WiMAX Mesh网络路由协议与定向天线MAC机制研究
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摘要
WiMAX Mesh网络即基于IEEE 802.16标准的无线Mesh网络,而WiMAX的成功和技术优势使得WiMAX Mesh极有可能成为无线城市的首选。本文正是基于WiMAX Mesh网络,对其中的路由协议和定向天线MAC机制展开研究。
本文首先对基于IEEE 802.16d-2004标准的WiMAX Mesh网络原理和特点进行了分析,并简单介绍了专用的仿真模型WiMsh。
随后对分布式WiMAX Mesh网络路由协议进行了较深入的研究,将WiMAX Mesh网络分为准Mesh模式和全Mesh模式,并分别对其中的路由协议进行了较深入的研究和分析。对于准Mesh模式路由协议的研究,将路由选择的范围扩展到2跳范围进行,仿真结果表明该方法能较大程度改善网络性能；对于全Mesh模式路由协议的研究,分析了典型的按需式路由协议和先验式路由协议,并对其进行了仿真对比,结果表明,按需式路由方式较适合WiMAX Mesh网络全Mesh模式。
本文的最后一部分深入研究了WiMAX Mesh网络中的定向天线MAC机制,根据WiMAX Mesh网络的特点,进行定向天线MAC机制的研究和相关设计,并进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,在WiMAX Mesh网络中使用定向天线能大大提升网络容量。
WiMAX mesh networks are wireless mesh networks based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, however the success and technological advantages of WiMAX make WiMAX mesh networks as the preferred scheme of wireless city. In this thesis, the routing protocol and directional antennas MAC machanism of WiMAX mesh networks are highlighted, and the thesis is organized as follows.
Firstly, the principle and characteristics of WiMAX mesh networks based on IEEE 802.16d-2004 standard are analyzed.Then,the dedicated simulation model WiMsh is simply introduced.
Secondly, an in-depth study on routing protocol of WiMAX mesh networks is carried out. WiMAX mesh networks are divided into quasi-mesh mode and full-mesh mode,routing protocols in both of them are studied and analyzed respectively.For routing protocol in quasi-mesh mode,method of routing selection by extending the selection scope to two hop range is adopted,simulation results show that this method can improved performance to some extent. And for routing protocol in full-mesh mode,analysis and simulation of both typtical on-demand routing and proactive routing are executed, the results of simulation show that on-demand routing protocol is more suitable for full-mesh mode of WiMAX mesh networks.
Finally, an in-depth study on directional MAC machanism of WiMAX mesh networks is carried out. According to the features of WiMAX mesh networks, directional antenna MAC machanism is studied,and related design is proposed. The simulation results demonstrate that the network capacity can be greatly enhanced by using directional antennas.
本文首先对基于IEEE 802.16d-2004标准的WiMAX Mesh网络原理和特点进行了分析,并简单介绍了专用的仿真模型WiMsh。
随后对分布式WiMAX Mesh网络路由协议进行了较深入的研究,将WiMAX Mesh网络分为准Mesh模式和全Mesh模式,并分别对其中的路由协议进行了较深入的研究和分析。对于准Mesh模式路由协议的研究,将路由选择的范围扩展到2跳范围进行,仿真结果表明该方法能较大程度改善网络性能；对于全Mesh模式路由协议的研究,分析了典型的按需式路由协议和先验式路由协议,并对其进行了仿真对比,结果表明,按需式路由方式较适合WiMAX Mesh网络全Mesh模式。
本文的最后一部分深入研究了WiMAX Mesh网络中的定向天线MAC机制,根据WiMAX Mesh网络的特点,进行定向天线MAC机制的研究和相关设计,并进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,在WiMAX Mesh网络中使用定向天线能大大提升网络容量。
WiMAX mesh networks are wireless mesh networks based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, however the success and technological advantages of WiMAX make WiMAX mesh networks as the preferred scheme of wireless city. In this thesis, the routing protocol and directional antennas MAC machanism of WiMAX mesh networks are highlighted, and the thesis is organized as follows.
