高端小区的智能家居系统的研究与实现
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摘要
本文通过研究国内外智能家居系统的发展现状,详细分析论述了系统的基本构成,并对现有智能家居的解决方案进行了细致阐述和讨论。通过对不同技术方案的优缺点的分析比较,结合我国的实际情况,基于智能家居的以人为本的原则,设计实现了集散式智能家居系统方案,并在国内某些工程有所体现。
现有智能家居系统多是以单项功能为主,辅助带有少数相关功能,根本无法真正体现智能家居的优越性,更不能有效地协助生活。本文针对智能家居面对的这样复杂环境要实现真正的智能化,设计采用ATmega8单片机为控制核心,应用现有的计算机技术融合传感变送技术、将现场总线技术结合建筑技术、机械设计技术,形成一个智能网络系统,实现了对住宅室内环境参数和家用电器的实时监控及室内相关装置的智能化管理。
文中的集散式智能家居系统方案采用组网简便的RS-485的通信协议,运用多机通信技术实现了虚拟主机与各个分机的信息交换,克服了依靠主机导致系统可靠性差的问题,保证整个系统运行的灵活稳定。系统通过设计专用家居总线,来有效的实现了住宅信息的共享和设备的控制。另外,本文还设计了几个特色功能装置,如节水装置可以回收中水;温水保持装置可以保证人在室内时随时供应热水;温湿度系统能保证室内的舒适度;室内生态系统能够保障植物的生长环境,并可调节产生氧气的利用和二氧化碳的隔离排放;安全防盗系统能够保障无需人为设置而自动识别并自动设置解防或设防;其他人性化的功能如换气消毒、住宅节能、网络音响、电话铃声都显示了该系统与众不同的智能化特色,充分体现了系统的安全、舒适、节能、环保生态效果,较为完整的展现了智能家居的本质特征。
该系统具有通信灵活可靠,操作简单,性价比高,易于维护等特点,具有很高的推广价值。
最后,论文还结合试验论述了智能家居的组建步骤和设计原则,论证了该行业的发展现状和应用前景,着重对“以人为本”的设计原则进行了阐述和倡导。
The thesis begins with studying the development condition of domestic and international Smart Home System, and introduces the present solution by detailed analyzing and comparing the development all kinds of technologies. Combining the actual circumstance of the our country, based on the design principle of "humanist", the thesis designs and realizes a Distribute Smart Home Control System .
The present Smart Home System mostly with single-item functions and assisted a handful of related functions, can'tembody the superiority of intelligence, or assist life. Aims at the real meaning of intelligence of the complicated environment, the thesis designs to adopt ATmega8 singlechip as the controlling center, applies the existing computer technology, sensor technology, and combine field bus technology, architecture technology and mechanism design technology, and composes an intelligent network system to realize the function of adjusting indoor environment, controlling and supervising home appliancese and managingindoor related devices intelligently.
The Distributed Smart Home System applies RS-485 communication protocol whose frame is simple, and uses mufti-machine correspondence technique carried out the information commutation of the virtual host and each extension, overcoming the weak dependability of depending on one host, and guarantees the vivid stability of the whole system circulate. Based on designning the home bus, realizes to sharethe residence information and control all the equipmentses effectively.
In addition, the paper designs a few special features functions equip,such as saving waterinstallment, the warm water maintenance installment, temperature and humidity system can guarantee the indoor comfortable moderation, ecosystem system indoor can guarantee the air indoor fresh, the safety guard against theft system can guarantee without the artificial constitution and control the solution to defend or establish to defend by identifying automatically.And other humanized function also manifestes out of the ordinary and the intellectualized characteristic of the Smart Home System, and shows out the character of comfort, saving energy, economy, emerges the basic characteristic of intelligence of the system completely.
Now the system is reliable in communication, simple in operating, friendly in man-machine interface,high ratio of performance to price, easy to be maintained and worhy to be recommended.
At last, the thesis also combines to experiment to discuss the step and the design principles of Smart Home, at the same time argued the development of present condition and the application in future, emphasized, elaborated and initiated the design principle of "humanist".
