鄂尔多斯盆地胡尖山油田长4+5油层组石油富集规律
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摘要
本文在前人研究成果和已有勘探资料的基础上,综合运用沉积学、构造地质学、测井地质学、储层地质学、石油地质学等最新理论和方法,系统分析了鄂尔多斯盆地胡尖山油田长4+5油层组的沉积相、储层特征和石油富集规律。
胡尖山油田位于陕北斜坡带中部,长4+5油层组为其主力产油层之一。根据岩性、电性、沉积韵律及区域标志层的分布,研究区长4+5油层组可划分为长4+51、长4+522个油层,长4+52油层进一步划分为长4+521、长4+5222个小层。在精细地层对比的基础上,研究了各个小层的顶面构造,结果表明,各小层顶面构造与区域构造基本一致,表现为向西倾斜的单斜构造,局部发育多个鼻状隆起。
根据岩石类型及其组合、沉积韵律、砂岩的粒度分布、原生沉积构造、古生物化石、砂体形态等沉积相标志,结合区域沉积背景和测井曲线特征,探讨了研究区长4+5油层组的沉积相类型、微相划分和主要沉积微相的特征。认为胡尖山油田长4+5油层组为一套湖泊三角洲沉积。其中长4+51属三角洲平原亚相沉积,主要发育分流河道、分流间洼地、堤泛沉积等微相类型。长4+521、长4+522小层属三角洲前缘亚相沉积,发育水下分流河道、水下分流间湾、河口坝、前缘席状砂等微相类型。
岩心观察及大量的室内分析化验资料表明,研究区长4+5油层组储层砂岩主要为长石细砂岩、岩屑长石细砂岩；储层物性总体上具低孔低渗的特点,局部发育相对高孔高渗带;孔隙类型主要为粒间孔、粒间溶孔,孔隙结构类型主要为小孔微细喉道,其次为中孔微细喉道型；依据储层物性、微观孔隙结构等评价参数,研究区长4+5储层可分为Ⅰ类(好)储层、Ⅱ类(中等)储层、Ⅲ类(差)储层、Ⅳ类(极差)储层四种类型,以Ⅲ类储层为主。
研究表明,研究区长4+5油层组的石油富集主要受沉积相、储层物性的控制,油藏类型为典型的岩性油藏,油藏主要分布于砂体厚度大、储层物性相对较好的主河道部位。
On the basis of the former research achievements and acquired information, with the new theories and methods, including sedimentology, structure geology, logging geology, reservoir geology, petroleum geology, this article systematically analyzed the sedimentary facies, reservoir characteristics and petroleum accumulation rules of the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation in Hujianshan oilfield, Ordos basin.
Hujianshan oilfield is located in the center of the Shanbei slope. The Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation is the major oil-produce layer. According to the lithologic features, electrical property, sedimentary rhythm, and the distribution of regional marked beds, the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation can be divided into two oil layers, i.e. Chang 4+51 and Chang 4+52. The Chang 4+52 oil layer can be further divided into Chang 4+521and Chang 4+522 sublayers. Based on the results of fine stratigraphic correlation, the top structures of each oil layer were analyzed. The results show that each oil layer has the resemble structure property which is similar to the regional structure. They all display the feature of monocline, with some nose-shaped uplifts.
According to a series of facies symbols, including rock types and their association, sedimentary rhythm, grainsize distribution of sandstone, primary sedimentary structures, fossils and sandbody shape, combined with regional depositional background and logging curve, the author discussed the types of sedimentary facies, microfacies and their characteristics of the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation in the studied area. It is considered that the formation in Hujianshan oilfield is a set of lacustrine delta deposition, in which the Chang 4+51 belongs to delta plain subfacies including distributary channel, inter-channel depression, levee and crevasse-splay microfacies. The Chang 4+521and Chang 4+522 sublayers belong to prodelta subfacies developing subaqueous distributary channel, interdistributary bay, channel-mouth bar and sheet sand microfacies.
Based on core observation and a lot of samples analysis datum, the reservoir sandstone of the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation are mainly fine arkose and lithic arkose. Generally, the reservoir's physical properties are low porosity and low permeability with some relative high porosity and high permeability area. The types of pore are mainly intergranular pore and intergranular dissolution pore. The types of pore structure are mainly fine pore-mini throat, medium pore-mini throat. The Chang 4+5 oil-layer reservoir can be divided in to 4 types, i.e. typeⅠ(good), typeⅡ(fair), typeⅢ(poor), typeⅣ(very poor), according to evalation parameters such as physical properties, pore structure etc. Among which the type III reservoir is the most common.