Firstly, the principle and characteristics of WiMAX mesh networks based on IEEE 802.16d-2004 standard are analyzed.Then,the dedicated simulation model WiMsh is simply introduced.
Secondly, an in-depth study on routing protocol of WiMAX mesh networks is carried out. WiMAX mesh networks are divided into quasi-mesh mode and full-mesh mode,routing protocols in both of them are studied and analyzed respectively.For routing protocol in quasi-mesh mode,method of routing selection by extending the selection scope to two hop range is adopted,simulation results show that this method can improved performance to some extent. And for routing protocol in full-mesh mode,analysis and simulation of both typtical on-demand routing and proactive routing are executed, the results of simulation show that on-demand routing protocol is more suitable for full-mesh mode of WiMAX mesh networks.
Finally, an in-depth study on directional MAC machanism of WiMAX mesh networks is carried out. According to the features of WiMAX mesh networks, directional antenna MAC machanism is studied,and related design is proposed. The simulation results demonstrate that the network capacity can be greatly enhanced by using directional antennas.
引文
[1]Ian F. Akyildiz, Xudong Wang, Weilin Wang. Wireless Mesh networks:a survey. Computer Networks,March 15,2005,47 (4):445-487.
[2]陈琳琳,刘乃安.无线Mesh网络与IEEE802系列标准[J].中兴通讯技术,2008年,14(2)：8-11.
[3]关于IEEE802.15系列的标准[EB/OL].http://www.txrzx.com.2006,12.
[4]曾智慧.基于IEEE 802.16标准的无线Mesh网络研究[D].同济大学,2006.
[5]方旭明.下一代无线因特网技术：无线Mesh网络[M].人民邮电出版社,2006.
[6]郭达,张勇,彭晓川译.无线网状网：架构、协议与标准[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2008.
[7]张勇,郭达.无线网状网原理与技术[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007
[8]The Network Simulator-ns-2. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns.
[9]ns2Mesh80216:an extension to ns2 to simulate IEEE 802.16 Wireless Mesh Networks. http://cngl.iet.unipi.it/wiki/index.php/Ns2Mesh80216.
[10]C. Cicconetti, I. F. Akyildiz, and L. Lenzini. WiMsh:A Simple and Efficient Tool for Simulating IEEE 802.16 Wireless Mesh Networks in ns-2.in Proc. of 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques 2009 (SIMUTools 2009), Rome, Italy, March 2009
[11]IEEE Std 802.16-2004.IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan Area Networks Part16:Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems. 2004.
[12]C. Cicconetti, I. F. Akyildiz, and L. Lenzini.Bandwidth balancing in multi-channel IEEE 802.16 Wireless Mesh Networks. In Proc. IEEE Infocom,Anchorage (USA), May 2007.pp.2108-2116
[13]C. Cicconetti, I. F. Akyildiz, and L. Lenzini. FEBA:A Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm for Service Differentiation in IEEE 802.16 Mesh Networks.IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, v17, n3, p884-897,2009
[14]The NCTUns tool, http://nsl.csie.nctu.edu.tw/nctuns.html.
[15]S.M. Huang, Y.C. Sung, S.Y. Wang, and Y.B. Lin.NCTUns Simulation Tool for WiMAX Modeling.Third Annual International Wireless Internet Conference, October 22-24,2007.
[16]J. S. Pathmasuntharam, P.-Y. Kong, M.-T. Zhou, etc.TRITON:High Speed Maritime Mesh Networks.IEEE PIMRC, Sept.2008:1-5.
[17]Shetiya H, Sharma V.Algorithms for routing and centralized scheduling to provide QoS in IEEE 802.16 mesh networks.in:proc.of 1st ACM workshop on Wireless multimedia network and performance modeling(WmuNep,2005),2005:140-149.
