汽油/LPG双燃料发动机谐振进气系统研究
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摘要
随着现代汽车对发动机优化转矩曲线的要求日益提高, 采用可变进气系统(VIS), 提高发动机低转速范围的充量系数ηυ,进而提高输出转矩、降低燃油消耗、改善排放的方法在世界上得到了广泛应用。同时, 由于各国环境保护条例和废气排放法规的实施, 清洁燃料LPG( 液化石油气) 在发动机上的应用愈来愈多。汽油机采用LPG作燃料后功率下降10%左右, 扭矩下降12%左右, 其主要原因是ηυ的影响。深入研究和分析发动机的进气规律, 开发出能够提高发动机低转速范围充量系数的新型进气系统, 对提高发动机的动力性、降低能源消耗、改善环境等方面具有重大的现实意义。本文的主要研究内容如下:
应用Matlab/guide 软件,建立EQ6100 汽油/LPG 双燃料发动机的Helmholtz( 亥姆霍兹) 谐振进气系统模型。计算出谐振管长度与理论谐振转速的对应关系。
设计出进气管、空滤器接头等零件, 经过刻模具、浇铸、加工, 装配到EQ6100 汽油/LPG 发动机上。通过以汽油为燃料, 原机进气系统与不同谐振管长度进气系统的对比试验,从而确定最佳谐振管长度。
利用试验数据修正Helmholtz 谐振进气系统模型, 计算出最佳谐振管长度。以LPG 为燃料, 做原机进气系统与采用最佳谐振管长度进气系统的对比试验。
研制开发出电控可变谐振进气系统, 应用到EQ6100 汽油/LPG双燃料发动机上。在发动机的低转速范围利用长的进气谐振管输出高扭矩, 在高的转速范围利用短的进气谐振管输出高功率。试验结果显示该系统对发动机的额定功率影响很小, 最大转矩提高了11.8%(汽
Accompanying with the increase of optimize torque curve in engine used by moden vehicle,variable intake system(VIS) is applied widely in the world to increase the output torque of engine in low speed ranges because of high volumetric efficiency ηυ,low fuel consumption and low pollution.Synchronously,the clean fuel of LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is used by more and more countries because of the autulizing of rules in law of environment protecting and air pollution emission.When using LPG to substitute gasoline,the output power of engine decrease about 10% per cent and the maximal torque low about 12% per cent.The main reseason is the reducing of volumetric efficiency.In order to improve the performance,reduce fuel comsumption and exhaust emissions during engine operation,the deep analysis has been conducted in this paper on the law of engine induction system.Therefor,this research has obvious realistic significance.
Main contens in this paper are as follow:
Helmholtz resonance model for EQ6100 gasoline/LPG dual fuel engine induction system is extablished on the platform of Matlab/guid.The relation between resonance speed and resonance pipe-length is found by calculation.
The parts such as intake tube,air cleaner connector ect are installed on the engine by the process of designing,patternmaking,metal founding and machining.In order to found the optimum induction pipe-
length,the performance characteristics of the engine runing fueled by gasoline between original induction system and different resonance pipe-length induction system, are compared on their engine power,fuel consumption and torque. The optimum resonance pipe-length is modified by revising the resonance model using the test data.The performance characteristics of the engine runing fueled by LPG are compared on their engine power,fuel consumption and torque between original induction system and different resonance pipe-length induction system. A Variable Resonance Pipe-Length of Induction System has been excogitated and emploied in EQ6100 gasoline/LPG dual fuel engine.When the engine operated in low speed ranges the short resonance pipe is tuned on to increase the output torque,when the engine operated in high speed ranges the long resonance pipe is tuned on to increase the output power.By using this system,the max torque of engine is improved by 11.8 per cent(running fueled by gasoline)、9.6 per cent (running fueled by LPG)and the fuel consumptions at wide-open throttle was lowed 4g/kW ·h(running fueled by gasoline). Finally,influence factors of gasoline and LPG upon the Va riable Resonance Pipe-Length of Induction System were analysed. The science and technology report(NO : 20041b0100403) show that there hasn’t reported about the Variable Resonance Pipe-Length of Induction System in China.It has passed the science and technolo gy appraisal of education department of HeNan province( [2004]No.005).
