中国黄海、南海和青岛近海表面海水二氧化碳体系的多层研究
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摘要
海洋是全球碳循环至关重要的纽带,它在大陆岩石圈、海底沉积物圈、生物圈和大气圈之间碳的交换、流动过程中占主导地位。研究二氧化碳在海洋中的转移和归宿,即海洋吸收、转移大气二氧化碳的能力以及二氧化碳在海洋中的循环机制等已经成为当今国际海洋科学诸多研究计划,如JGOFS、LOICZ、IGBP等特别是SOLAS研究的重要内容。
海水微表层(Sea Surface Microlayer, SML)是介于海洋和大气之间的一个薄层,是海-气界面间物质交换的必由之路。它有着特殊的物理-化学-生物性质,对海洋生物地球化学循环、物质的海-气界面通量、乃至气候等等都有着直接而重要的影响。但是,到目前为止,尚未见到有关海水微表层二氧化碳体系的系统研究。因此本文首次将“海洋微表层”引入中国陆架边缘海域海-气界面二氧化碳循环的研究之中,同时将重点放在表面海水二氧化碳体系DIC、Alk、pH和pCO2四个参量的多层(包括海水微表层SML、海水次表层SSL和海水表层SL)研究上,试图通过对表面海水(特别是微表层)的研究,探寻海-气界面之间碳循环的基本规律及海水微表层在其中所发挥的作用,并希望基于以上研究所得的结果,在海洋和大气之间建立一个全球碳循环的新模型。
本文主要进行了以下几方面的工作:(1)首次将“海水微表层(SML)”的概念引入到海-气界面二氧化碳循环的研究中,并对中国黄海、南海和青岛近海表面海水二氧化碳体系中DIC、Alk、pH、pCO2四个参量的多层分布规律作了系统的研究;(2)首次提出了海洋碳循环过程中的“海水微表层(SML)泵”的概念,建立了“SML泵”的模型和及其“三个推论”;(3)首次将“海水微表层(SML)泵”应用于判断海水是大气二氧化碳的“源”或“汇”以及计算海-气界面二氧化碳通量。
本文的主要研究结果如下:
The ocean is a very important connection in global carbon cycles, which plays a leading role in carbon exchange and transfer between the lithosphere, seabed sediment, biosphere and atmosphere. Nowadays, the study on the transfer and end-result of carbon dioxide including the ocean’s ability in absorbing and transferring the atmospheric carbon dioxide, the cycle mechanism of carbon dioxide in oceans et al. has been an important content in many international marine scientific research plans, such as JGOFS, LOICZ and IGBP, especially in the Surface Ocean and Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS).
The sea surface microlayer (SML) is a thin layer situated between the sea and atmosphere, which is the inevitable way of material exchange in the sea-air interface. Because of its unique physical, chemical and biological properties, the SML have an important and direct effect on biogeochemical cycles in ocean, material fluxes in sea-air interface and global climates. But systematical multilayer studies on carbon dioxide system of the“SML - SSL - SL”in the surface waters are scarcely reported by now. In this article the SML is introduced to the carbon dioxide cycle in sea-air interface of the marginal sea in China for the first time. In addition, the key study is put upon the carbon dioxide system including DIC, Alk, pH and pCO2 in SML, SSL, SL of the sea surface waters to look for the principal regularity of carbon cycle in the sea-air interface and the role of SML. On the basis of the experimental results obtained from the sea research, a new model of global carbon cycle is hoped to set up finally.
This work includes: (1) The SML is introduced to the carbon dioxide cycle in sea-air interface of the marginal sea in China for the first time. In addition,
海水微表层(Sea Surface Microlayer, SML)是介于海洋和大气之间的一个薄层,是海-气界面间物质交换的必由之路。它有着特殊的物理-化学-生物性质,对海洋生物地球化学循环、物质的海-气界面通量、乃至气候等等都有着直接而重要的影响。但是,到目前为止,尚未见到有关海水微表层二氧化碳体系的系统研究。因此本文首次将“海洋微表层”引入中国陆架边缘海域海-气界面二氧化碳循环的研究之中,同时将重点放在表面海水二氧化碳体系DIC、Alk、pH和pCO2四个参量的多层(包括海水微表层SML、海水次表层SSL和海水表层SL)研究上,试图通过对表面海水(特别是微表层)的研究,探寻海-气界面之间碳循环的基本规律及海水微表层在其中所发挥的作用,并希望基于以上研究所得的结果,在海洋和大气之间建立一个全球碳循环的新模型。
本文主要进行了以下几方面的工作:(1)首次将“海水微表层(SML)”的概念引入到海-气界面二氧化碳循环的研究中,并对中国黄海、南海和青岛近海表面海水二氧化碳体系中DIC、Alk、pH、pCO2四个参量的多层分布规律作了系统的研究;(2)首次提出了海洋碳循环过程中的“海水微表层(SML)泵”的概念,建立了“SML泵”的模型和及其“三个推论”;(3)首次将“海水微表层(SML)泵”应用于判断海水是大气二氧化碳的“源”或“汇”以及计算海-气界面二氧化碳通量。
本文的主要研究结果如下:
The ocean is a very important connection in global carbon cycles, which plays a leading role in carbon exchange and transfer between the lithosphere, seabed sediment, biosphere and atmosphere. Nowadays, the study on the transfer and end-result of carbon dioxide including the ocean’s ability in absorbing and transferring the atmospheric carbon dioxide, the cycle mechanism of carbon dioxide in oceans et al. has been an important content in many international marine scientific research plans, such as JGOFS, LOICZ and IGBP, especially in the Surface Ocean and Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS).
The sea surface microlayer (SML) is a thin layer situated between the sea and atmosphere, which is the inevitable way of material exchange in the sea-air interface. Because of its unique physical, chemical and biological properties, the SML have an important and direct effect on biogeochemical cycles in ocean, material fluxes in sea-air interface and global climates. But systematical multilayer studies on carbon dioxide system of the“SML - SSL - SL”in the surface waters are scarcely reported by now. In this article the SML is introduced to the carbon dioxide cycle in sea-air interface of the marginal sea in China for the first time. In addition, the key study is put upon the carbon dioxide system including DIC, Alk, pH and pCO2 in SML, SSL, SL of the sea surface waters to look for the principal regularity of carbon cycle in the sea-air interface and the role of SML. On the basis of the experimental results obtained from the sea research, a new model of global carbon cycle is hoped to set up finally.
This work includes: (1) The SML is introduced to the carbon dioxide cycle in sea-air interface of the marginal sea in China for the first time. In addition,
引文
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