[18]刘觅,彭木根,王文博.基于IEEE 802.16标准的Mesh机制研究[J].数据通信,2005：22-26.
[19]刘觅,彭木根,王文博.基于IEEE 802.16-2004标准的Mesh机制[J].中国电子科学研究学报,2006年2月：75-80.
[20]C. Cicconetti, A. Erta, L. Lenzini, and E. Mingozzi. Performance evaluation of the mesh election procedure of IEEE 802.16/WiMAX. In Proc. IEEE MSWiM,April.22-26,2007,pp.323-327.
[21]H.Wei,S.Ganguly,.Interference Aware IEEE 802.16 WiMax Mesh Networks. IEEE 61st,Vol.5;3102-3106.
[22]J.Tao,F.Liu,Z.Zeng,and Z.Lin.Throughput Enhancement in WiMax Mesh Networks Using Concurrent Transmission.in International Conference on Wireless Communications, Sep2005,pp.871-874.
[23]J.Dickman,K.Rath and L.Kotecha.Proposal for 802.16 Connection Oriented Mesh.IEEE 802.16 Standard Proposal, March 2003.
[24]Hung-Yu Wei, Ganguly.S,Izmailov.R, Haas. Z.J. Interference-aware IEEE 802.16 WiMax mesh networks. VTC 2005-Spring.2005 IEEE 61st Vehicular Technology Conference,2005:3102-3106.
[25]F.Jin,A.Arora,J.Hwang,and H.-A.choi.Routing and packe scheduling for throughput maximization in ieee 802.16mesh networks.in submitted for publication,2006:1-6.
[26]J.Tao,F.Liu,Z.Zeng, and Z.Lin.Throughput enhancement in wimax mesh network susing concurrent transmission.in International Confer ence on Wireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing Sep 2005,pp.871-874.
[27]J.Chalke,A.Punde,and K.Rudre.Routing in 802.16 mesh networks:A survey paper.http://www.it.iitb.ac.in
[28]Jianhua He, Xiaoming Fu, Jie Xiang, Yan Zhang and Zuoyin Tang, Y. Zhang (ed.), WiMAX Network Planning and Optimization, Auerbach Publications, Taylor&Francis Group, USA, ISBN 978-1-4200-6662-3, April 2009.
[29]Yajun Li,Yuhang Yang,Chengyu Cao.A Novel Routing Algorithm in Distributed IEEE 802.16 Mesh Networks. Communications Letters, IEEE,October 2009:761-763
[30]Peng-Yong Kong, Pathmasuntharam, J.S,Haiguang Wang,Yu Ge,etc. A Routing Protocol for WiMAX Based Maritime Wireless Mesh Networks. VTC Spring 2009. IEEE 69th. Vehicular Technology Conference,2009:1-5.
[31]Tzu-Chieh Tsai,Chuan-Yin Wang. Routing and Admission Control in IEEE 802.16 Distributed Mesh Networks. Wireless and Optical Communications Networks,2007. WOCN'07. IFIP International Conference on 2-4 July 2007
[32]Saha, S,Jun Cai.Alfa, A.S. Routing in IEEE 802.16 Based Distributed Wireless Mesh Networks. Communications and Networking in China,2009. ChinaCOM 2009.26-28 Aug.2009:1-5.
[33]Min Kim,Ilkyeun Ra,Jisang Yoo,Dongwook Kim,Hwasung Kim. QoS Mesh Routing Protocol for IEEE 802.16 based Wireless Mesh Networks. Advanced Communication Technology,2008. ICACT 2008. vol.1:812-817.
[34]Loscri, V. A Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks. VTC-2007 Fall. 2007 IEEE 66th.Vehicular Technology Conference,2007:1523-1527.
[35]N Ntlatlapa. A Routing Metric and Algorithm for IEEE 802.16 Mesh Networks. Third International Conference on Broadband Communications, Information Technology & Biomedical Applications,2008.
