列车振动荷载下复杂空间与结构形态盾构隧道的动力特性
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摘要
随着我国高速铁路的迅猛发展,在山区和城市出现了大量空间交叉隧道和交叉隧道结构。由于盾构法施工具有安全、高效、自动化程度高、对周边扰动小等优势,这些空间交叉隧道和交叉隧道结构有相当大部分为盾构法交叉隧道,而以盾构隧道联络横通道、通风或到发竖井、泵房与盾构隧道主体结构形成的交叉结构也大量存在,有鉴于此,本文结合广深港客运专线狮子洋隧道,开展了列车振动荷载下复杂空间与结构形态盾构隧道的动力特性研究,主要研究不同车速列车振动荷载下、不同围岩级别交叉盾构隧道及交叉隧道结构(以联络横通道结构为代表)的动力响应特性,主要研究工作和成果如下：
(1)研究了不同行车速度下列车振动荷载的产生机理,分析了不同行车速度下的车辆振动荷载的数学表达式研究,振动荷载的影响因素包括车轮自重、行车速度、行车平顺性、波形磨耗等若干车辆与轨道两方面的因素。
(2)阐述了列车振动动力学分析理论及其求解方法,建立了列车以特定速度前行、作用在列车车轮上的列车振动荷载随空间移动和时间变化的列车荷载施加新方式,该方式可有效克服现有仅在轨道特定区段施加振动荷载的荷载施加方式的弊端,提高仿真分析的准确性。
(3)研究了不同列车振动荷载、不同围岩级别条件下空间正交盾构隧道的动力响应,探明了空间正交隧道中,列车在上部隧道行驶时,下部隧道各点的加速度响应呈现出先增大并平稳持续一段时间后再下降的特点,揭示了正交位置处加速度主频表现明显且控制着加速度时程的宏观形态。
(4)研究了不同列车振动荷载、不同围岩级别条件下的盾构隧道联络横通道交叉结构的动力响应。揭示了交叉口横通道最大主应力和最大速度出现的位置,列车所在隧道和无车侧隧道的动力响应特征和区别。探明了左隧道左侧与右隧道右侧对称各点的加速度曲线频谱特性变化特点及其加速度最大值的相对关系。
With the rapid development of high-speed railway, there is a large number of space-cross tunnels and structures of space-cross tunnel.Thanks to the high security,high efficiency,high degree of automation and low disturbance to the surroundings of the shield method construction, a great quantity of space-cross tunnels and structures of space-cross tunnel are space-cross tunnel constructed through shield method, there are also numbers of cross structures, such as, transverse passage-way,ventilating duct, starting and ending Shafts, pump house and main structure of shield tunnel, connected by shield tunnel. On that account, the research is carried out on the study of dynamic characteristics of the shield tunnel in complicated space and structure morphology under vibration load of train, based on the construction of the ShiZiyang shield tunnel in high-speed railway which from Guangzhou to Shengzhen to Hong Kong. The main research is about the study of dynamics response characteristics of space-cross tunnels and structures of space-cross tunnel(represented by the transverse passage-way structure) under vibration load of train of different speeds and different surrounding rock classifications. The main research work and achievements are as follows:
The generation mechanics of vibration load of train of different speed were studied, the mathematical expression of vibration load of train under different speed were analysed. The factors that influence vibration load include wheel weight, running speed, riding comfort, undulatory wear and so on, which are the factors of both vehicle and rail.
The analytical theory and calculation method of the vibration dynamics of the train were stated, a new method of inflicting train load which is imposed on train wheel, varied alone with the spatial displacement and the time, under the circumstances that the train is running on specific speed is established, which is efficient on overcoming the disadvantages of the current method of inflicting train load,which is only inflict vibration load on the specific sector of the rail, resulting in the improvement of the analytical accuracy.
The dynamic response of the space orthogonal shield tunnel under different train vibration loads and different surrounding rock classifications were studied. The characteristic of acceleration response,which should increase at first and keep stable for a while, then decrease, of each points in the lower tunnel was verified, while the train is running in the upper tunnel of the space orthogonal shield tunnel. The macro morphology of that the basic frequency of acceleration at orthogonal position performs significantly and controls time history of acceleration is revealed.
The cross structure dynamic response of the connecting transverse pass way of shield tunnel
under different train vibration loads and different surrounding rock classifications were studied. The position where the maximum principle stress and maximum speed in the transverse pass way occur, and the characteristic and the difference of dynamic response of the tunnel with train and without train, were verified. The changing characteristic of frequency spectrum of acceleration curve and the relative relationship of the maximum value of acceleration of the symmetrical points at both left side of left tunnel and right side of right tunnel are revealed.
