南大洋与南海颗粒物运移与输出的同位素示踪研究
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摘要
海洋颗粒物的运移与输出过程是目前海洋碳循环研究的关键环节,其中颗粒有机碳(POC)的输出通量更是衡量海洋生物泵运转效率的重要指标,并且决定着海洋颗粒活性元素和化学组分的生物地球化学循环速率。对此领域的深入研究,对了解海洋生态系统功能和预测全球气候变化趋势均有重要意义。
本文利用Fe(OH)3共沉淀-α能谱-β计数方法测定上层海洋~(234)Th的放射性比活度。将~(234)Th-~(238)U不平衡方法应用于南大洋普里兹湾和南海真光层中颗粒物运移、输出过程以及世界大洋表层水中的~(234)Th清除、迁出情况的研究,加深了对南海碳循环过程的认识,推进了我国在南大洋普里兹湾海域颗粒物与生源要素循环与输出方面的研究,描绘了世界大洋表层水中的颗粒物清除、迁出图像。主要结果如下:
普里兹湾陆架区和陆坡区各站位真光层POC输出通量分别为169.31和55.42 mmol C m-2 d-1,ThE比值为分别为0.61和0.25,表明陆架区颗粒物的清除、迁出过程要比陆坡区活跃,普里兹湾海域夏季具有较高的生物泵运转效率,可能是潜在的CO2汇区。
南海西北部海域真光层的POC输出通量平均为15.98 mmol C m-2 d-1,ThE比值平均为0.18;南沙群岛海域上层水体POC输出通量平均为10.40 mmol C m-2 d-1之间,ThE比值平均为0.27,表明寡营养的南海海域真光层POC输出通量和ThE比值均低于夏季高生产力的普里兹湾陆架海域。
南海西北部、南沙群岛以及普里兹湾陆坡海域各站位均具有明显的真光层双层层化结构,~(234)Th清除、迁出速率和POC输出通量的层化结构时、空变异明显。
西太平洋表层水中总~(234)Th与~(238)U的活度比小于南大洋,~(234)Th清除、迁出速率以及POC输出通量均高于南大洋和溶解态~(234)Th停留时间短于南大洋,这可能是由于南大洋高营养低叶绿素的特征,生源颗粒物比较贫乏,而导致表层水中的~(234)Th无法快速清除、迁出造成的。
The transport and export process of marine particles now plays a key part in the study on marine carbon cycle, of which particulate carbon (POC) export flux, as a critical index to evaluate the efficiency of the biological pump, determines the biogeochemical cycle rate of marine particle-reactive elements and chemical constituents. Intensive research in the field is significant for understanding functions of marine ecosystem and predicting trends of global climate change.
~(234)Th specific activities were determined by Fe(OH)3 co-precipitation method with anαspectrum-βcounter device. Applying ~(234)Th-~(238)U disequilibrium to investigate the transport and export process of particles in the euphotic zone in the Prydz Bay of the Southern Ocean and South China Sea as well as ~(234)Th scavenging and removal process in the surface water of the world ocean promoted the understanding of the carbon cycle process in the South China sea, advanced our research on cycle and export process of the particles and biogenic elements in the Prydz Bay of the Southern Ocean and descriped an image of ~(234)Th scanveging and removal process The results are as follows:
The average value of POC export flux from the euphotic zone were 169.31 and 55.42 mmol C m-2 d-1 for the continental shelf and slope of the Prydz Bay in the Southern Ocean respectively. Moreover, the ThE ratio of the two regions were 0.61 and 0.25 on average, indicating that scavenging and removal process of particles in the shelf were more active than in the slope region. The biological pump ran actively in summer in the Prydz Bay, which may be a potential CO2 sink.
The average value of POC export flux from the euphotic zone were 15.98 and 10.40 mmol C m-2 d-1 for the northwest South China Sea and Nansha Islands sea area respectively. Moreover, the ThE ratio were 0.18 and 0.27 on average for the above-mentioned sea areas respectively. Obviously, POC export flux and the ThE ratio in the South China Sea which was a typical oligoltrophic region were lower than those in the continental shelf of the Prydz Bay with high productivity in summer.
There were stratified euphotic zone with temporal and spatial variations in the northwest South China Sea, Nansha Islands and continental slope of the Prydz Bay, accompanied by stratified scavenging and removal rates of ~(234)Th as well as POC export fluxes.