[36]Peng-Yong Kong, Pathmasuntharam, J.S,Haiguang Wang,Yu Ge,etc. A Performance Comparison of Routing Protocols for Maritime Wireless Mesh Networks.Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,2008. WCNC 2008:2710-2715.
[37]Ashraf.U, Juanole.G, Abdellatif.S. Evaluating Routing Protocols for the Wireless Mesh Backbone. Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications,2007. WiMOB 2007.
[38]Mogaibel.H, A.Othman.M. Review of Routing Protocols and It's Metrics for Wireless Mesh Networks.Computer Science and Information Technology Spring Conference,2009. IACSITSC'09:62-70.
[39]Mahmod.Z.S, Abdalla.A.H, Al-Irhayim.S, Khan.S. Review and evaluation of the proposed wireless mesh routing protocols. Computer and Communication Engineering,2008. ICCCE 2008:894-897.
[40]Y. Yang, J. Wang, and R. Kravets.Designing routing metrics for mesh networks. in IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Networks (WiMesh), Sept. 2005.
[41]T. Clausen and P. Jacquet.Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR). IETF RFC 3626, October 2003. (status:experimental)
[42]OLSR Implementation.http://www.olsr.org, accessed in January 2006.
[43]D.Passos,D.Teixeira,D.Muchaluat-Saade,L.Magalhes, and C.Albuquerque. Mesh network performance measurements.5th International Information and Telecommunication Technologies Symposium,2006.
[44]W.Cordeiro,E.Aguiar,W.Moreira,A.Abelem,andM.Stan ton.Providing quality of service for mesh networks usin link delay measurements.16th International Conf.on Computer Communications and Networks,pp.991-996,Augus 2007.
[45]C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer, S.Das.Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF RFC 3561, July 2003. (status:experimental).
[46]YuHua Yuan, Hui Min Chen, and Min Jia.An optimized Ad hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) Routing Protocol.Communications, 2005 Asia-Pacific Conference on Volume, Issue,03-05 Oct.2005 Page(s): 569-573.
[47]Yanbin Lu, Guoqing Zhang.Optimum Fair Bandwidth Allocation Scheme for IEEE 802.16 Mesh Mode with Directional Antenna. VTC-2006 Fall.2006 IEEE 64th. Vehicular Technology Conference,2006:1-5.
[48]Gupta p,Kumar P R.The capacity of wireless networks.IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,2000,46(2):388-404.
[49]Jangeum J,Sichitiu M L.The nominal capacity of wireless Mesh networks.IEEE Journal of wireless Communications,2003.10(5):8-14.
[50]V.Kawadia and P.R.Kumar.A cautionary perspective on cross layer design.IEEE Wirelesss Communication.February 2005:3-11.
[51]C. Cicconetti, E. Mingozzi, G. Stea.An Integrated Framework for Enabling Effective Data Collection and Statistical Analysis with ns2. In WNS2'06: Proceeding from the 2006 workshop on ns-2:the IP network simulator (2006), 11.
[52]Ko Y, Vaidya N H. Medium Access Control Protocols Using Directional Antennas in Ad hoc Networks. Proc. of INFOCOM'00. Tel Aviv, Isral:IEEE Press,2000:13-21.
[53]Roychoudhury R, Yang Xue, Vaidya N H, et al. Using Directional Antennas for Medium Access Control in Ad hoc Networks. Proc. of MOBICOM'02. Atlanta, USA:ACM Press,2002:59-70.
[54]Takai M, Martin J, Bagrodia R, et al. Directional Virtual Carrier Sensing for Directional Antennas in Mobile Ad hoc Networks. Proc. of MOBIHOC'OO. New York, USA:ACM Press,2000:225-230.
[55]Singh H, Singh S. Smart-802.11b MAC Protocol for Use with Smart Antennas.Proc. of ICC'04. Piscataway, USA:IEEE Press,2004:3684-3688.
