东天山地区库姆塔格沙垄北段石炭纪地层特征及构造意义
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摘要
东天山的地层划分和构造格架争议已久。东天山库姆塔格沙垄地区出露一套石炭纪地层,长期以来,由于基础地质研究工作的滞后,对该套地层划分及时代归属存在较大分歧,从而影响了东天山地区晚古生代大地构造背景及演化特征的研究。论文以“新疆哈密地区库姆塔格沙垄北段一带1:5万区域地质矿产调查项目”为基础,通过野外地质调查,选取东天山库姆塔格沙垄地区石炭纪地层进行研究,在地质特征全面收集的基础上,综合分析,对本区地层划分及其反应的构造环境信息得出比较客观的认识,具有重要地质意义。
本论文运用地层学、岩石学、大地构造学等方法,建立研究区地层层序,根据各地层单元中反映的沉积环境信息,结合区域大地构造情况,勾勒出研究区构造格架,进而分析构造演化史。
1.厘定了研究区的地层系统。以康古尔塔格深大断裂为界,以南属秋格明塔什—黄山地层小区,以北属哈尔里克地层小区;将石炭纪地层进一步划分为6个组级地层单元。
2.建立了两个构造岩组,即干墩岩组和梧桐窝子岩组;并明确了其构造涵义,对认识准噶尔板块和塔里木板块对接带的特征及其分布具有重要的意义。
3.在康古尔塔格深大断裂北侧解体出了底坎儿组,为一套浅海相正常沉积岩系;该组灰岩透镜体中进一步采到牙形刺化石:Streptognathodus suberectus、S.meekerensis、S、exepansus、Streptognathodus sp.,化石组合时代相当于晚石炭世达拉阶上部层位的Streptognathodus parrus-suberctus带;其沉积环境为残余海盆。该组的分布限定了康古尔塔格断裂带的北界,在区域地层划分与构造边界确认中意义重大。
4.在康古尔塔格深大断裂以北的脐山组灰岩透镜体中发现了Pelalaxis intermedia(Groot)中间型花轴珊瑚、Lithostrotionella rarivesicula Yan et Chen小泡沫小石柱珊瑚、Pelalaxis cf.languida Guo微弱花轴珊瑚(相似种)、Fomichevella cf.elegans Cai华美福米契夫珊瑚(相似种)、Fomichevella kiaeri(Holtedahl)克雷福米契夫珊瑚(相似种)、腕足类壳、Lithostrotionella ivahovi Dobrolyubora阿诺夫小石柱珊瑚、Fomichevella kiaeri(Holtedahl)克雷福米契夫珊瑚(相似种)、Pelalaxis cf.languidaGuo微弱花轴珊瑚(相似种),该珊瑚群以Pelalaxis-Fomichevella-Lithostrotionella为特征,其层位相当于上石炭统达拉阶(蜒Fusulina-Fusulinella带)上部,其中少数种可上延至上石炭统逍遥阶—下二叠统紫松阶。为地层时代、构造环境演化等的研究提供了新的依据。
5.重点对小热泉子组和脐山组的火山岩进行了研究探讨,全面系统地阐述了其基本特征、形成环境、喷发类型和演化规律。
6.在前人的基础上对该区的构造及演化有了新的认识。认为该区在早石炭世期间存在一洋内弧—小热泉子岛弧,小热泉子岛弧与雅满苏岛弧拼贴,两者之间的洋盆沉积了底坎尔组浅海相正常沉积岩系;受塔里木板块和准噶尔板块俯冲碰撞作用影响,小热泉子岛弧与雅满苏岛弧之间还形成了强烈变质变形的层序不清的地质体;晚石炭世康古尔洋盆向南俯冲形成了小热泉子岛弧北侧的脐山增生岛弧。
7.在地层划分的基础上,将区内地层单元与邻区及区域上的相关单元做了对比讨论。
The debate of the strata division and tectonic framework in Kumutag sand-ridge eastern Tianshan has been proceed a long time. Based on the regional geological exploring and mineral surveying (scale at 1:50000), this dissertation will systemic study the geological feature of the Carboniferous Stratigraphy from Kumutag sand-ridge in eastern Tianshan. It has important geological signification in understanding the tectonic framework and evolution of eastern Tianshan.
