塘沽城区集中供热方案研究
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摘要
集中供热以其节能、环保和供热质量好等优点,成为城市的主要供热方式。近年来,随着城市供热事业的不断发展,供热系统的规模在逐渐扩大,多热源联网运行也就自然而然地成为集中供热的发展趋势。多热源联网集中供热系统中,利用大型燃煤锅炉或热电厂作为主热源承担城市集中供热基本负荷,小型燃煤锅炉或燃气锅炉承担尖峰负荷,这样可以使大型高效率供热设备更多时间在满负荷下运行,提高了集中供热的供热效率。同时,多热源环状管网作为多热源联网集中供热的一种联网方式,因其经济性、可靠性也得到了广泛的推广应用。
本文对塘沽城区集中供热现状进行了详细的调查,并根据调查结果分析得出现状存在问题。在此基础上,根据《天津市滨海新区总体规划》的要求,对塘沽城区集中供热热源提出两种不同的建设方案,并通过定性及定量的对比分析,确定了热源方案。
本文利用无因次数学公式法绘制的热负荷延续时间图来预测多热源集中供热系统所承担的热负荷,从而确定系统年总供热量、各热源年供热量,并在此基础上确定热源运行及调节方式,为下一步热力网规划及其水力工况分析做准备。
此外本文还对塘沽城区多热源联网集中供热枝状热力网和环状热力网系统进行技术经济分析,从供热的安全可靠性、水力工况的稳定性以及系统的可扩张性等方面进行对比,阐述了环状管网系统技术上的优势;利用全寿命周期成本分析方法,对枝状热力网和环状热力网系统的全寿命周期成本进行对比,得出环状热力网系统在经济性上优于枝状热力网系统。
本文最后对集中供热环状热力网系统运行时出现的故障工况进行了水力工况分析。通过对热源故障工况及管段故障工况的分析,进一步定量的分析了环状热力网系统供热的可靠性,从而确定环状热力网形式是一种值得推广应用的多热源联网形式。
construction for its advantages of saving energy, preserving environment and high quality of heat supply. In recent years,the scale of heating network keeps enlarging along with the continuous development of urban heat-supply system. The multi-heat sources networking operation naturally becomes the trend of the future development of centralized heating system.Multi-source heating system ,which makes use of large coal boiler or CHP system to shoulder element load and small coal boiler or gas boiler to shoulder sharp load,can make the former one supply heat in full capacity, promoting the efficiency of central heating system. In the meantime, circular heat-supply network which is one kind of networking of multi-source central heating system is widely applied because of its economical efficiency and reliability.
This thesis carefully investigates the central heating condition and finds the problems exist after analyzing the results. On the base of the investigation and with considering“The Tianjin Binhai new area collectivity planning”, two different construction schemes of the heat source organizational the central heating system are proposed. After qualitative and quantitative analysis, the scheme for heat source is finally determined.
Furthermore, this thesis calculates the scale of heat source, as well as the time of opening and regulating the peak load, by using the thermal load duration figure drafted by dimensionless mathematical formula method. And the results are used to calculate the yearly total heat supply, heat supplied by thermal power plant and heat supplied by the peak load heat-source.
What’s more, technologic and economical efficiency for the different types of pipeline of the multi-source heating system is discussed in this thesis. After considering safety, reliability, stability of the hydraulic conditions and expansibility of the system, this paper presents technology advantages of the circular pipe system. Besides, by using Life Cycle Cost analysis of Value Engineering, this paper compares the life cycle cost of different types of pipeline and then comes to the conclusion that circular pipe system is more economically reasonable than the branch shape pipeline system.
At the end of the thesis, the malfunction analysis of the hydraulic working condition of the circular pipe central heating system is done. And by analyzing the malfunction of heat source and pipe section respectively, further quantitative analysis of the reliability for the circular pipe heating system is also done. The conclusion is reached that it is worthy to popularize circular pipe network as one kind of multi-source heating network.