[56]单志龙,兰丽.Ad hoc网络中基于定向天线的MAC协议[J].计算机工程,2010年1月：21-23.
[57]褚炜.基于定向天线的无线Mesh网络MAC机制的研究[D].西安电子科技大学硕士论文,2007年1月.
. [58]Dai Hongning,Ng Kam-Wing,Wu MinYou.An overview of MAC protocols with directional antennas in wireless ad hoc networks. Second International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications, ICWMC 2006:26-26.
[59]T. Korakis, G. Jakllari, and L. Tassiulas.A MAC protocol for full exploitation of directional antennas in ad-hoc wireless networks.Proc. ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc), pp.98-107, June 2003:145-155.
[60]G Jakllari, J Broustis, T Korakis,S V. Krishnamurthy, and L Tassiulas.Handling Asymmetry in Gain in Directional Antenna Equipped Ad Hoc Networks.Proc. IEEE 16th International Symposium on PIMRC, pp.1284-1288,2005
[2]陈琳琳,刘乃安.无线Mesh网络与IEEE802系列标准[J].中兴通讯技术,2008年,14(2)：8-11.
[3]关于IEEE802.15系列的标准[EB/OL].http://www.txrzx.com.2006,12.
[4]曾智慧.基于IEEE 802.16标准的无线Mesh网络研究[D].同济大学,2006.
[5]方旭明.下一代无线因特网技术：无线Mesh网络[M].人民邮电出版社,2006.
[6]郭达,张勇,彭晓川译.无线网状网：架构、协议与标准[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2008.
[7]张勇,郭达.无线网状网原理与技术[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007
[8]The Network Simulator-ns-2. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns.
[9]ns2Mesh80216:an extension to ns2 to simulate IEEE 802.16 Wireless Mesh Networks. http://cngl.iet.unipi.it/wiki/index.php/Ns2Mesh80216.
[10]C. Cicconetti, I. F. Akyildiz, and L. Lenzini. WiMsh:A Simple and Efficient Tool for Simulating IEEE 802.16 Wireless Mesh Networks in ns-2.in Proc. of 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques 2009 (SIMUTools 2009), Rome, Italy, March 2009
[11]IEEE Std 802.16-2004.IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan Area Networks Part16:Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems. 2004.
[12]C. Cicconetti, I. F. Akyildiz, and L. Lenzini.Bandwidth balancing in multi-channel IEEE 802.16 Wireless Mesh Networks. In Proc. IEEE Infocom,Anchorage (USA), May 2007.pp.2108-2116
[13]C. Cicconetti, I. F. Akyildiz, and L. Lenzini. FEBA:A Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm for Service Differentiation in IEEE 802.16 Mesh Networks.IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, v17, n3, p884-897,2009
[14]The NCTUns tool, http://nsl.csie.nctu.edu.tw/nctuns.html.
[15]S.M. Huang, Y.C. Sung, S.Y. Wang, and Y.B. Lin.NCTUns Simulation Tool for WiMAX Modeling.Third Annual International Wireless Internet Conference, October 22-24,2007.
[16]J. S. Pathmasuntharam, P.-Y. Kong, M.-T. Zhou, etc.TRITON:High Speed Maritime Mesh Networks.IEEE PIMRC, Sept.2008:1-5.
[17]Shetiya H, Sharma V.Algorithms for routing and centralized scheduling to provide QoS in IEEE 802.16 mesh networks.in:proc.of 1st ACM workshop on Wireless multimedia network and performance modeling(WmuNep,2005),2005:140-149.
[18]刘觅,彭木根,王文博.基于IEEE 802.16标准的Mesh机制研究[J].数据通信,2005：22-26.
[19]刘觅,彭木根,王文博.基于IEEE 802.16-2004标准的Mesh机制[J].中国电子科学研究学报,2006年2月：75-80.
