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业主方建设项目管理的核心职能研究
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摘要
业主是建设项目的发起者及项目建设的最终责任者,业主方的项目管理是建设项目管理的核心。作为建设项目的总组织者、总集成者,业主方的项目管理任务繁重、涉及面广且责任重大,其管理水平与管理效率直接影响建设项目的增值。本文针对业主方项目管理的目标与任务,以项目立项后的实施期为研究对象,通过业主方项目管理核心职能的识别,构建业主方的项目管理核心能力模型,并在此基础上分析各核心职能的内涵,旨在提高业主方项目管理的效率与效益,为业主方的项目管理实践提供理论支持。具体研究内容包括:
     (1)在价值链分析的基础上建立以项目交流管理为核心的业主方项目管理核心能力模型,提出业主方项目管理的核心职能包括项目实施策划、项目交流管理、项目控制管理及项目管理信息化;
     (2)通过分析项目实施策划的概念、内涵及重要性,指出我国现行建设程序中存在“断层”现象,提出引入实施策划予以完善的建议,并对实施策划的方法体系进行了探讨,研究了基于适应性项目框架(Adaptive Project Framework,APF)与极端项目管理方法(extreme Project Management,xPM)的两类实施策划方法;
     (3)在业主方项目交流管理对象、目标及特点分析的基础上,指出建设项目组织的临时性、跨组织性与动态性是影响项目交流的根源,并从项目管理组织及项目交流规划两方面探讨了业主方项目交流管理目标的实现途径,研究构建了有利于项目交流的网络化虚拟建设组织结构;
     (4)分析了业主方项目控制与其他参与方项目控制的区别,提出业主方的项目控制管理应包括业主对监理机构的管理、业主方对项目采购的管理及虚拟建设的流程整合管理,并对这三个方面的有关内容进行了探讨;
     (5)分析了业主方项目管理的信息需求及信息化需求,探讨了虚拟建设信息交流的原理,明确了虚拟建设跨组织信息系统(Interorganizational System,IOS)的意义,分析了业主方虚拟建设IOS的重要形式——项目信息门户(ProjectInformation Portal,PIP)的概念与内涵。
Owner is the sponsor and the ultimate responsibility organ of the construction project, their project management is the core of the construction project management. As the general organizer and integrator, the level and the efficiency of owner's management will effect the project's adding value directly. Aiming at the target and the mission of owner's execution period project management, the dissertation makes a study of the core responsibilities of owner's construction project management.
     (1) According to the value chain analyzing, the paper builds the core ability model of owner's construction project management, suggests that the owner's core responsibilities should include project implementation planning, project communication management, project control management and project management informatization.
     (2) By analyzing the implementation planning's concept and significance, the thesis points out the "faultiness" phenomenon in Chinese current construction procedure and suggests that should make it perfect. Than, investigates the method system of implementation planning, and researches into the method based on Adaptive Project Framework and extreme Project Management respectively.
     (3) With the background about the object, target and characteristic of the project communication management, it points out that the characteristics of temporary, inter-organizational and dynamic of the construction project organization have a great affect to project communication management, and the communication management should include project organization management and communication planning.
     (4) Based on the analysis of the difference of the owner's project control and the other participates', the study illustrates that the owner's project control management should compose of the management to owner's consultants, the project procurement management and the process integrates administration of virtual construction. Then, some problems of the every content are studied in succession.
     (5) By the analysis of the owner's project management information and informatization needs, the information exchange principle of virtual construction had been discussed, the meaning of the Interorganizational System (IOS) is defined clearly, and the concept of one of the important form of IOS-- Project Information Portal (PIP) is discussed.
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