本文对塘沽城区集中供热现状进行了详细的调查,并根据调查结果分析得出现状存在问题。在此基础上,根据《天津市滨海新区总体规划》的要求,对塘沽城区集中供热热源提出两种不同的建设方案,并通过定性及定量的对比分析,确定了热源方案。
本文利用无因次数学公式法绘制的热负荷延续时间图来预测多热源集中供热系统所承担的热负荷,从而确定系统年总供热量、各热源年供热量,并在此基础上确定热源运行及调节方式,为下一步热力网规划及其水力工况分析做准备。
此外本文还对塘沽城区多热源联网集中供热枝状热力网和环状热力网系统进行技术经济分析,从供热的安全可靠性、水力工况的稳定性以及系统的可扩张性等方面进行对比,阐述了环状管网系统技术上的优势;利用全寿命周期成本分析方法,对枝状热力网和环状热力网系统的全寿命周期成本进行对比,得出环状热力网系统在经济性上优于枝状热力网系统。
本文最后对集中供热环状热力网系统运行时出现的故障工况进行了水力工况分析。通过对热源故障工况及管段故障工况的分析,进一步定量的分析了环状热力网系统供热的可靠性,从而确定环状热力网形式是一种值得推广应用的多热源联网形式。
construction for its advantages of saving energy, preserving environment and high quality of heat supply. In recent years,the scale of heating network keeps enlarging along with the continuous development of urban heat-supply system. The multi-heat sources networking operation naturally becomes the trend of the future development of centralized heating system.Multi-source heating system ,which makes use of large coal boiler or CHP system to shoulder element load and small coal boiler or gas boiler to shoulder sharp load,can make the former one supply heat in full capacity, promoting the efficiency of central heating system. In the meantime, circular heat-supply network which is one kind of networking of multi-source central heating system is widely applied because of its economical efficiency and reliability.
This thesis carefully investigates the central heating condition and finds the problems exist after analyzing the results. On the base of the investigation and with considering“The Tianjin Binhai new area collectivity planning”, two different construction schemes of the heat source organizational the central heating system are proposed. After qualitative and quantitative analysis, the scheme for heat source is finally determined.
Furthermore, this thesis calculates the scale of heat source, as well as the time of opening and regulating the peak load, by using the thermal load duration figure drafted by dimensionless mathematical formula method. And the results are used to calculate the yearly total heat supply, heat supplied by thermal power plant and heat supplied by the peak load heat-source.
What’s more, technologic and economical efficiency for the different types of pipeline of the multi-source heating system is discussed in this thesis. After considering safety, reliability, stability of the hydraulic conditions and expansibility of the system, this paper presents technology advantages of the circular pipe system. Besides, by using Life Cycle Cost analysis of Value Engineering, this paper compares the life cycle cost of different types of pipeline and then comes to the conclusion that circular pipe system is more economically reasonable than the branch shape pipeline system.
At the end of the thesis, the malfunction analysis of the hydraulic working condition of the circular pipe central heating system is done. And by analyzing the malfunction of heat source and pipe section respectively, further quantitative analysis of the reliability for the circular pipe heating system is also done. The conclusion is reached that it is worthy to popularize circular pipe network as one kind of multi-source heating network.
引文
[1]张殿光.多热源联合供热的工况分析及最佳方案确定[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2005.1-5.
[2]石兆玉.供热系统多热源联网运行的再认识[J].中国建设信息供热制冷专刊,2006(2):52-58.
[3]顾昌,秦红.热电冷联产系统综合节能条件的研究[J].区域供热,1997(6):40-41.
[4]张琪欣.浅谈多热源联网技术的优越性[J].科技情报开发与经济,2003(3):41-44.
[5]中国市政工程华北设计研究院,天津市城市规划设计研究院.天津市滨海新区供热专项规划(2006—2020年)[Z].天津:2007.
[6]中国动力工程学会热力专业委员会.我国城市集中供热发展概况[J].动力工程,1997(5):21-22.
[7]李先瑞.从统计数字看我国的集中供热[J].区域供热,2003(6):5-9.
[8]王琳.多热源集中供热系统优化运行[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2008.2-13.
[9]曾享麟,项恩田,李先瑞等.国内外城镇集中供热的技术状况[J].区域供热,1995 (3):12-21.
[10]王宏武,王中岩,王魁吉.环状管网双热源系统的经济运行与调节[J].区域供热,1997 (3):7-10.
[11]黄晓飞,邱学钧.环形管网在集中供热系统中的应用[J].暖通空调,1997,27(2):4-6.
[12]贺平,陶永纯,孙刚.多热源联合供热系统管网设计原则与方法剖析[J].煤气与热力,1990.5:36-38.
[13]秦绪忠,江亿.多热源并网供热的水力优化调度研究[J].暖通空调,2001.1:5-8.