(1)研究了不同行车速度下列车振动荷载的产生机理,分析了不同行车速度下的车辆振动荷载的数学表达式研究,振动荷载的影响因素包括车轮自重、行车速度、行车平顺性、波形磨耗等若干车辆与轨道两方面的因素。
(2)阐述了列车振动动力学分析理论及其求解方法,建立了列车以特定速度前行、作用在列车车轮上的列车振动荷载随空间移动和时间变化的列车荷载施加新方式,该方式可有效克服现有仅在轨道特定区段施加振动荷载的荷载施加方式的弊端,提高仿真分析的准确性。
(3)研究了不同列车振动荷载、不同围岩级别条件下空间正交盾构隧道的动力响应,探明了空间正交隧道中,列车在上部隧道行驶时,下部隧道各点的加速度响应呈现出先增大并平稳持续一段时间后再下降的特点,揭示了正交位置处加速度主频表现明显且控制着加速度时程的宏观形态。
(4)研究了不同列车振动荷载、不同围岩级别条件下的盾构隧道联络横通道交叉结构的动力响应。揭示了交叉口横通道最大主应力和最大速度出现的位置,列车所在隧道和无车侧隧道的动力响应特征和区别。探明了左隧道左侧与右隧道右侧对称各点的加速度曲线频谱特性变化特点及其加速度最大值的相对关系。
With the rapid development of high-speed railway, there is a large number of space-cross tunnels and structures of space-cross tunnel.Thanks to the high security,high efficiency,high degree of automation and low disturbance to the surroundings of the shield method construction, a great quantity of space-cross tunnels and structures of space-cross tunnel are space-cross tunnel constructed through shield method, there are also numbers of cross structures, such as, transverse passage-way,ventilating duct, starting and ending Shafts, pump house and main structure of shield tunnel, connected by shield tunnel. On that account, the research is carried out on the study of dynamic characteristics of the shield tunnel in complicated space and structure morphology under vibration load of train, based on the construction of the ShiZiyang shield tunnel in high-speed railway which from Guangzhou to Shengzhen to Hong Kong. The main research is about the study of dynamics response characteristics of space-cross tunnels and structures of space-cross tunnel(represented by the transverse passage-way structure) under vibration load of train of different speeds and different surrounding rock classifications. The main research work and achievements are as follows:
The generation mechanics of vibration load of train of different speed were studied, the mathematical expression of vibration load of train under different speed were analysed. The factors that influence vibration load include wheel weight, running speed, riding comfort, undulatory wear and so on, which are the factors of both vehicle and rail.
The analytical theory and calculation method of the vibration dynamics of the train were stated, a new method of inflicting train load which is imposed on train wheel, varied alone with the spatial displacement and the time, under the circumstances that the train is running on specific speed is established, which is efficient on overcoming the disadvantages of the current method of inflicting train load,which is only inflict vibration load on the specific sector of the rail, resulting in the improvement of the analytical accuracy.
The dynamic response of the space orthogonal shield tunnel under different train vibration loads and different surrounding rock classifications were studied. The characteristic of acceleration response,which should increase at first and keep stable for a while, then decrease, of each points in the lower tunnel was verified, while the train is running in the upper tunnel of the space orthogonal shield tunnel. The macro morphology of that the basic frequency of acceleration at orthogonal position performs significantly and controls time history of acceleration is revealed.
The cross structure dynamic response of the connecting transverse pass way of shield tunnel
under different train vibration loads and different surrounding rock classifications were studied. The position where the maximum principle stress and maximum speed in the transverse pass way occur, and the characteristic and the difference of dynamic response of the tunnel with train and without train, were verified. The changing characteristic of frequency spectrum of acceleration curve and the relative relationship of the maximum value of acceleration of the symmetrical points at both left side of left tunnel and right side of right tunnel are revealed.
引文
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[4]张厚贵,刘维宁,刘卫丰,贾颖绚.北京地下直径线运营对地铁2号线隧道结构振动影响控制标准的研究.隧道建设.2007,8(S)：93-97.
[5]白冰,李春峰.地铁列车振动作用下交叠隧道的三维动力响应.岩土力学.2007.10,28(S)：715-718.
[6]贾颖绚,刘维宁,孙晓静,刘卫丰,张厚贵.三维交叠隧道列车运营对环境的振动影响.铁道学报.2009.04,31(2)：104-109.
[7]徐海清,傅志峰,梁立刚,王国波,陈梁.列车荷载作用下紧邻垂直多孔隧道环境振动分析.岩土力学.2011.06,32(6)：1869-1873.
[8]白冰,李春峰.地铁列车振动作用下近距离平行隧道的弹塑性动力响应.岩土力学.2009.01,30(1)：123-127.
[9]于艳丽,徐海清,李振伟,傅志峰,谢伟平.列车荷载作用下紧邻平行多孔隧道的环境振动分析.岩土工程学报.2011.11,33(11)：1801-1806.
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