This dissertation will set the sequence stratigraphic framework, integrate the regional tectonic settings, discuss the tectonic framework of the study area and its evolving history combining with stratigraphy, petrography, regional geology, tectonics etc.
1. The strata division is redefined, it is partitioned by the Kangguur Tag deep fault, the south of which is belong to qiugemingtashi-huangshan minor strata area, the north of which is belong to Karlik minor strata area; the Carboniferous Stratigraphy can be farther divided into six formations, they are Xiaorequanzi formation, Yamansu formation, Gandun formation-complex, Wutongwozi formation-complex, Dikan'er formation, and Qishan formation.
2. Two complex formation were built up, they are Gandun formation-complex and Wutongwozi formation-complex. It has important signification in understanding the feature of the boundary between the Tarim plate and the Junggar plate and its distributing.
3. The Dikan'er formation has been discovered in the nearly north of the Kangguur Tag deep fault. The conodonts fossils such as of Streptognathodus suberectus, Idiognathoides sinuate et al of Upper Carboniferous Dalaan Stage had been discovered in limestone. The petrotectonic assemblage of Dikan'er formation is normal-sedimentary rock series of shallow sea facies, and its sedimentary environment is relict sea basic. The north boundary of the Kangguur Tag deep fault zone had been limited by the distributing of the Dikan'er formation, which have an important value in regional stratigraphic division and correlation and the confirmation of tectonic boundary.
4. Coral fossils such as Pelalaxis intermedia, Lithostrotionella rarivesicula, Fomichevella kiaeri has been discovered in limestones of the Qishan formation, and the period of which can confirmed in the Dalaan Stage-Xiaodu Stage. This is the new evidence for researching the strata period and tectonic evolution in eastern Tianshan.
5. This paper systemic researches the basic feature, tectonic setting, volcanic eruption type of the volcanic rocks of Xiaorequanzi formation and Qishan formation, and their magmatic evolution.
6. In study area, there had a island arc in ocean environment in Early Carboniferous, which is named for Xiaorequanzi island arc. After the collision of Xiaorequanzi island arc and Yamansu island arc, the ocean basin between Xiaorequanzi island arc and Yamansu island arc had formed normal-sedimentary rock series of shallow sea facies of Dikan'er formation. The complex geological bodies, the sequence stratigraphy of which is very complex, had been formed between Xiaorequanzi island arc and Yamansu island arc. The Qishan accreting arc island had formed when the Kangguur ocean basin subducted towards south in Upper Carboniferous.
7. Based on the strata division, the strata correlation between the study area and regionalarea was discussed in this paper.
本论文运用地层学、岩石学、大地构造学等方法,建立研究区地层层序,根据各地层单元中反映的沉积环境信息,结合区域大地构造情况,勾勒出研究区构造格架,进而分析构造演化史。
1.厘定了研究区的地层系统。以康古尔塔格深大断裂为界,以南属秋格明塔什—黄山地层小区,以北属哈尔里克地层小区;将石炭纪地层进一步划分为6个组级地层单元。
2.建立了两个构造岩组,即干墩岩组和梧桐窝子岩组;并明确了其构造涵义,对认识准噶尔板块和塔里木板块对接带的特征及其分布具有重要的意义。
3.在康古尔塔格深大断裂北侧解体出了底坎儿组,为一套浅海相正常沉积岩系;该组灰岩透镜体中进一步采到牙形刺化石:Streptognathodus suberectus、S.meekerensis、S、exepansus、Streptognathodus sp.,化石组合时代相当于晚石炭世达拉阶上部层位的Streptognathodus parrus-suberctus带;其沉积环境为残余海盆。该组的分布限定了康古尔塔格断裂带的北界,在区域地层划分与构造边界确认中意义重大。
4.在康古尔塔格深大断裂以北的脐山组灰岩透镜体中发现了Pelalaxis intermedia(Groot)中间型花轴珊瑚、Lithostrotionella rarivesicula Yan et Chen小泡沫小石柱珊瑚、Pelalaxis cf.languida Guo微弱花轴珊瑚(相似种)、Fomichevella cf.elegans Cai华美福米契夫珊瑚(相似种)、Fomichevella kiaeri(Holtedahl)克雷福米契夫珊瑚(相似种)、腕足类壳、Lithostrotionella ivahovi Dobrolyubora阿诺夫小石柱珊瑚、Fomichevella kiaeri(Holtedahl)克雷福米契夫珊瑚(相似种)、Pelalaxis cf.languidaGuo微弱花轴珊瑚(相似种),该珊瑚群以Pelalaxis-Fomichevella-Lithostrotionella为特征,其层位相当于上石炭统达拉阶(蜒Fusulina-Fusulinella带)上部,其中少数种可上延至上石炭统逍遥阶—下二叠统紫松阶。为地层时代、构造环境演化等的研究提供了新的依据。
