COM技术及其在打印组件系统中的应用研究
摘要
近几年，随着网络的发展及应用，对分布式组件系统的研究受到人们的广泛关注。组件技术是继面向对象技术之后发展起来的一种新的软件工程技术，是面向对象技术的延伸。基于组件的系统模型仍然是一种面向对象的结构，但系统中的对象是按照规范设计的模块，这些定义良好的软件模块(组件Component)在系统中共存，并且充分地相互作用。按照这种结构，可以将若干组件组合起来，以建立更大和更复杂的系统。组件对象模型(简称COM)是windows对象的二进制标准。为WINDOWS提供了统一的、面向对象的、可扩充的通讯协议。这意味着描述一个对象的可执行代码(．dll或．exe文件的代码)可以被其它对象执行。即使两个对象使用不同语言来编写，他们也可以用COM标准来进行通信。
作者在研究COM组件规范和框架的基础上，设计并实现了一应用系统。在项目的开发中，作者主要负责COM对象部分的设计与实现，在完成上述工作的同时，对基于组件的软件开发方法和模式进行了尝试和总结，在此基础上完成了本论文。
本文对基于COM的组件技术进行了较为全面的研究。
首先介绍了组件技术的基本概念、研究现状，对国内外主要的组件系统COM(组件对象模型)、CORBA(通用对象请求代理体系结构)和java beans／EJB／javaRMI做了简要介绍，并比较其特点。
其次重点阐述COM组件结构，具体讲述其特点、原理以及体系结构。研究了如何实现COM框架，比较几种具体的实现方法。
通过对建立一个COM应用系统的完整描述，讲述如何在系统中如何定义COM对象和接口并实现其方法，以及怎样将COM／DCOM组件技术应用到具体系统中，实现其跨平台和跨语言的能力。
最后，通过研究和实践，对组件技术进行了学习和探索，对基于组件的软件开发方法和模式进行了尝试和总结，对基于组件的软件开发方法提出了一些意见和建议。
In recent years, along with the development and application of the network, people pay more and more attention to the research of the distributed component system. Component technique is a new software engineer technique which following and extending the object-oriented technique. The system model that based on component is still object-oriented, but the objects in system are modules, which are designed according to the criterion. These good-defined modules survive together in system and effect on each other. You may construct a larger and more complex system according to this structure.
Component object model (COM) is the binary system standard for windows object. It provide a uniform, object-oriented and extensible communicate protocol. This means that the executable code (. dll or .exe) could be executed by other objects. Even if these two objects are built by using not one type language, they can communicate with each other by using the COM.
The author of this paper has designed and realized one application system that depends on the research of the criterion and framework of COM. In this project, author mainly designed and realized the COM object, so comprehensive researches on COM have been done and some achievements have been gotten.
This paper summarizes these researches, which includes:
First, the basic concept of Ihe component technique and the researches status about this are put forward, the brief introduction of popular component systems (COM, CORBA, Javabearis/EJB/JavaRMT) and the compare between their characteristics are provided. Then author explains the COM structure stressfully, including its characteristic, principle and system structure. Meanwhile, author studies how to realize the COM framework and compares several concretely realize methods in this paper.
How to define the objects and the interfaces and realize the methods are provided following, and then author explains how to apply the COM/DCOM technique in an concrete system.
At last, author studies and discovers the component technique by the way of researching and applying, tastes and summarizes the software develop methods and patterns which depend on COM, and gives some suggestion and advice on the software develop method about COM.
作者在研究COM组件规范和框架的基础上，设计并实现了一应用系统。在项目的开发中，作者主要负责COM对象部分的设计与实现，在完成上述工作的同时，对基于组件的软件开发方法和模式进行了尝试和总结，在此基础上完成了本论文。
本文对基于COM的组件技术进行了较为全面的研究。
首先介绍了组件技术的基本概念、研究现状，对国内外主要的组件系统COM(组件对象模型)、CORBA(通用对象请求代理体系结构)和java beans／EJB／javaRMI做了简要介绍，并比较其特点。
其次重点阐述COM组件结构，具体讲述其特点、原理以及体系结构。研究了如何实现COM框架，比较几种具体的实现方法。
通过对建立一个COM应用系统的完整描述，讲述如何在系统中如何定义COM对象和接口并实现其方法，以及怎样将COM／DCOM组件技术应用到具体系统中，实现其跨平台和跨语言的能力。
最后，通过研究和实践，对组件技术进行了学习和探索，对基于组件的软件开发方法和模式进行了尝试和总结，对基于组件的软件开发方法提出了一些意见和建议。
In recent years, along with the development and application of the network, people pay more and more attention to the research of the distributed component system. Component technique is a new software engineer technique which following and extending the object-oriented technique. The system model that based on component is still object-oriented, but the objects in system are modules, which are designed according to the criterion. These good-defined modules survive together in system and effect on each other. You may construct a larger and more complex system according to this structure.
Component object model (COM) is the binary system standard for windows object. It provide a uniform, object-oriented and extensible communicate protocol. This means that the executable code (. dll or .exe) could be executed by other objects. Even if these two objects are built by using not one type language, they can communicate with each other by using the COM.
The author of this paper has designed and realized one application system that depends on the research of the criterion and framework of COM. In this project, author mainly designed and realized the COM object, so comprehensive researches on COM have been done and some achievements have been gotten.