[20]C. Cicconetti, A. Erta, L. Lenzini, and E. Mingozzi. Performance evaluation of the mesh election procedure of IEEE 802.16/WiMAX. In Proc. IEEE MSWiM,April.22-26,2007,pp.323-327.
[21]H.Wei,S.Ganguly,.Interference Aware IEEE 802.16 WiMax Mesh Networks. IEEE 61st,Vol.5;3102-3106.
[22]J.Tao,F.Liu,Z.Zeng,and Z.Lin.Throughput Enhancement in WiMax Mesh Networks Using Concurrent Transmission.in International Conference on Wireless Communications, Sep2005,pp.871-874.
[23]J.Dickman,K.Rath and L.Kotecha.Proposal for 802.16 Connection Oriented Mesh.IEEE 802.16 Standard Proposal, March 2003.
[24]Hung-Yu Wei, Ganguly.S,Izmailov.R, Haas. Z.J. Interference-aware IEEE 802.16 WiMax mesh networks. VTC 2005-Spring.2005 IEEE 61st Vehicular Technology Conference,2005:3102-3106.
[25]F.Jin,A.Arora,J.Hwang,and H.-A.choi.Routing and packe scheduling for throughput maximization in ieee 802.16mesh networks.in submitted for publication,2006:1-6.
[26]J.Tao,F.Liu,Z.Zeng, and Z.Lin.Throughput enhancement in wimax mesh network susing concurrent transmission.in International Confer ence on Wireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing Sep 2005,pp.871-874.
[27]J.Chalke,A.Punde,and K.Rudre.Routing in 802.16 mesh networks:A survey paper.http://www.it.iitb.ac.in
[28]Jianhua He, Xiaoming Fu, Jie Xiang, Yan Zhang and Zuoyin Tang, Y. Zhang (ed.), WiMAX Network Planning and Optimization, Auerbach Publications, Taylor&Francis Group, USA, ISBN 978-1-4200-6662-3, April 2009.
[29]Yajun Li,Yuhang Yang,Chengyu Cao.A Novel Routing Algorithm in Distributed IEEE 802.16 Mesh Networks. Communications Letters, IEEE,October 2009:761-763
[30]Peng-Yong Kong, Pathmasuntharam, J.S,Haiguang Wang,Yu Ge,etc. A Routing Protocol for WiMAX Based Maritime Wireless Mesh Networks. VTC Spring 2009. IEEE 69th. Vehicular Technology Conference,2009:1-5.
[31]Tzu-Chieh Tsai,Chuan-Yin Wang. Routing and Admission Control in IEEE 802.16 Distributed Mesh Networks. Wireless and Optical Communications Networks,2007. WOCN'07. IFIP International Conference on 2-4 July 2007
[32]Saha, S,Jun Cai.Alfa, A.S. Routing in IEEE 802.16 Based Distributed Wireless Mesh Networks. Communications and Networking in China,2009. ChinaCOM 2009.26-28 Aug.2009:1-5.
[33]Min Kim,Ilkyeun Ra,Jisang Yoo,Dongwook Kim,Hwasung Kim. QoS Mesh Routing Protocol for IEEE 802.16 based Wireless Mesh Networks. Advanced Communication Technology,2008. ICACT 2008. vol.1:812-817.
[34]Loscri, V. A Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks. VTC-2007 Fall. 2007 IEEE 66th.Vehicular Technology Conference,2007:1523-1527.
[35]N Ntlatlapa. A Routing Metric and Algorithm for IEEE 802.16 Mesh Networks. Third International Conference on Broadband Communications, Information Technology & Biomedical Applications,2008.
[36]Peng-Yong Kong, Pathmasuntharam, J.S,Haiguang Wang,Yu Ge,etc. A Performance Comparison of Routing Protocols for Maritime Wireless Mesh Networks.Wireless Communications and Networking Conference,2008. WCNC 2008:2710-2715.