[14]秦绪忠,江亿.基于遗传算法的环形供热网可及性分析[J].清华大学学报,1999,6:33-37.
[15]尹娟.城市集中供热管网优化[D].天津:河北工业大学,2005.4-5.
[16] C.H.AIKENS.Facility Location Modds for Distribution Planning[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1985(22):263-279.
[17] UMIT.AKINC . Multi-Activity Facility Design and Location Problem[J].Management Science,1985(31):257-283.
[18]皮特?兰德劳夫.区域供热手册[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998.66-68.
[19]建设部赴芬兰考察集中供热计量系统与收费制度代表团.芬兰的集中供热计量系统及收费制度[J].建设科技,2002(3):29-30.
[20]曾享麟,蔡启林,解鲁生等.欧洲集中供热的发展[J].区域供热,2002(1):18-19.
[21] Bjon Rolfsman.Optimal Supply and Demand Investments in Municipal Energy Systems[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2004(45),595-611.
[22]徐忠堂.发展中的中国城市集中供热[J].城市发展研究,2000(4):25-26.
[23]龙惟定.建筑节能与建筑能效管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.
[24]付林.热电(冷)联产系统电力调峰运行研究[D].北京:清华大学,2000.2-21.
[25]贺平,孙刚.供热工程[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1993.64-187.
[26]张殿军,贺平,许明哲.利用无因次综合公式确定采暖热负荷延续图[J].区域供热,1990(3):30-32.
[27]许明哲,贺平.采暖热负荷延续图的确定方法[J].区域供热,1986(1):50-55.
[28]贺平,王雅茹,许明哲等.我国一些城市采暖热负荷延时图基础资料的统计整理与分析研究[J].区域供热,1993(2):8-19.
[29]江亿.热源京城供热之忧[J].科技潮,2004(4):16-20.
[30]王魁古,孙玉庆.多热源环网供热技术[J].暖通空调,2002(6):83-86.
[31]由世俊,朱晏琳,郑雪晶等.供热二级网侧设置燃气调峰锅炉的探讨及节能分析[J].暖通空调,2007(1):13、48-51.
[32]徐飞.热负荷延续时间图在调峰锅炉房中的运用[J].建筑节能,2004(7):53?55.
[33]黄娇.燃气调峰锅炉房配置的综合评价[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2008.9-14.
[34]付祥钊,茅清希.流体输配管网[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社(第二版),2005.282-321.
[35]盛晓文.热电厂供热系统调峰方式的研究[J].节能,1990(11):80-82.
[36]郑雪晶,由世俊,张欢等.二级网燃气调峰集中供热系统优化设计[J].天津大学学报,2007(8):948-951.
[37]中华人民共和国建设部.GJJ34-2002.城市热网设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[38]刘继文.浅谈多热源环状管网的优越性[J].山西建筑,2008(19):180-181.
[39]王宏武,王中岩,王魁吉.环状管网双热源系统的经济运行与调节[J].区域供热,1997(3):7-10.
[40]黄晓飞,邱学钧.环形管网在集中供热系统中的应用[J].暖通空调,1997(2):4-6.
[41] Kirk Stephen J , Dell Isola Alphonse J . Life cycle costing for design professionals[M].Columbus:McGraw?Hill companies,1995.
[42]石建中,刘堂文.暖通空调设计的LCC概念[J].工业安全与环保,2002(7):27?28.
[43]刘映.暖通空调系统全寿命周期成本研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.1-14.
[44]周三多.管理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.336-346.
[45]王晓霞.环状热网故障工况限额供热的研究[J].煤气与热力,2006(6):61-64.
[2]石兆玉.供热系统多热源联网运行的再认识[J].中国建设信息供热制冷专刊,2006(2):52-58.
[3]顾昌,秦红.热电冷联产系统综合节能条件的研究[J].区域供热,1997(6):40-41.
[4]张琪欣.浅谈多热源联网技术的优越性[J].科技情报开发与经济,2003(3):41-44.
[5]中国市政工程华北设计研究院,天津市城市规划设计研究院.天津市滨海新区供热专项规划(2006—2020年)[Z].天津:2007.
[6]中国动力工程学会热力专业委员会.我国城市集中供热发展概况[J].动力工程,1997(5):21-22.
[7]李先瑞.从统计数字看我国的集中供热[J].区域供热,2003(6):5-9.