现有智能家居系统多是以单项功能为主,辅助带有少数相关功能,根本无法真正体现智能家居的优越性,更不能有效地协助生活。本文针对智能家居面对的这样复杂环境要实现真正的智能化,设计采用ATmega8单片机为控制核心,应用现有的计算机技术融合传感变送技术、将现场总线技术结合建筑技术、机械设计技术,形成一个智能网络系统,实现了对住宅室内环境参数和家用电器的实时监控及室内相关装置的智能化管理。
文中的集散式智能家居系统方案采用组网简便的RS-485的通信协议,运用多机通信技术实现了虚拟主机与各个分机的信息交换,克服了依靠主机导致系统可靠性差的问题,保证整个系统运行的灵活稳定。系统通过设计专用家居总线,来有效的实现了住宅信息的共享和设备的控制。另外,本文还设计了几个特色功能装置,如节水装置可以回收中水;温水保持装置可以保证人在室内时随时供应热水;温湿度系统能保证室内的舒适度;室内生态系统能够保障植物的生长环境,并可调节产生氧气的利用和二氧化碳的隔离排放;安全防盗系统能够保障无需人为设置而自动识别并自动设置解防或设防;其他人性化的功能如换气消毒、住宅节能、网络音响、电话铃声都显示了该系统与众不同的智能化特色,充分体现了系统的安全、舒适、节能、环保生态效果,较为完整的展现了智能家居的本质特征。
该系统具有通信灵活可靠,操作简单,性价比高,易于维护等特点,具有很高的推广价值。
最后,论文还结合试验论述了智能家居的组建步骤和设计原则,论证了该行业的发展现状和应用前景,着重对“以人为本”的设计原则进行了阐述和倡导。
The thesis begins with studying the development condition of domestic and international Smart Home System, and introduces the present solution by detailed analyzing and comparing the development all kinds of technologies. Combining the actual circumstance of the our country, based on the design principle of "humanist", the thesis designs and realizes a Distribute Smart Home Control System .
The present Smart Home System mostly with single-item functions and assisted a handful of related functions, can'tembody the superiority of intelligence, or assist life. Aims at the real meaning of intelligence of the complicated environment, the thesis designs to adopt ATmega8 singlechip as the controlling center, applies the existing computer technology, sensor technology, and combine field bus technology, architecture technology and mechanism design technology, and composes an intelligent network system to realize the function of adjusting indoor environment, controlling and supervising home appliancese and managingindoor related devices intelligently.
The Distributed Smart Home System applies RS-485 communication protocol whose frame is simple, and uses mufti-machine correspondence technique carried out the information commutation of the virtual host and each extension, overcoming the weak dependability of depending on one host, and guarantees the vivid stability of the whole system circulate. Based on designning the home bus, realizes to sharethe residence information and control all the equipmentses effectively.
In addition, the paper designs a few special features functions equip,such as saving waterinstallment, the warm water maintenance installment, temperature and humidity system can guarantee the indoor comfortable moderation, ecosystem system indoor can guarantee the air indoor fresh, the safety guard against theft system can guarantee without the artificial constitution and control the solution to defend or establish to defend by identifying automatically.And other humanized function also manifestes out of the ordinary and the intellectualized characteristic of the Smart Home System, and shows out the character of comfort, saving energy, economy, emerges the basic characteristic of intelligence of the system completely.
Now the system is reliable in communication, simple in operating, friendly in man-machine interface,high ratio of performance to price, easy to be maintained and worhy to be recommended.
At last, the thesis also combines to experiment to discuss the step and the design principles of Smart Home, at the same time argued the development of present condition and the application in future, emphasized, elaborated and initiated the design principle of "humanist".
