两相厌氧-MBR处理化学制药废水实验及数学模型
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摘要
化学合成类制药废水属于高浓度难降解有机废水,采用常规的生物处理方法难以达标排放。通过分析化学合成类制药废水水质特点,采用两相厌氧-膜生物反应器这一工艺流程处理该种废水。
采用两相厌氧-膜生物反应器处理化学合成类制药废水,实验结果表明:两相厌氧-膜生物反应器处理该种制药废水在技术上是可行的,能够长期稳定运行。产酸相启动42天后平均COD去除率为32.4～51.6%,容积负荷可达到30.1～41.6kgCOD/(m~3·d)。液相末端发酵产物中以乙酸、丁酸、乙醇为主,丙酸、戊酸含量较少,呈混合酸发酵类型,挥发酸含量从3.7%提高到23.1%。产甲烷相启动20天后COD平均去除率为86.7%,平均容积负荷为4.5kgCOD/(m~3·d)。MBR出水COD小于80mg/L,可达到排放标准,日平均容积负荷在5.0～6.2kgCOD/(m~3·d)之间。MBR中污泥浓度高于传统活性污泥法,而且当污泥浓度大于7637mg/L时,COD去除率大于97.0%。
以国际水质污染与控制协会IAWQ推出的活性污泥数学模型(ASM1)和厌氧活性污泥数学模型(ADM1)为基础,建立了两相厌氧-膜生物反应器处理化学制药废水的数学模型,并对试验过程进行了模拟。模拟结果表明该模型可以模拟两相厌氧-膜生物反应器的运行情况。ADM1模型可以直接用于CSTR反应器的模拟,而UASB内部的流体流态比较复杂,经研究发现轴向离散模型和全混串联模型能够较好的反映UASB反应器内部的流体流动状态。ASM1能够有效的模拟膜生物反应器的运行情况,可以对膜生物反应器影响因素进行评价,优化膜生物反应器的运行和管理。
The chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater is a kind of high concentration organic wastewater, which pollutants was difficult to degrade. Using conventional the biological treatment method is difficult to reach the wastewater discharge standard.By analyzing the characteristics of chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater, we put forward a scheme to treat the produced wastewater, through the technological process of two phase anaerobic-membrane bioreactor.
Using two phase anaerobic-membrane bioreactor treating chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater, the result shows that two anaerobic-membrane bioreactor treat this kind of drugs manufacture wastewater is feasible. Acidogenic-phase start-up in 42d. average removal rates of COD is 32.4～51.6%, while the volume loading rate in CSTR is ranging from 30.1 to 41.6 kgCOD/(m~3·d), most of the fermented products in the end of this process are acetic acid, butyric acid and ethanol, propionic acid and valeric acid content are few, it is mixed acids-type fermentation. The average content of effluent volatile fatty acids (VFA) of acidogenic-phase is 23.1%, and the biodegradability of the wastewater has been improved greatly. Methanogenic-phase start-up in 20d, average removal rates of COD is 86.7%, the volume loading rate is 4.5 kgCOD/(m~3·d). The effluent COD of MBR is less than 80 mg/L. the volume loading rate is ranging from 5.0 to 6.2kgCOD/(m~3·d). In MBR the sludge density is higher than the traditional active sludge reactor, the sludge density is higher than 7637mg/L, COD removal rate is higher than 97.0%.
Based on ADM1 and ASM1, established a mathematical model of two phase anaerobic-membrane bioreactor treating chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater. The model was able to reflect the trends that were observed in the experimental data, basely. ADM 1 used a hypothesis of ideal mixing. For acidogenic-phase, the reactor continuous stirred tank reactor was considered to be completely mixed. for methanogenic-phase,which internal fluid state is complex, so using the axial direction discrete model and mixed series connection model to simulate the flow model.ASM1 is able to reflect the trends of membrane bioreactor operation, and may carry on the appraisal to the membrane bioreactor influencing factor, can optimize the operation and the management of membrane bioreactor.
采用两相厌氧-膜生物反应器处理化学合成类制药废水,实验结果表明:两相厌氧-膜生物反应器处理该种制药废水在技术上是可行的,能够长期稳定运行。产酸相启动42天后平均COD去除率为32.4～51.6%,容积负荷可达到30.1～41.6kgCOD/(m~3·d)。液相末端发酵产物中以乙酸、丁酸、乙醇为主,丙酸、戊酸含量较少,呈混合酸发酵类型,挥发酸含量从3.7%提高到23.1%。产甲烷相启动20天后COD平均去除率为86.7%,平均容积负荷为4.5kgCOD/(m~3·d)。MBR出水COD小于80mg/L,可达到排放标准,日平均容积负荷在5.0～6.2kgCOD/(m~3·d)之间。MBR中污泥浓度高于传统活性污泥法,而且当污泥浓度大于7637mg/L时,COD去除率大于97.0%。
以国际水质污染与控制协会IAWQ推出的活性污泥数学模型(ASM1)和厌氧活性污泥数学模型(ADM1)为基础,建立了两相厌氧-膜生物反应器处理化学制药废水的数学模型,并对试验过程进行了模拟。模拟结果表明该模型可以模拟两相厌氧-膜生物反应器的运行情况。ADM1模型可以直接用于CSTR反应器的模拟,而UASB内部的流体流态比较复杂,经研究发现轴向离散模型和全混串联模型能够较好的反映UASB反应器内部的流体流动状态。ASM1能够有效的模拟膜生物反应器的运行情况,可以对膜生物反应器影响因素进行评价,优化膜生物反应器的运行和管理。
The chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater is a kind of high concentration organic wastewater, which pollutants was difficult to degrade. Using conventional the biological treatment method is difficult to reach the wastewater discharge standard.By analyzing the characteristics of chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater, we put forward a scheme to treat the produced wastewater, through the technological process of two phase anaerobic-membrane bioreactor.