[8]王琳.多热源集中供热系统优化运行[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2008.2-13.
[9]曾享麟,项恩田,李先瑞等.国内外城镇集中供热的技术状况[J].区域供热,1995 (3):12-21.
[10]王宏武,王中岩,王魁吉.环状管网双热源系统的经济运行与调节[J].区域供热,1997 (3):7-10.
[11]黄晓飞,邱学钧.环形管网在集中供热系统中的应用[J].暖通空调,1997,27(2):4-6.
[12]贺平,陶永纯,孙刚.多热源联合供热系统管网设计原则与方法剖析[J].煤气与热力,1990.5:36-38.
[13]秦绪忠,江亿.多热源并网供热的水力优化调度研究[J].暖通空调,2001.1:5-8.
[14]秦绪忠,江亿.基于遗传算法的环形供热网可及性分析[J].清华大学学报,1999,6:33-37.
[15]尹娟.城市集中供热管网优化[D].天津:河北工业大学,2005.4-5.
[16] C.H.AIKENS.Facility Location Modds for Distribution Planning[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1985(22):263-279.
[17] UMIT.AKINC . Multi-Activity Facility Design and Location Problem[J].Management Science,1985(31):257-283.
[18]皮特?兰德劳夫.区域供热手册[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998.66-68.
[19]建设部赴芬兰考察集中供热计量系统与收费制度代表团.芬兰的集中供热计量系统及收费制度[J].建设科技,2002(3):29-30.
[20]曾享麟,蔡启林,解鲁生等.欧洲集中供热的发展[J].区域供热,2002(1):18-19.
[21] Bjon Rolfsman.Optimal Supply and Demand Investments in Municipal Energy Systems[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2004(45),595-611.
[22]徐忠堂.发展中的中国城市集中供热[J].城市发展研究,2000(4):25-26.
[23]龙惟定.建筑节能与建筑能效管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.
[24]付林.热电(冷)联产系统电力调峰运行研究[D].北京:清华大学,2000.2-21.
[25]贺平,孙刚.供热工程[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1993.64-187.
[26]张殿军,贺平,许明哲.利用无因次综合公式确定采暖热负荷延续图[J].区域供热,1990(3):30-32.
[27]许明哲,贺平.采暖热负荷延续图的确定方法[J].区域供热,1986(1):50-55.
[28]贺平,王雅茹,许明哲等.我国一些城市采暖热负荷延时图基础资料的统计整理与分析研究[J].区域供热,1993(2):8-19.
[29]江亿.热源京城供热之忧[J].科技潮,2004(4):16-20.
[30]王魁古,孙玉庆.多热源环网供热技术[J].暖通空调,2002(6):83-86.
[31]由世俊,朱晏琳,郑雪晶等.供热二级网侧设置燃气调峰锅炉的探讨及节能分析[J].暖通空调,2007(1):13、48-51.
[32]徐飞.热负荷延续时间图在调峰锅炉房中的运用[J].建筑节能,2004(7):53?55.
[33]黄娇.燃气调峰锅炉房配置的综合评价[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2008.9-14.
[34]付祥钊,茅清希.流体输配管网[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社(第二版),2005.282-321.
[35]盛晓文.热电厂供热系统调峰方式的研究[J].节能,1990(11):80-82.
[36]郑雪晶,由世俊,张欢等.二级网燃气调峰集中供热系统优化设计[J].天津大学学报,2007(8):948-951.
[37]中华人民共和国建设部.GJJ34-2002.城市热网设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[38]刘继文.浅谈多热源环状管网的优越性[J].山西建筑,2008(19):180-181.
[39]王宏武,王中岩,王魁吉.环状管网双热源系统的经济运行与调节[J].区域供热,1997(3):7-10.
[40]黄晓飞,邱学钧.环形管网在集中供热系统中的应用[J].暖通空调,1997(2):4-6.
[41] Kirk Stephen J , Dell Isola Alphonse J . Life cycle costing for design professionals[M].Columbus:McGraw?Hill companies,1995.
[42]石建中,刘堂文.暖通空调设计的LCC概念[J].工业安全与环保,2002(7):27?28.
[43]刘映.暖通空调系统全寿命周期成本研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.1-14.
[44]周三多.管理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.336-346.
[45]王晓霞.环状热网故障工况限额供热的研究[J].煤气与热力,2006(6):61-64.