~(234)Th scavenging and removal rates as well as POC export fluxes in the surface water of the Southern Ocean were lower than those of the western Pacific Ocean, which might be due to lack of biogenic particles in the water of the Southern Ocean characterized by high nutrients and low chlorophyll resulting that ~(234)Th could not be scavenged and removed quickly from the surface water.
本文利用Fe(OH)3共沉淀-α能谱-β计数方法测定上层海洋~(234)Th的放射性比活度。将~(234)Th-~(238)U不平衡方法应用于南大洋普里兹湾和南海真光层中颗粒物运移、输出过程以及世界大洋表层水中的~(234)Th清除、迁出情况的研究,加深了对南海碳循环过程的认识,推进了我国在南大洋普里兹湾海域颗粒物与生源要素循环与输出方面的研究,描绘了世界大洋表层水中的颗粒物清除、迁出图像。主要结果如下:
普里兹湾陆架区和陆坡区各站位真光层POC输出通量分别为169.31和55.42 mmol C m-2 d-1,ThE比值为分别为0.61和0.25,表明陆架区颗粒物的清除、迁出过程要比陆坡区活跃,普里兹湾海域夏季具有较高的生物泵运转效率,可能是潜在的CO2汇区。
南海西北部海域真光层的POC输出通量平均为15.98 mmol C m-2 d-1,ThE比值平均为0.18;南沙群岛海域上层水体POC输出通量平均为10.40 mmol C m-2 d-1之间,ThE比值平均为0.27,表明寡营养的南海海域真光层POC输出通量和ThE比值均低于夏季高生产力的普里兹湾陆架海域。
南海西北部、南沙群岛以及普里兹湾陆坡海域各站位均具有明显的真光层双层层化结构,~(234)Th清除、迁出速率和POC输出通量的层化结构时、空变异明显。
西太平洋表层水中总~(234)Th与~(238)U的活度比小于南大洋,~(234)Th清除、迁出速率以及POC输出通量均高于南大洋和溶解态~(234)Th停留时间短于南大洋,这可能是由于南大洋高营养低叶绿素的特征,生源颗粒物比较贫乏,而导致表层水中的~(234)Th无法快速清除、迁出造成的。
The transport and export process of marine particles now plays a key part in the study on marine carbon cycle, of which particulate carbon (POC) export flux, as a critical index to evaluate the efficiency of the biological pump, determines the biogeochemical cycle rate of marine particle-reactive elements and chemical constituents. Intensive research in the field is significant for understanding functions of marine ecosystem and predicting trends of global climate change.
~(234)Th specific activities were determined by Fe(OH)3 co-precipitation method with anαspectrum-βcounter device. Applying ~(234)Th-~(238)U disequilibrium to investigate the transport and export process of particles in the euphotic zone in the Prydz Bay of the Southern Ocean and South China Sea as well as ~(234)Th scavenging and removal process in the surface water of the world ocean promoted the understanding of the carbon cycle process in the South China sea, advanced our research on cycle and export process of the particles and biogenic elements in the Prydz Bay of the Southern Ocean and descriped an image of ~(234)Th scanveging and removal process The results are as follows:
The average value of POC export flux from the euphotic zone were 169.31 and 55.42 mmol C m-2 d-1 for the continental shelf and slope of the Prydz Bay in the Southern Ocean respectively. Moreover, the ThE ratio of the two regions were 0.61 and 0.25 on average, indicating that scavenging and removal process of particles in the shelf were more active than in the slope region. The biological pump ran actively in summer in the Prydz Bay, which may be a potential CO2 sink.
The average value of POC export flux from the euphotic zone were 15.98 and 10.40 mmol C m-2 d-1 for the northwest South China Sea and Nansha Islands sea area respectively. Moreover, the ThE ratio were 0.18 and 0.27 on average for the above-mentioned sea areas respectively. Obviously, POC export flux and the ThE ratio in the South China Sea which was a typical oligoltrophic region were lower than those in the continental shelf of the Prydz Bay with high productivity in summer.
There were stratified euphotic zone with temporal and spatial variations in the northwest South China Sea, Nansha Islands and continental slope of the Prydz Bay, accompanied by stratified scavenging and removal rates of ~(234)Th as well as POC export fluxes.
~(234)Th scavenging and removal rates as well as POC export fluxes in the surface water of the Southern Ocean were lower than those of the western Pacific Ocean, which might be due to lack of biogenic particles in the water of the Southern Ocean characterized by high nutrients and low chlorophyll resulting that ~(234)Th could not be scavenged and removed quickly from the surface water.
引文
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