应用Matlab/guide 软件,建立EQ6100 汽油/LPG 双燃料发动机的Helmholtz( 亥姆霍兹) 谐振进气系统模型。计算出谐振管长度与理论谐振转速的对应关系。
设计出进气管、空滤器接头等零件, 经过刻模具、浇铸、加工, 装配到EQ6100 汽油/LPG 发动机上。通过以汽油为燃料, 原机进气系统与不同谐振管长度进气系统的对比试验,从而确定最佳谐振管长度。
利用试验数据修正Helmholtz 谐振进气系统模型, 计算出最佳谐振管长度。以LPG 为燃料, 做原机进气系统与采用最佳谐振管长度进气系统的对比试验。
研制开发出电控可变谐振进气系统, 应用到EQ6100 汽油/LPG双燃料发动机上。在发动机的低转速范围利用长的进气谐振管输出高扭矩, 在高的转速范围利用短的进气谐振管输出高功率。试验结果显示该系统对发动机的额定功率影响很小, 最大转矩提高了11.8%(汽
Accompanying with the increase of optimize torque curve in engine used by moden vehicle,variable intake system(VIS) is applied widely in the world to increase the output torque of engine in low speed ranges because of high volumetric efficiency ηυ,low fuel consumption and low pollution.Synchronously,the clean fuel of LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is used by more and more countries because of the autulizing of rules in law of environment protecting and air pollution emission.When using LPG to substitute gasoline,the output power of engine decrease about 10% per cent and the maximal torque low about 12% per cent.The main reseason is the reducing of volumetric efficiency.In order to improve the performance,reduce fuel comsumption and exhaust emissions during engine operation,the deep analysis has been conducted in this paper on the law of engine induction system.Therefor,this research has obvious realistic significance.
Main contens in this paper are as follow:
Helmholtz resonance model for EQ6100 gasoline/LPG dual fuel engine induction system is extablished on the platform of Matlab/guid.The relation between resonance speed and resonance pipe-length is found by calculation.
The parts such as intake tube,air cleaner connector ect are installed on the engine by the process of designing,patternmaking,metal founding and machining.In order to found the optimum induction pipe-
length,the performance characteristics of the engine runing fueled by gasoline between original induction system and different resonance pipe-length induction system, are compared on their engine power,fuel consumption and torque. The optimum resonance pipe-length is modified by revising the resonance model using the test data.The performance characteristics of the engine runing fueled by LPG are compared on their engine power,fuel consumption and torque between original induction system and different resonance pipe-length induction system. A Variable Resonance Pipe-Length of Induction System has been excogitated and emploied in EQ6100 gasoline/LPG dual fuel engine.When the engine operated in low speed ranges the short resonance pipe is tuned on to increase the output torque,when the engine operated in high speed ranges the long resonance pipe is tuned on to increase the output power.By using this system,the max torque of engine is improved by 11.8 per cent(running fueled by gasoline)、9.6 per cent (running fueled by LPG)and the fuel consumptions at wide-open throttle was lowed 4g/kW ·h(running fueled by gasoline). Finally,influence factors of gasoline and LPG upon the Va riable Resonance Pipe-Length of Induction System were analysed. The science and technology report(NO : 20041b0100403) show that there hasn’t reported about the Variable Resonance Pipe-Length of Induction System in China.It has passed the science and technolo gy appraisal of education department of HeNan province( [2004]No.005).
引文
[1] 刘亚萍.液化石油气应用于汽油机的试验研究.内燃机, 1999,(6):33-36.
[2] 朱仙鼎主编. 特种发动机原理与结构. 上海科学技术出版社.1998:1-200.
[3] 廖祥兵, 王军, 朱会田, 等.汽油-液化石油气(LPG) 双燃料在Santana 2000 发动机上的应用.内燃机工程,2002,23( 2):77-80.
[4] 刘世贤,郑万青,金辉.液化石油气作为汽油机燃料的试验研究.内燃机工程,1985,6(1):18-24.
[5] 邓康耀. 涡轮增压可变谐振进气系统的试验研究. 内燃机工程,1999,20(2):42-44.
[6] 杨兴光.车用汽油机可变技术的研究( 中) .汽车杂志, 1995,(1):10-11.