The research result shows that the petroleum accumulation of the Chang 4+5 oil layer is mainly controlled by sedimentary facies and the reservoir's physical properties. The reservoirs are typical lithologic reservoirs which mainly developed in main stream with thicker sandbody and relative good physical properites.
胡尖山油田位于陕北斜坡带中部,长4+5油层组为其主力产油层之一。根据岩性、电性、沉积韵律及区域标志层的分布,研究区长4+5油层组可划分为长4+51、长4+522个油层,长4+52油层进一步划分为长4+521、长4+5222个小层。在精细地层对比的基础上,研究了各个小层的顶面构造,结果表明,各小层顶面构造与区域构造基本一致,表现为向西倾斜的单斜构造,局部发育多个鼻状隆起。
根据岩石类型及其组合、沉积韵律、砂岩的粒度分布、原生沉积构造、古生物化石、砂体形态等沉积相标志,结合区域沉积背景和测井曲线特征,探讨了研究区长4+5油层组的沉积相类型、微相划分和主要沉积微相的特征。认为胡尖山油田长4+5油层组为一套湖泊三角洲沉积。其中长4+51属三角洲平原亚相沉积,主要发育分流河道、分流间洼地、堤泛沉积等微相类型。长4+521、长4+522小层属三角洲前缘亚相沉积,发育水下分流河道、水下分流间湾、河口坝、前缘席状砂等微相类型。
岩心观察及大量的室内分析化验资料表明,研究区长4+5油层组储层砂岩主要为长石细砂岩、岩屑长石细砂岩；储层物性总体上具低孔低渗的特点,局部发育相对高孔高渗带;孔隙类型主要为粒间孔、粒间溶孔,孔隙结构类型主要为小孔微细喉道,其次为中孔微细喉道型；依据储层物性、微观孔隙结构等评价参数,研究区长4+5储层可分为Ⅰ类(好)储层、Ⅱ类(中等)储层、Ⅲ类(差)储层、Ⅳ类(极差)储层四种类型,以Ⅲ类储层为主。
研究表明,研究区长4+5油层组的石油富集主要受沉积相、储层物性的控制,油藏类型为典型的岩性油藏,油藏主要分布于砂体厚度大、储层物性相对较好的主河道部位。
On the basis of the former research achievements and acquired information, with the new theories and methods, including sedimentology, structure geology, logging geology, reservoir geology, petroleum geology, this article systematically analyzed the sedimentary facies, reservoir characteristics and petroleum accumulation rules of the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation in Hujianshan oilfield, Ordos basin.
Hujianshan oilfield is located in the center of the Shanbei slope. The Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation is the major oil-produce layer. According to the lithologic features, electrical property, sedimentary rhythm, and the distribution of regional marked beds, the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation can be divided into two oil layers, i.e. Chang 4+51 and Chang 4+52. The Chang 4+52 oil layer can be further divided into Chang 4+521and Chang 4+522 sublayers. Based on the results of fine stratigraphic correlation, the top structures of each oil layer were analyzed. The results show that each oil layer has the resemble structure property which is similar to the regional structure. They all display the feature of monocline, with some nose-shaped uplifts.
According to a series of facies symbols, including rock types and their association, sedimentary rhythm, grainsize distribution of sandstone, primary sedimentary structures, fossils and sandbody shape, combined with regional depositional background and logging curve, the author discussed the types of sedimentary facies, microfacies and their characteristics of the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation in the studied area. It is considered that the formation in Hujianshan oilfield is a set of lacustrine delta deposition, in which the Chang 4+51 belongs to delta plain subfacies including distributary channel, inter-channel depression, levee and crevasse-splay microfacies. The Chang 4+521and Chang 4+522 sublayers belong to prodelta subfacies developing subaqueous distributary channel, interdistributary bay, channel-mouth bar and sheet sand microfacies.
Based on core observation and a lot of samples analysis datum, the reservoir sandstone of the Chang 4+5 oil-bearing formation are mainly fine arkose and lithic arkose. Generally, the reservoir's physical properties are low porosity and low permeability with some relative high porosity and high permeability area. The types of pore are mainly intergranular pore and intergranular dissolution pore. The types of pore structure are mainly fine pore-mini throat, medium pore-mini throat. The Chang 4+5 oil-layer reservoir can be divided in to 4 types, i.e. typeⅠ(good), typeⅡ(fair), typeⅢ(poor), typeⅣ(very poor), according to evalation parameters such as physical properties, pore structure etc. Among which the type III reservoir is the most common.
The research result shows that the petroleum accumulation of the Chang 4+5 oil layer is mainly controlled by sedimentary facies and the reservoir's physical properties. The reservoirs are typical lithologic reservoirs which mainly developed in main stream with thicker sandbody and relative good physical properites.
引文
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