延长南部本溪组储层特征及其与天然气富集关系
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摘要
本溪组是延长南部天然气重要产层之一,对其储层特征及其与天然气富集关系的研究对本区以及盆地天然气下一步勘探具有重要意义。本文在前人研究的基础上,以沉积学、储层地质学、天然气地质学、油气成藏地质学、测井地质学等理论为指导,收集利用了本区54口井的地质录井、测井资料以及所有的物性分析、岩石薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、压汞、试气等资料,在对本溪组沉积特征、成岩作用、储层物性、微观孔隙结构、非均质性等方面研究的基础上,进行了储层综合分类,分析了储层优劣的控制因素,对储层特征与天然气富集关系进行了探讨。
本区本溪组地层属陆源碎屑海岸沉积体系的障壁岛—潮坪沉积,储层主要为障壁岛石英砂岩。压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用对孔隙发育起着破坏性作用,溶蚀作用则起着使孔隙增大的作用。主要属于低—特低孔,低—特低渗储层,孔隙类型有粒间孔、粒内溶蚀孔、晶间孔和胶结物溶蚀孔等。储层孔隙度、渗透率存在正相关关系,渗透率的变化在一定程度上受孔隙发育的影响控制。储层物性无论是在垂向上还是平面上变化差异性都较大,储层非均质性强。分析认为储层沉积厚度是气藏富集的主控因素,其在很大程度上决定了物性好坏和气藏产能大小,本溪组天然气下一步勘探应以寻找大中型障壁岛为主要目标。
Benxi formation is an important gas reservoir in the south of YanChang.Research on the relationship between reservoir characteristics and gas enrichmenthas great significance for the future exploration.
Based on the research and study of predecessors, used sedimentology,reservoir geology, natural gas geology, petroleum entrapment geology and logging geology as the instruction. Collection of 54 wells using geological logging, logging data, core analysis, analyzing thin section, scanning electron microscopy, mercury and other information,to study the sedimentary characteristics, diagenesis, reservoir physical property, microscopic pore structure, heterogeneity and other aspects comprehensive of Benxi formation, and classification of reservoir. Futher more, controls of reservoir is analyzed. And investigate the relationship of reservoir characteristics and gas enrichment.
Benxi formation belongs to barrier island-tidal flat sedimentology system of terrigenous clasts coast. Reservoir sedimentary facies is mainly barrier island sedimentary. Reservoir lithology is mainly quartz sandstone. Mechanical-chemical compaction, cementation play disruptive effects on porosities development, dissolution plays a constructive role on it. Reservoir is low-super low porosity and low-low permeability.There are interparticle hole, outer hole and dissolution hole.The relationship of porosity and permeability is positive,which indicates that porosity development control the permeability. Reservoir property and heterogeneity indicate strong difference in vertical and plane, because of tectonic movement and diagenesis environment. The research above suggest that the factors control reservoir are sedimentary facies, diagenesis and tectonics. Therefore, the thickness of reservoir sedimentation has great determines on the physical properties and gas reservoir capacity, the future exploration mainly towards big barrier islands.
本区本溪组地层属陆源碎屑海岸沉积体系的障壁岛—潮坪沉积,储层主要为障壁岛石英砂岩。压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用对孔隙发育起着破坏性作用,溶蚀作用则起着使孔隙增大的作用。主要属于低—特低孔,低—特低渗储层,孔隙类型有粒间孔、粒内溶蚀孔、晶间孔和胶结物溶蚀孔等。储层孔隙度、渗透率存在正相关关系,渗透率的变化在一定程度上受孔隙发育的影响控制。储层物性无论是在垂向上还是平面上变化差异性都较大,储层非均质性强。分析认为储层沉积厚度是气藏富集的主控因素,其在很大程度上决定了物性好坏和气藏产能大小,本溪组天然气下一步勘探应以寻找大中型障壁岛为主要目标。
Benxi formation is an important gas reservoir in the south of YanChang.Research on the relationship between reservoir characteristics and gas enrichmenthas great significance for the future exploration.
