三大指标试验、弹性恢复试验、测力延度试验,研究分析改性剂掺量的变化对复合改性沥青性能的影响。其次,通过进行美国SHRP的动态剪切流变试验、弯曲梁流变试验及布洛克菲尔德粘度试验,分析评价改性沥青的高温性能与低温性能。最后,在改性沥青中添加不同种类的稳定剂进行离析试验,分析评价改性沥青的储存稳定性。
With the development of road traffic and the improvement of people′s life, the possession of the motorcar is raised. At same time, the waste tire is produced more and more. According to statistics, the waste tire increased 12% every year, it achieved 120 million in 2005, and will reach 200 million in 2010.We will face the problem about how to handle so large quantity of waste tire, which existed overseas long ago. The waste tire piled up caused environment pollution, exists dangerous of fire, threaten the safety of people′s life and property. Therefore, how to utilized so large quantity waste rubber, govern the polluted environment is a big problem, which should be got the great attention of the whole society. The output of plastics is primary in macromolecule materials. According to the statistics, the output of plastics reached 5370 thousand tons in 1990. Every year, the average output of plastics about 3760 thousand tons in our country, and the average output of world achieved 70000 thousand tons, but it is still raised. With the plastics output increasing, the waste produced more and more. If we can′t deal with such waste, the quantity of it is considerable. How to deal with such wastes is became the problem which we should solved immediately.
Put the rubber power and polyethylene to asphalt, make the composite modification asphalt which is not only reduced the black waste and white waste, but also have the performance of resisted high temperature, anti-aging and elastic. The research and practice shows on that the roads which use the modification asphalt have many advantages. It can decrease pavement noise, delayed reflection crack, thinned pavement thickness, resisted heavy transportation and bad climate and so on. The waste rubber power and the waste PE as modification instead of SBS can reduce the road cost, the benefit of society is apparent.
First, we carried on the penetration degree test, the soft point test, the ductility test, the elastic test and the force ductility test of the composite modified asphalt. Through the results to analyze dosage of the modifier have the influence on the performance of composite modified asphalt. Second, we evaluated the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance of modified asphalt through the dynamic shear rheological test, the bending structure beam rheological test and the block field viscosity test. Third, we did the segregation test, through add the different kinds of stabilizer to evaluate the storage stability.
将胶粉和聚乙烯作为改性剂加入沥青中制成的复合改性沥青,不仅可以减少环境中的黑色污染和白色污染,而且改性沥青混合料具有良好的抗高温性能、抗老化性能和弹性性能。多年研究和实践表明,改性沥青铺筑的路面具有降低路面噪音、延缓反射裂缝、减薄路面厚度、抵抗重交通和不良气候方面等优点,并且改性沥青以废胶粉、废PE替代价格昂贵的SBS作为沥青改性剂,还可以降低修路的成本,社会效益十分明显。
我们将制备好的改性沥青首先进行沥青三大指标试验、弹性恢复试验、测力延度试验,研究分析改性剂掺量的变化对复合改性沥青性能的影响。其次,通过进行美国SHRP的动态剪切流变试验、弯曲梁流变试验及布洛克菲尔德粘度试验,分析评价改性沥青的高温性能与低温性能。最后,在改性沥青中添加不同种类的稳定剂进行离析试验,分析评价改性沥青的储存稳定性。
With the development of road traffic and the improvement of people′s life, the possession of the motorcar is raised. At same time, the waste tire is produced more and more. According to statistics, the waste tire increased 12% every year, it achieved 120 million in 2005, and will reach 200 million in 2010.We will face the problem about how to handle so large quantity of waste tire, which existed overseas long ago. The waste tire piled up caused environment pollution, exists dangerous of fire, threaten the safety of people′s life and property. Therefore, how to utilized so large quantity waste rubber, govern the polluted environment is a big problem, which should be got the great attention of the whole society. The output of plastics is primary in macromolecule materials. According to the statistics, the output of plastics reached 5370 thousand tons in 1990. Every year, the average output of plastics about 3760 thousand tons in our country, and the average output of world achieved 70000 thousand tons, but it is still raised. With the plastics output increasing, the waste produced more and more. If we can′t deal with such waste, the quantity of it is considerable. How to deal with such wastes is became the problem which we should solved immediately.
Put the rubber power and polyethylene to asphalt, make the composite modification asphalt which is not only reduced the black waste and white waste, but also have the performance of resisted high temperature, anti-aging and elastic. The research and practice shows on that the roads which use the modification asphalt have many advantages. It can decrease pavement noise, delayed reflection crack, thinned pavement thickness, resisted heavy transportation and bad climate and so on. The waste rubber power and the waste PE as modification instead of SBS can reduce the road cost, the benefit of society is apparent.
First, we carried on the penetration degree test, the soft point test, the ductility test, the elastic test and the force ductility test of the composite modified asphalt. Through the results to analyze dosage of the modifier have the influence on the performance of composite modified asphalt. Second, we evaluated the high temperature performance and the low temperature performance of modified asphalt through the dynamic shear rheological test, the bending structure beam rheological test and the block field viscosity test. Third, we did the segregation test, through add the different kinds of stabilizer to evaluate the storage stability.
引文
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[6] 原建安.PE 改性沥青中几个问题的讨论.西安公路交通大学学报,1999,19(1)∶14-17
[7] 黄平.聚合物无机纳米复合材料的研究与应用.现代塑料加工应用,2000,12(5):38
[8] 王文新等.PSHDPE 反应共混的研究.高分子材料科学与工程,1998,14(2):71
[9] 刘英俊,王锡臣.改性塑料行业指南.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2000:148
[10] 陈源.废胶粉应用前瞻.合成橡胶工业,2001,24(2):65-66
[11] 韩秀山.我国公路应推广使用废胶粉改性沥青.橡胶工业,2001, 48 (8): 474
[12] 朱梦良.橡胶粉复合改性沥青的性能与应用技术研究
[13] 许传路,王哲.改性聚乙烯对沥青性能影响分析与探讨.石油沥青,2006,20(1):21-27
[14] 张争奇.聚乙烯塑料改性沥青.重庆交通学院学报,2000,19(4):30-34
[15] 何永峰,刘玉强.胶粉生产及其应用—废旧橡胶资源化新技术.北京:中国石化出版社,2001
[16] ASTMD 6114-1997. Standard Specification for Asphalt-Rubber Binder. 1998
[17] 玄 明 琴 , 赵 朝 辉 , 刘 政 .SBS 改 性 沥 青 储 存 稳 定 性 . 抚 顺 石 油 学 院 学报,2003,23(2),1-3
[20] 叶智刚, 孔宪明.橡胶粉改性沥青的研究.武汉理大学学报,2003,25(1):11-14
[21] 赵光贤. 胶粉及其应用.特种橡胶制品,1997,18(1),12-15
[22] 李春田.橡胶工业,1992,39(12):753-756
[23] 赵金义.橡胶工业,1994,41(7):411-413
[24] 王传珉.橡胶工业,1991,38(8):465-466
[25] 黄家湛. 胶粉的含氧基团及其测定.橡胶工业,1996, 44(8)
[26] 解建光,钱春香等.表面活化处理的废胶粉用于改性热拌沥青混合料.公路,2004,(4):101-104
[27] 李德超,武贤慧.PE 改性沥青性能研究. 石油沥青,2003,17(3):39-43
[28] Navarro FJ, Partal P,Martinnez-Boza F,et al. Rheological characteristics of ground tier rubber-modified bitumens. Chemical engineering journal,2002
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