Using two phase anaerobic-membrane bioreactor treating chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater, the result shows that two anaerobic-membrane bioreactor treat this kind of drugs manufacture wastewater is feasible. Acidogenic-phase start-up in 42d. average removal rates of COD is 32.4～51.6%, while the volume loading rate in CSTR is ranging from 30.1 to 41.6 kgCOD/(m~3·d), most of the fermented products in the end of this process are acetic acid, butyric acid and ethanol, propionic acid and valeric acid content are few, it is mixed acids-type fermentation. The average content of effluent volatile fatty acids (VFA) of acidogenic-phase is 23.1%, and the biodegradability of the wastewater has been improved greatly. Methanogenic-phase start-up in 20d, average removal rates of COD is 86.7%, the volume loading rate is 4.5 kgCOD/(m~3·d). The effluent COD of MBR is less than 80 mg/L. the volume loading rate is ranging from 5.0 to 6.2kgCOD/(m~3·d). In MBR the sludge density is higher than the traditional active sludge reactor, the sludge density is higher than 7637mg/L, COD removal rate is higher than 97.0%.
Based on ADM1 and ASM1, established a mathematical model of two phase anaerobic-membrane bioreactor treating chemical synthetic pharmacy wastewater. The model was able to reflect the trends that were observed in the experimental data, basely. ADM 1 used a hypothesis of ideal mixing. For acidogenic-phase, the reactor continuous stirred tank reactor was considered to be completely mixed. for methanogenic-phase,which internal fluid state is complex, so using the axial direction discrete model and mixed series connection model to simulate the flow model.ASM1 is able to reflect the trends of membrane bioreactor operation, and may carry on the appraisal to the membrane bioreactor influencing factor, can optimize the operation and the management of membrane bioreactor.
引文
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[2]马毅,孙斌,吴桂峰.强制电化学还原技术处理制药废水的研究.科技信息.2007,23:45-46页
[3]杨雪,胡开林,毕丽萍.SBR工艺在处理制药废水中的运用.环境科学与管理.2007.32(1):100-102页
[4]B G Yeoh.Two phase anaerobic treatment of ane-mo-lasses alcohol stil-lage.Anaerobic Digestion,1997,2:208-215P
[5]Yang Keunyoung,Yu Youngseob,Hwang Seokhwan.Selective optimization in thermophilic acidogenesis ofcheese-whey wastewater to acetic and butyric acids:partial acidification and methanation.Water Research,2003,37:2467-2477P
[6]Liu Tuanchi.Anaerobic digestion of solid substrates in an innovative two-phase plug-flow reactor(tppfr) and a conventional single-phase continuously stirred-tank reactor.Water Research,1998,38:453-461P
[7]YongJin Park,Feng Hong,JiHoon Cheon,et al.Comparison of thermophilic anaerobic digestion characteristics between single-phase and two-phase systems for kitchen garbage treatment.Bioscience And Bioengineering,2008,105:48-54P
[8]Sz.G(o|¨)bl(o|¨)s,P.Port(o|¨)r(?),D.Bordás.Comparison of the effectivities of two-phase and single-phase anaerobicsequencing batch reactors during dairy wastewater treatment.Renewable Energy,2008.33:960-965P
[9]刘琳.合成制药废水处理的设计与实践.工程设计与建设.2004,36(4):38-42页
[10]楼菊青.制药废水处理进展综述.重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版).2006, 8(4):13-20页
[11]于龙,赵雅芝,章健.MBBR处理制药废水的试验研究.环境科学与技术.2007,30(1):66-67页
[12]吴郭虎,李鹏.王曙光,等.混凝法处理制药废水的研究.水处理技术.2000.26(1):53-55页
[13]潘志强.土霉素、麦迪霉素废水的化学气浮处理.工业水处理.1991,11(1):24-26页
[14]陈志强,吕炳南,孙哲,等.低压蒸馏法处理高浓度中药废水的研究.哈尔滨建筑大学学报.1999,32(6):16-18页
[15]王玉坷.抗生素制药废水的炉渣处理.环境保护.1993,8:15-16页
[16]王淑琴,李十中.反渗透法处理土霉素结晶母液的研究.城市环境与城市生态.1999,12(1):25-27页
[17]王才,韩超,袁琳.等.制药废水生化处理试验研究.给水排水.1999,25(3):41-43页
[18]许玫英.曾国驱.蔡小伟,等.生物膜法和SBR法相结合处理难降解制药废水的研究.微生物学通报.2002,29(3):45-49页
[19]丁恒如.给水处理中除有机物研究的现状.水处理技术.1995,21(5):282-287页
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