Based on the research and study of predecessors, used sedimentology,reservoir geology, natural gas geology, petroleum entrapment geology and logging geology as the instruction. Collection of 54 wells using geological logging, logging data, core analysis, analyzing thin section, scanning electron microscopy, mercury and other information,to study the sedimentary characteristics, diagenesis, reservoir physical property, microscopic pore structure, heterogeneity and other aspects comprehensive of Benxi formation, and classification of reservoir. Futher more, controls of reservoir is analyzed. And investigate the relationship of reservoir characteristics and gas enrichment.
Benxi formation belongs to barrier island-tidal flat sedimentology system of terrigenous clasts coast. Reservoir sedimentary facies is mainly barrier island sedimentary. Reservoir lithology is mainly quartz sandstone. Mechanical-chemical compaction, cementation play disruptive effects on porosities development, dissolution plays a constructive role on it. Reservoir is low-super low porosity and low-low permeability.There are interparticle hole, outer hole and dissolution hole.The relationship of porosity and permeability is positive,which indicates that porosity development control the permeability. Reservoir property and heterogeneity indicate strong difference in vertical and plane, because of tectonic movement and diagenesis environment. The research above suggest that the factors control reservoir are sedimentary facies, diagenesis and tectonics. Therefore, the thickness of reservoir sedimentation has great determines on the physical properties and gas reservoir capacity, the future exploration mainly towards big barrier islands.
引文
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[4]王允诚 孔金祥 李海平 等编著.气藏地质[M].石油工业出版社,2004.
[5]刘孟慧,赵澄林.油气储层研究进展与展望[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1991.
[6]王鸿祯主编.中国古地理图集[M].北京地图出版社,1985.
[7]杨俊杰.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京：石油工业出版社,2002.
[8]金玉歼等.二叠纪地层研究述评[J].地层学杂志,2000,24(2)：99～101.
[9]陈世悦.论秦岭碰撞造山作用对华北石炭二叠纪海侵过程的控制团[J].岩相古地理,1998,18(2)：48～53.
[10]陈洪德,侯中健,田景春等.鄂尔多斯地区晚古生代沉积层序地层学与盆地构造演化研究[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(3)：16-22.
[11]于兴河编著.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].石油工业出版社,2008.
[12]裘亦楠.碎屑岩储层沉积基础[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1987.
[13]Gaollwya等(著),顾晓忠等(译).陆源碎屑沉积体系[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1989.
[14]陈洪德等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田北去石炭系—下二叠统沉积体系及储集体展布规律研究[J].成都理工学院,1991.
[15]汪啸风,陈孝宏.中国各地质时代地层划分与对比[M].北京：地质出版社,2005.
[16]范国清.关于华北早、中石炭世的海侵方向[J].科学通报,1991.
[17]侯中健,陈洪德.鄂尔多斯地区晚古生代陆相沉积层序地层学研究[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(3)：114-123.
[18]郭英海,刘焕杰.陕甘宁地区晚古生代沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2000,2(1)：19-30.
[19]马强.鄂尔多斯盆地延长油区上古生界物源及沉积相研究[D].西北大学硕士论文,2009.
[20]陈全红.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界沉积体系及油气富集规律研究田[D].西北大学博士论文,2007.
[21]魏红红,彭惠群,李静群等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部石炭系—二叠系沉积相带与砂体展布[J].沉积学报,1999,17(3)：403～406.
[22]李萍,孙和平等.运用粒度资料分析沉积环境的探讨[J].石油与天然气,1987(3).
[23]何义中等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部石炭二叠系两类三角洲沉积机理探讨[J].,石油与天然气地质,2001,226(1)：68-71.
[24]刘宝珺,张锦泉主编.沉积成岩作用[M].科学出版社,1992.
[25]朱国华,裘择楠.成岩作用对砂岩储层孔隙结构的影响[J].沉积学报,1988.01.
[26]应凤祥.碎屑岩成岩作用阶段划分规范[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1993.
[27]刘小洪.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界砂岩储层成岩作用研究与孔隙演化分析[D].西北大学博士论 文.
[28]傅强.成岩作用对储层孔隙的影响[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3)：92-97.
[29]宋蓓蓓.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘上古生界储层岩石学特征及成岩作用研究[J].中国地质大学硕士论文,2007.