[37]Ashraf.U, Juanole.G, Abdellatif.S. Evaluating Routing Protocols for the Wireless Mesh Backbone. Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications,2007. WiMOB 2007.
[38]Mogaibel.H, A.Othman.M. Review of Routing Protocols and It's Metrics for Wireless Mesh Networks.Computer Science and Information Technology Spring Conference,2009. IACSITSC'09:62-70.
[39]Mahmod.Z.S, Abdalla.A.H, Al-Irhayim.S, Khan.S. Review and evaluation of the proposed wireless mesh routing protocols. Computer and Communication Engineering,2008. ICCCE 2008:894-897.
[40]Y. Yang, J. Wang, and R. Kravets.Designing routing metrics for mesh networks. in IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Networks (WiMesh), Sept. 2005.
[41]T. Clausen and P. Jacquet.Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR). IETF RFC 3626, October 2003. (status:experimental)
[42]OLSR Implementation.http://www.olsr.org, accessed in January 2006.
[43]D.Passos,D.Teixeira,D.Muchaluat-Saade,L.Magalhes, and C.Albuquerque. Mesh network performance measurements.5th International Information and Telecommunication Technologies Symposium,2006.
[44]W.Cordeiro,E.Aguiar,W.Moreira,A.Abelem,andM.Stan ton.Providing quality of service for mesh networks usin link delay measurements.16th International Conf.on Computer Communications and Networks,pp.991-996,Augus 2007.
[45]C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer, S.Das.Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF RFC 3561, July 2003. (status:experimental).
[46]YuHua Yuan, Hui Min Chen, and Min Jia.An optimized Ad hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) Routing Protocol.Communications, 2005 Asia-Pacific Conference on Volume, Issue,03-05 Oct.2005 Page(s): 569-573.
[47]Yanbin Lu, Guoqing Zhang.Optimum Fair Bandwidth Allocation Scheme for IEEE 802.16 Mesh Mode with Directional Antenna. VTC-2006 Fall.2006 IEEE 64th. Vehicular Technology Conference,2006:1-5.
[48]Gupta p,Kumar P R.The capacity of wireless networks.IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,2000,46(2):388-404.
[49]Jangeum J,Sichitiu M L.The nominal capacity of wireless Mesh networks.IEEE Journal of wireless Communications,2003.10(5):8-14.
[50]V.Kawadia and P.R.Kumar.A cautionary perspective on cross layer design.IEEE Wirelesss Communication.February 2005:3-11.
[51]C. Cicconetti, E. Mingozzi, G. Stea.An Integrated Framework for Enabling Effective Data Collection and Statistical Analysis with ns2. In WNS2'06: Proceeding from the 2006 workshop on ns-2:the IP network simulator (2006), 11.
[52]Ko Y, Vaidya N H. Medium Access Control Protocols Using Directional Antennas in Ad hoc Networks. Proc. of INFOCOM'00. Tel Aviv, Isral:IEEE Press,2000:13-21.
[53]Roychoudhury R, Yang Xue, Vaidya N H, et al. Using Directional Antennas for Medium Access Control in Ad hoc Networks. Proc. of MOBICOM'02. Atlanta, USA:ACM Press,2002:59-70.
[54]Takai M, Martin J, Bagrodia R, et al. Directional Virtual Carrier Sensing for Directional Antennas in Mobile Ad hoc Networks. Proc. of MOBIHOC'OO. New York, USA:ACM Press,2000:225-230.
[55]Singh H, Singh S. Smart-802.11b MAC Protocol for Use with Smart Antennas.Proc. of ICC'04. Piscataway, USA:IEEE Press,2004:3684-3688.
[56]单志龙,兰丽.Ad hoc网络中基于定向天线的MAC协议[J].计算机工程,2010年1月：21-23.
[57]褚炜.基于定向天线的无线Mesh网络MAC机制的研究[D].西安电子科技大学硕士论文,2007年1月.
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