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煤炭开采对植物根际微环境影响规律及生态修复效应
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摘要
选择神东矿区2个典型煤矿,通过野外实地调查和采样分析,研究了煤炭开采对植物根际微环境的影响以及植物根际微环境的自修复能力,然后在大田条件下研究了接种丛枝菌根真菌对植物根际微环境自修复能力的影响。主要结论如下:植物根际微生物数量、酶活性、土壤含水量、电导率因植物种类、植物大小、季节变化、土层深度而不同;地表裂缝对植物根际微环境造成了一定程度的扰动,对沙坡上植物根际微环境的扰动更强;随着地表裂缝的逐渐闭合,地表裂缝对植物根际微环境的影响有所减弱;植物根际微环境具有一定的自修复能力,其中,油蒿根际微环境自修复能力最强,沙柳其次,杨树最弱;接种丛枝菌根真菌能够改善了植物根际微环境,促进植物根系的生长发育。
Two typical coal mines of Shendong mining area were chosen in this study, andbased on field investigation and sample analysis, the effects of coal mining on plantrhizosphere microenvironment and its self-repairing capability were studied.Additionally, the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the self-repairingcapability of plant rhizosphere microenvironment were also researched. The resultsindicated that the quantity of plant rhizosphere microorganism, enzyme activity, watercontent and electrical conductivity of soil varied with different plant species, differentbiomass, different seasons and different soil depth. The surface cracks caused somedisturbances on the plant rhizosphere microenvironment to a degree, and thedisturbance was stronger on the rhizosphere microenvironment of plants which growon the sandy slopes. With the closure of surface cracks, the effects of surface crackson the plant rhizosphere microenvironment weakened gradually. Plant rhizospheremicroenvironment was self-repairing to a degree, and in the three species of Populus,Salix psammophila and Artemisia ordosica, the self-repairing capacity of Artemisiaordosica was the strongest. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could improve plantrhizosphere microenvironment and contribute to the growth of plant’s roots.
引文
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