[30]刘林玉,陈刚.碎屑岩储层次生孔隙发育的影响因素分析[J].沉积学报,1998,16(2)：97-101.
[31]刘锐娥.鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界碎屑岩储层形成机理及主控因素研究[D].西北大学博士论文,2004.
[32]赵重远.论含油气盆地的整体动态综合分析[J].西北大学出版社,1993.
[33]王瑞飞,陈明强,孙卫等.特低渗透砂岩储层微观孔隙结构分类评价[J].地球学报,2008,29(2)：21-26.
[34]Schlumberger Log Interpretation Charts. SugarLand[J]. Texas Schlumberger 2000:11-67
[35]刘延梅.中深层天然气储层“四性”关系研究及解释标准建立[D].中国石油大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[36]罗景美.天然气储层非电法测井的识别和定量解释[D].青岛海洋大学,2000.
[37]Hugo Avalos T., Victor Manuel Alvarez M., SHALLOW RESERVOIRSAND THE"GAS-EFFECT", TINTA 3 WELL, ANOLIGOCENE ANDEOCENE CASE IN BURGOS BASIN[J], MEXICO, SPWLA 47 AnnualLogging Symposium, June 4-7,2006
[38]Richard Merkel. INTEGRATED PETROPHYSICAL MODELS IN TIGHT GAS SANDS[J]SPWLA 47th Annual Logging Symposium, June 4-7,2006
[39]冯庆付.泥质砂岩深层天然气测井资料解释方法研究及应用[D].大庆石油学院,2004.
[40]文政,赖强.利用测井资料求取储层孔隙结构特征参数[J].石油天然气学报,2006；28(4)：78-81.
[41]邓礼正,鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界储层物性影响因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003,30(3)：270-272.
[42]楚泽涵,谢京.用测井方法估算渗透率的评述[J].石油勘探开发,1994；21(1)：46-52.
[43]Andre Picarelli, Bruce Holder, Jorge Arguello. High-resolution Sequence Stratigraphy and Reservoir haracterization Applied toMature Fields:Example from Eastern Venezuela Basin. SPE 69602.
[44]雍世和,洪有密.测井资料综合解释与数字处理[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1982；23-125.
[45]付金华.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气成藏条件及富集规律[D].西北大学博士论文,2004.
[46]Peng Suping and Romeo M. Flores. Modern Pearl River Delta and Permian Huainan coalfield, China:a comparative sedimentary facies study.Org. Geochem.1996,24(2):159～179.
[47]AlsharhanAS, SeottRW. Middle East models of Jurassie Cretae eousearbonate systems[M].SEPM Speeial Publieation,2001.
[2]何自新.鄂尔多斯盆地演化与油气[M].北京：石油工业出版社,2003.
[3]王允诚编著.油气储层评价[M].石油工业出版社,1999.
[4]王允诚 孔金祥 李海平 等编著.气藏地质[M].石油工业出版社,2004.
[5]刘孟慧,赵澄林.油气储层研究进展与展望[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1991.
[6]王鸿祯主编.中国古地理图集[M].北京地图出版社,1985.
[7]杨俊杰.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京：石油工业出版社,2002.
[8]金玉歼等.二叠纪地层研究述评[J].地层学杂志,2000,24(2)：99～101.
[9]陈世悦.论秦岭碰撞造山作用对华北石炭二叠纪海侵过程的控制团[J].岩相古地理,1998,18(2)：48～53.
[10]陈洪德,侯中健,田景春等.鄂尔多斯地区晚古生代沉积层序地层学与盆地构造演化研究[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(3)：16-22.
[11]于兴河编著.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].石油工业出版社,2008.
[12]裘亦楠.碎屑岩储层沉积基础[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1987.
[13]Gaollwya等(著),顾晓忠等(译).陆源碎屑沉积体系[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1989.
[14]陈洪德等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田北去石炭系—下二叠统沉积体系及储集体展布规律研究[J].成都理工学院,1991.
[15]汪啸风,陈孝宏.中国各地质时代地层划分与对比[M].北京：地质出版社,2005.
[16]范国清.关于华北早、中石炭世的海侵方向[J].科学通报,1991.