[7] L Mikulic,J Schommers,B geringer.Variable Gas Exchange Systems for S.I Engings-Layout and Experimental Data.SAE paper 920296,1992:416-425.
[8] 陆小明, 高孝洪, 冯春晃.利用进排气系统调谐改善EQ6100 汽油机性能.内燃机工程,1995,16(3),24-28.
[9] 李建文高桐生肖永宁,四冲程内燃机谐振进气系统的特性分析及其对进气过程的影响.内燃机工程,1987,8(2):23-31.
[10] 周启德, 陶俊卫, 金顺爱等,自动调节式发动机进气管试验.天津大学学报,1997,30(2):135-141.
[11] 董伟.汽油机谐振进气设计的研究: [硕士学位论文].吉林: 吉林大学,2003,1-3.
[12] 褚超美, 陈家琪, 张振东, 等.进、排气管结构与配气系统匹配 对汽油机性能的影响研究,内燃机工程,2003,24(5):55.
[13] 余国核.摩托车汽油机进气脉动对发动机性能的影响:[硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学,2004,3-20.
[14] ДрагомировСГГοрнушкинЮГ.内燃机气体动力增压.国外内燃机,1994 (4),22-24.
[15] 杨妙梁. 汽车发动机与环境保护. 北京: 中国物资出版社,2000,122-123.
[16] Kemmann H K.Opel Astra 轿车用新型1.8L 汽油机.国外内燃机,2004 (2):17.
[17] 杨兴光.车用汽油机可变技术的研究( 中) 汽车杂志, 1995,(2):6-9.
[18] 贾丽冬, 陈传举. 内燃机进气管长度可变系统发展现状.拖拉机与农用运输车,2004 (4):63-64.
[19] 朱义轮, 邓真全, 何方正, 等.LPG/汽油双燃料汽车双达标低排放控制系统研究.内燃机工程.2001 (3):15-17.
[20] Kichiro Kato,Kohei Lyarashi,Michihiko Masuda ,etal.Development of Engine for Natural gas Vehicle.SAE paper 990574,1991-939.
[21] 谢瑞燕.双燃料汽车发动机燃气动力性能的研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学,2000,62-64.
[22] N.Watson,Resonant Intake and Variable Geometry Turbocharging System for a V8 Diesel Engine,Turbocharging and Turbochargers,1982.
[23] 陆瑞松.活塞式内燃机和压气机的共振增压, 武汉水运学院学报,1981(2):135-139.
[24] A.Ohata,etc.Dynamic Inlet Pressure and Volumetric Efficiency of Four Cycle Four Cylinder Engine.SAE paper,820407:1637-1648.
[25] 薛定宇, 陈阳泉.基于MATLAB/Simulink 的系统仿真技术与应用.清华大学出版社,2002,1:6-74.
[26] 陈传举, 宗永平, 王林军.LPG 系统匹配试验研究. 车用发动机,2003(6):4-6.
[27] 周龙保.内燃机学,机械工业出版社,1999:235.
[28] C.R. Stone and Y. Etminan,Review of Induction System and a Comparison Between Prediction and Results from a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine.SAE paper 921727,1992.
[29] Xiaobo Sun,Ron Toth,Tom Wiedmann.Development of the GM 5.7L CNG Bi-Fuel Pickup Trucks.SAE paper 980817,1275-1283.
[30] 马南刘耀武张所金等.进气管长度可变系统的研究.车用发动机,2003 (4),22-24.
[31] 董力平. 电控汽油机进气管长度连续可变系统. 内燃机工程,1998,19(1),48-51.
[32] 丁元杰.单片微机原理及应.机械工业出版社,2000:71.
[33] 史岩, 梁安波, 连政国.S195 柴油机进气管充气性能的试验研究.农机与食品机械,1999(2):5-7.
[34] 纪常伟, 陈熙, 林雅.气波增压柴油机进气管设计与优化.农业机械学报,2004,35(3):49-52.
[2] 朱仙鼎主编. 特种发动机原理与结构. 上海科学技术出版社.1998:1-200.
[3] 廖祥兵, 王军, 朱会田, 等.汽油-液化石油气(LPG) 双燃料在Santana 2000 发动机上的应用.内燃机工程,2002,23( 2):77-80.
[4] 刘世贤,郑万青,金辉.液化石油气作为汽油机燃料的试验研究.内燃机工程,1985,6(1):18-24.