This paper summarizes these researches, which includes:
First, the basic concept of Ihe component technique and the researches status about this are put forward, the brief introduction of popular component systems (COM, CORBA, Javabearis/EJB/JavaRMT) and the compare between their characteristics are provided. Then author explains the COM structure stressfully, including its characteristic, principle and system structure. Meanwhile, author studies how to realize the COM framework and compares several concretely realize methods in this paper.
How to define the objects and the interfaces and realize the methods are provided following, and then author explains how to apply the COM/DCOM technique in an concrete system.
At last, author studies and discovers the component technique by the way of researching and applying, tastes and summarizes the software develop methods and patterns which depend on COM, and gives some suggestion and advice on the software develop method about COM.
引文
[1]http://msdn.microsoft.com/
[2]http://www.omg.org
[3]Microsoft Corporation, MSDN Library Visual Studio 6.0, Oct 2000
[4]Jeff Prosise, Programming Windows with MFC, Second Edition, Microsoft Press, 1999
[5]David J. Kruglinski, Scot Wingo, and George Shepherd, Programming Visual C++, Microsoft Press, 1998
[6]J.J.Hou, Dissecting MFC 2nd Edition, Songgang , Taiwan, 1996
[7]Markus Horstmann(OLE Program Manager Microsoft Corporation), From CPP to COM
[8]Dale Rogerson, Inside COM, Microsoft Press , 1997
[9]Guy Eddon and Henry Eddon, Inside Microsoft COM+ Base Services, Microsoft Press
[10]Greg Perry and Ian Spencer, Visual C++~(TM) in 12 Easy Lessons, Sams Publishing, 1995
[11]periodical, Computer Programming skills & Mainenance, volume 1999.1～2001.3
[12]Dan Pilat, Printing with MFC Made Easy, 2 Dec 1999
[13]Chris Maunder, Printing without the Document/View framework, 27 Nov 1999
[14]CORBAservices: Common Object Service Specification Updated, OMG, 1997.3
[15]David Chappell .Understanding ActiveX and Ole Microsoft Press, January 15, 1996
[16]Guy Eddon, Henry Eddon. Inside COM+ Base Service, Microsoft Press
[17]George Shepherd & Brad King, Inside ATL, Microsoft Press
[18]Edward Youdon & Carl Argila，实用面向对象软件工程教程，电子工业出版社，1998
[19]王千祥，刘畅，赵鲁印，分布对象技术与软件复用．计算机科学．1999第26卷第5期
[20]潘爱民，COM原理及应用，清华大学出版社，1999
[21]DON BOX，潘爱民译，COM本质论，中国电力出版社，2000
[22]Ash Rofail&Yasser Shohoud，COM与COM+从入门到精通，电子工业出版社，1998
[23]汪芸，CORBA技术及其应用，东南大学出版社
[24]汪芸，顾冠群，CORBA规范及其实现，东南大学学报，1997．3
[25]Cony，Mayfield，Cadman，《COM／DCOM编程指南》，清华大学出版社
[26]邵维忠，杨芙清．面向对象的系统分析．清华大学出版社，1998
[2]http://www.omg.org
[3]Microsoft Corporation, MSDN Library Visual Studio 6.0, Oct 2000
[4]Jeff Prosise, Programming Windows with MFC, Second Edition, Microsoft Press, 1999
[5]David J. Kruglinski, Scot Wingo, and George Shepherd, Programming Visual C++, Microsoft Press, 1998
[6]J.J.Hou, Dissecting MFC 2nd Edition, Songgang , Taiwan, 1996
[7]Markus Horstmann(OLE Program Manager Microsoft Corporation), From CPP to COM
[8]Dale Rogerson, Inside COM, Microsoft Press , 1997
[9]Guy Eddon and Henry Eddon, Inside Microsoft COM+ Base Services, Microsoft Press
[10]Greg Perry and Ian Spencer, Visual C++~(TM) in 12 Easy Lessons, Sams Publishing, 1995
[11]periodical, Computer Programming skills & Mainenance, volume 1999.1～2001.3
[12]Dan Pilat, Printing with MFC Made Easy, 2 Dec 1999
[13]Chris Maunder, Printing without the Document/View framework, 27 Nov 1999
[14]CORBAservices: Common Object Service Specification Updated, OMG, 1997.3
[15]David Chappell .Understanding ActiveX and Ole Microsoft Press, January 15, 1996
[16]Guy Eddon, Henry Eddon. Inside COM+ Base Service, Microsoft Press
[17]George Shepherd & Brad King, Inside ATL, Microsoft Press
[18]Edward Youdon & Carl Argila，实用面向对象软件工程教程，电子工业出版社，1998
[19]王千祥，刘畅，赵鲁印，分布对象技术与软件复用．计算机科学．1999第26卷第5期
[20]潘爱民，COM原理及应用，清华大学出版社，1999
[21]DON BOX，潘爱民译，COM本质论，中国电力出版社，2000
[22]Ash Rofail&Yasser Shohoud，COM与COM+从入门到精通，电子工业出版社，1998
[23]汪芸，CORBA技术及其应用，东南大学出版社
[24]汪芸，顾冠群，CORBA规范及其实现，东南大学学报，1997．3
[25]Cony，Mayfield，Cadman，《COM／DCOM编程指南》，清华大学出版社
[26]邵维忠，杨芙清．面向对象的系统分析．清华大学出版社，1998