[17]侯中健,陈洪德.鄂尔多斯地区晚古生代陆相沉积层序地层学研究[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(3)：114-123.
[18]郭英海,刘焕杰.陕甘宁地区晚古生代沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2000,2(1)：19-30.
[19]马强.鄂尔多斯盆地延长油区上古生界物源及沉积相研究[D].西北大学硕士论文,2009.
[20]陈全红.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界沉积体系及油气富集规律研究田[D].西北大学博士论文,2007.
[21]魏红红,彭惠群,李静群等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部石炭系—二叠系沉积相带与砂体展布[J].沉积学报,1999,17(3)：403～406.
[22]李萍,孙和平等.运用粒度资料分析沉积环境的探讨[J].石油与天然气,1987(3).
[23]何义中等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部石炭二叠系两类三角洲沉积机理探讨[J].,石油与天然气地质,2001,226(1)：68-71.
[24]刘宝珺,张锦泉主编.沉积成岩作用[M].科学出版社,1992.
[25]朱国华,裘择楠.成岩作用对砂岩储层孔隙结构的影响[J].沉积学报,1988.01.
[26]应凤祥.碎屑岩成岩作用阶段划分规范[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1993.
[27]刘小洪.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界砂岩储层成岩作用研究与孔隙演化分析[D].西北大学博士论 文.
[28]傅强.成岩作用对储层孔隙的影响[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3)：92-97.
[29]宋蓓蓓.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘上古生界储层岩石学特征及成岩作用研究[J].中国地质大学硕士论文,2007.
[30]刘林玉,陈刚.碎屑岩储层次生孔隙发育的影响因素分析[J].沉积学报,1998,16(2)：97-101.
[31]刘锐娥.鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界碎屑岩储层形成机理及主控因素研究[D].西北大学博士论文,2004.
[32]赵重远.论含油气盆地的整体动态综合分析[J].西北大学出版社,1993.
[33]王瑞飞,陈明强,孙卫等.特低渗透砂岩储层微观孔隙结构分类评价[J].地球学报,2008,29(2)：21-26.
[34]Schlumberger Log Interpretation Charts. SugarLand[J]. Texas Schlumberger 2000:11-67
[35]刘延梅.中深层天然气储层“四性”关系研究及解释标准建立[D].中国石油大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[36]罗景美.天然气储层非电法测井的识别和定量解释[D].青岛海洋大学,2000.
[37]Hugo Avalos T., Victor Manuel Alvarez M., SHALLOW RESERVOIRSAND THE"GAS-EFFECT", TINTA 3 WELL, ANOLIGOCENE ANDEOCENE CASE IN BURGOS BASIN[J], MEXICO, SPWLA 47 AnnualLogging Symposium, June 4-7,2006
[38]Richard Merkel. INTEGRATED PETROPHYSICAL MODELS IN TIGHT GAS SANDS[J]SPWLA 47th Annual Logging Symposium, June 4-7,2006
[39]冯庆付.泥质砂岩深层天然气测井资料解释方法研究及应用[D].大庆石油学院,2004.
[40]文政,赖强.利用测井资料求取储层孔隙结构特征参数[J].石油天然气学报,2006；28(4)：78-81.
[41]邓礼正,鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界储层物性影响因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003,30(3)：270-272.
[42]楚泽涵,谢京.用测井方法估算渗透率的评述[J].石油勘探开发,1994；21(1)：46-52.
[43]Andre Picarelli, Bruce Holder, Jorge Arguello. High-resolution Sequence Stratigraphy and Reservoir haracterization Applied toMature Fields:Example from Eastern Venezuela Basin. SPE 69602.
[44]雍世和,洪有密.测井资料综合解释与数字处理[M].北京：石油工业出版社,1982；23-125.
[45]付金华.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气成藏条件及富集规律[D].西北大学博士论文,2004.
[46]Peng Suping and Romeo M. Flores. Modern Pearl River Delta and Permian Huainan coalfield, China:a comparative sedimentary facies study.Org. Geochem.1996,24(2):159～179.
[47]AlsharhanAS, SeottRW. Middle East models of Jurassie Cretae eousearbonate systems[M].SEPM Speeial Publieation,2001.