[5] 邓康耀. 涡轮增压可变谐振进气系统的试验研究. 内燃机工程,1999,20(2):42-44.
[6] 杨兴光.车用汽油机可变技术的研究( 中) .汽车杂志, 1995,(1):10-11.
[7] L Mikulic,J Schommers,B geringer.Variable Gas Exchange Systems for S.I Engings-Layout and Experimental Data.SAE paper 920296,1992:416-425.
[8] 陆小明, 高孝洪, 冯春晃.利用进排气系统调谐改善EQ6100 汽油机性能.内燃机工程,1995,16(3),24-28.
[9] 李建文高桐生肖永宁,四冲程内燃机谐振进气系统的特性分析及其对进气过程的影响.内燃机工程,1987,8(2):23-31.
[10] 周启德, 陶俊卫, 金顺爱等,自动调节式发动机进气管试验.天津大学学报,1997,30(2):135-141.
[11] 董伟.汽油机谐振进气设计的研究: [硕士学位论文].吉林: 吉林大学,2003,1-3.
[12] 褚超美, 陈家琪, 张振东, 等.进、排气管结构与配气系统匹配 对汽油机性能的影响研究,内燃机工程,2003,24(5):55.
[13] 余国核.摩托车汽油机进气脉动对发动机性能的影响:[硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学,2004,3-20.
[14] ДрагомировСГГοрнушкинЮГ.内燃机气体动力增压.国外内燃机,1994 (4),22-24.
[15] 杨妙梁. 汽车发动机与环境保护. 北京: 中国物资出版社,2000,122-123.
[16] Kemmann H K.Opel Astra 轿车用新型1.8L 汽油机.国外内燃机,2004 (2):17.
[17] 杨兴光.车用汽油机可变技术的研究( 中) 汽车杂志, 1995,(2):6-9.
[18] 贾丽冬, 陈传举. 内燃机进气管长度可变系统发展现状.拖拉机与农用运输车,2004 (4):63-64.
[19] 朱义轮, 邓真全, 何方正, 等.LPG/汽油双燃料汽车双达标低排放控制系统研究.内燃机工程.2001 (3):15-17.
[20] Kichiro Kato,Kohei Lyarashi,Michihiko Masuda ,etal.Development of Engine for Natural gas Vehicle.SAE paper 990574,1991-939.
[21] 谢瑞燕.双燃料汽车发动机燃气动力性能的研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学,2000,62-64.
[22] N.Watson,Resonant Intake and Variable Geometry Turbocharging System for a V8 Diesel Engine,Turbocharging and Turbochargers,1982.
[23] 陆瑞松.活塞式内燃机和压气机的共振增压, 武汉水运学院学报,1981(2):135-139.
[24] A.Ohata,etc.Dynamic Inlet Pressure and Volumetric Efficiency of Four Cycle Four Cylinder Engine.SAE paper,820407:1637-1648.
[25] 薛定宇, 陈阳泉.基于MATLAB/Simulink 的系统仿真技术与应用.清华大学出版社,2002,1:6-74.
[26] 陈传举, 宗永平, 王林军.LPG 系统匹配试验研究. 车用发动机,2003(6):4-6.
[27] 周龙保.内燃机学,机械工业出版社,1999:235.
[28] C.R. Stone and Y. Etminan,Review of Induction System and a Comparison Between Prediction and Results from a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine.SAE paper 921727,1992.
[29] Xiaobo Sun,Ron Toth,Tom Wiedmann.Development of the GM 5.7L CNG Bi-Fuel Pickup Trucks.SAE paper 980817,1275-1283.
[30] 马南刘耀武张所金等.进气管长度可变系统的研究.车用发动机,2003 (4),22-24.
[31] 董力平. 电控汽油机进气管长度连续可变系统. 内燃机工程,1998,19(1),48-51.
[32] 丁元杰.单片微机原理及应.机械工业出版社,2000:71.
[33] 史岩, 梁安波, 连政国.S195 柴油机进气管充气性能的试验研究.农机与食品机械,1999(2):5-7.
[34] 纪常伟, 陈熙, 林雅.气波增压柴油机进气管设计与优化.农业机械学报,2004,35(3):49-52.