5.重点对小热泉子组和脐山组的火山岩进行了研究探讨,全面系统地阐述了其基本特征、形成环境、喷发类型和演化规律。
6.在前人的基础上对该区的构造及演化有了新的认识。认为该区在早石炭世期间存在一洋内弧—小热泉子岛弧,小热泉子岛弧与雅满苏岛弧拼贴,两者之间的洋盆沉积了底坎尔组浅海相正常沉积岩系;受塔里木板块和准噶尔板块俯冲碰撞作用影响,小热泉子岛弧与雅满苏岛弧之间还形成了强烈变质变形的层序不清的地质体;晚石炭世康古尔洋盆向南俯冲形成了小热泉子岛弧北侧的脐山增生岛弧。
7.在地层划分的基础上,将区内地层单元与邻区及区域上的相关单元做了对比讨论。
The debate of the strata division and tectonic framework in Kumutag sand-ridge eastern Tianshan has been proceed a long time. Based on the regional geological exploring and mineral surveying (scale at 1:50000), this dissertation will systemic study the geological feature of the Carboniferous Stratigraphy from Kumutag sand-ridge in eastern Tianshan. It has important geological signification in understanding the tectonic framework and evolution of eastern Tianshan.
This dissertation will set the sequence stratigraphic framework, integrate the regional tectonic settings, discuss the tectonic framework of the study area and its evolving history combining with stratigraphy, petrography, regional geology, tectonics etc.
1. The strata division is redefined, it is partitioned by the Kangguur Tag deep fault, the south of which is belong to qiugemingtashi-huangshan minor strata area, the north of which is belong to Karlik minor strata area; the Carboniferous Stratigraphy can be farther divided into six formations, they are Xiaorequanzi formation, Yamansu formation, Gandun formation-complex, Wutongwozi formation-complex, Dikan'er formation, and Qishan formation.
2. Two complex formation were built up, they are Gandun formation-complex and Wutongwozi formation-complex. It has important signification in understanding the feature of the boundary between the Tarim plate and the Junggar plate and its distributing.
3. The Dikan'er formation has been discovered in the nearly north of the Kangguur Tag deep fault. The conodonts fossils such as of Streptognathodus suberectus, Idiognathoides sinuate et al of Upper Carboniferous Dalaan Stage had been discovered in limestone. The petrotectonic assemblage of Dikan'er formation is normal-sedimentary rock series of shallow sea facies, and its sedimentary environment is relict sea basic. The north boundary of the Kangguur Tag deep fault zone had been limited by the distributing of the Dikan'er formation, which have an important value in regional stratigraphic division and correlation and the confirmation of tectonic boundary.
4. Coral fossils such as Pelalaxis intermedia, Lithostrotionella rarivesicula, Fomichevella kiaeri has been discovered in limestones of the Qishan formation, and the period of which can confirmed in the Dalaan Stage-Xiaodu Stage. This is the new evidence for researching the strata period and tectonic evolution in eastern Tianshan.
5. This paper systemic researches the basic feature, tectonic setting, volcanic eruption type of the volcanic rocks of Xiaorequanzi formation and Qishan formation, and their magmatic evolution.
6. In study area, there had a island arc in ocean environment in Early Carboniferous, which is named for Xiaorequanzi island arc. After the collision of Xiaorequanzi island arc and Yamansu island arc, the ocean basin between Xiaorequanzi island arc and Yamansu island arc had formed normal-sedimentary rock series of shallow sea facies of Dikan'er formation. The complex geological bodies, the sequence stratigraphy of which is very complex, had been formed between Xiaorequanzi island arc and Yamansu island arc. The Qishan accreting arc island had formed when the Kangguur ocean basin subducted towards south in Upper Carboniferous.
7. Based on the strata division, the strata correlation between the study area and regionalarea was discussed in this paper.
引文
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