引文
[1]华东建筑设计院.智能建筑设计技术.第2版.上海:同济大学出版社,2003
[2]丁静,刘丽元等,智能化住宅的系统工程.北京:科学技术出版社,2004
[3]中国工程建设标准化协会通信工程委员会,建筑与建筑群综合布线系统工程设计规范(CECS72:97,中国工程建设标准化协会,1997
[4]马潮,詹卫前,耿德根.Atmega8原理及应用手册.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[5]顾牧君.智能家居设计与施工.上海:同济大学出版社,2004
[6]柳孝图.建筑物理.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[7]向忠宏.智能家居.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[8]王建玉.智能化建筑系统工程技术基础.北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[9]卿晓霞.建筑设备自动化.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2002
[10]殷际英等.楼宇设备自动化技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[11]江月山,黄久松.数字化社区智能技术产业链导论.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[12]陈龙.居住小区智能化系统与技术.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[13]陆伟良.智能化建筑导论.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1996
[14]邬宽明.现场总线技术应用选编.北京:航空航天大学出版社
[15]智能建筑设计标准(GB/T50314-2000).国家质量技术监督局,中华人民共和国建
[16]http://www.smarthomcn.com}外智能信息家电的现状与发展趋势,2004.3.25
[17]马鸿雁,李惠异.智能住宅小区.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[18]徐汉超.住宅小区智能化系统.北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[19]段展东,王俭,张文革.智能化住宅小区监控系统设计。电气自动化,2001
[20]周洪,张世荣,郭爱文.智能建筑控制系统概论.北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[21]ETSI.Digital Cellular Telecommunication System(Phase 2+).High Speed Circuit Switched Data 似SCSD),Stage2(GSM 03.34 version 6.0.0 Release 1997)
[22]C.Bettstetter,H.J.Vogel,J.Eberspacher.GSM Phase 2+,General Packet Radio Service GPRS.Architecture,Protocols and Air Interface,IEEE Communications Surveys,1999,2(3)
[23]Cal J.,D.Goodman.General Packet Radio Service in GSM.IEEE Communications Magazine,1997,35(10):122-131
[24]ETSI.General Packet Radio Service(GPRS):Service description,Stage 2(GSM)03.60 version 6.4.0 Release 1997
[25]ETSI.Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+):Logical Link Control(LLC)(GSM 04.64 version 6.4.0 Release 1997)
[26]ETSLGSM 07.07 Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+),AT command set for GSM Mobile Equipment(ME)(GSM 07.07 version 7.5.0 Release1998)
[27]Howerd Oakford Inventio Software Ltd.The Point to Point Protocol in Forth.www.inventio.co.uk.2000
[28]Gordon L.Stuber.移动通信原理(Principles of Mobile Communication).北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[29]Theodore S.Rappaport.Wireless Communications Principles and PracticeAt北京:电子工业出版社,1999.
[2]丁静,刘丽元等,智能化住宅的系统工程.北京:科学技术出版社,2004
[3]中国工程建设标准化协会通信工程委员会,建筑与建筑群综合布线系统工程设计规范(CECS72:97,中国工程建设标准化协会,1997
[4]马潮,詹卫前,耿德根.Atmega8原理及应用手册.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[5]顾牧君.智能家居设计与施工.上海:同济大学出版社,2004
[6]柳孝图.建筑物理.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[7]向忠宏.智能家居.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[8]王建玉.智能化建筑系统工程技术基础.北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[9]卿晓霞.建筑设备自动化.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2002
[10]殷际英等.楼宇设备自动化技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[11]江月山,黄久松.数字化社区智能技术产业链导论.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[12]陈龙.居住小区智能化系统与技术.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[13]陆伟良.智能化建筑导论.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1996
[14]邬宽明.现场总线技术应用选编.北京:航空航天大学出版社
[15]智能建筑设计标准(GB/T50314-2000).国家质量技术监督局,中华人民共和国建
[16]http://www.smarthomcn.com}外智能信息家电的现状与发展趋势,2004.3.25
[17]马鸿雁,李惠异.智能住宅小区.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[18]徐汉超.住宅小区智能化系统.北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[19]段展东,王俭,张文革.智能化住宅小区监控系统设计。电气自动化,2001
[20]周洪,张世荣,郭爱文.智能建筑控制系统概论.北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[21]ETSI.Digital Cellular Telecommunication System(Phase 2+).High Speed Circuit Switched Data 似SCSD),Stage2(GSM 03.34 version 6.0.0 Release 1997)
[22]C.Bettstetter,H.J.Vogel,J.Eberspacher.GSM Phase 2+,General Packet Radio Service GPRS.Architecture,Protocols and Air Interface,IEEE Communications Surveys,1999,2(3)
[23]Cal J.,D.Goodman.General Packet Radio Service in GSM.IEEE Communications Magazine,1997,35(10):122-131
[24]ETSI.General Packet Radio Service(GPRS):Service description,Stage 2(GSM)03.60 version 6.4.0 Release 1997
[25]ETSI.Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+):Logical Link Control(LLC)(GSM 04.64 version 6.4.0 Release 1997)
[26]ETSLGSM 07.07 Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+),AT command set for GSM Mobile Equipment(ME)(GSM 07.07 version 7.5.0 Release1998)
[27]Howerd Oakford Inventio Software Ltd.The Point to Point Protocol in Forth.www.inventio.co.uk.2000
[28]Gordon L.Stuber.移动通信原理(Principles of Mobile Communication).北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[29]Theodore S.Rappaport.Wireless Communications Principles and PracticeAt北京:电子工业出版社,1999.