定解降秩变换的时域无功功率分析及基础实验研究
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摘要
随着电力电子技术的发展,当今电力系统中非线性负载增多,谐波污染日益严重,非正弦电路的功率理论也越来越受到重视。普遍认为正弦条件下的电路中的功率现象已非常明确,但是对于非正弦波下的功率学术界还没有达到共识,提出一种适合于当前电力系统现状的无功定义,并应用于无功功率的补偿是当前的一项重要课题。
本文通过分析现有的经典功率定义,指出了现存定义在分析电力电子设备影响日益严重的情况时存在的不足,提出基于时域无功分析的无功定义方法。该方法提出了定解降秩的变换形式,以S.Fryze的时域无功定义为基础,进而对于无功功率的定义,无功功率的物理意义,以及无功的测量、无功的补偿进行研究。文章经过计算和理论分析提出了电源功率最大化原则,提出无功是一种功率形式的波形畸变强度度量。基于本文无功定义,建立适合于非正弦情况下,电力电子设备干扰严重,间断性波形谐波分量大时的无功测量、补偿模型,为无功补偿理论研究打下基础。
最后,根据以上分析,设计基础实验模型,通过物理和仿真实例,验证了本文所提出的以定解降秩变换为基础的时域无功功率理论正确性。通过该方法通过电气设备本身固有特性可以简单高效的消除间断,减少谐波,达到无功补偿的目的;与传统定义相比,物理意义较明确,使用通过该方法无功补偿效果优秀。本文还针对平果铝滤波系统实际工程进行时域分析,论证了时域分析的正确性,必要性。
With the development of semiconductor technology and electrical power industry, nonlinear load in the power system is growing, along with the increasing of harmonic pollution. Hence, the power theory for non-sine circuit is held in higher regard now. There is a generally understanding about the power phenomenon for sine wave situation. Nevertheless, the academic community has incompatible views on the power definition under non-sine condition. Upon that, presenting a reactive power definition is suitable for the present condition of power system and the reactive power compensation is a significant subject.
Through the analysis of existing power definitions, this paper pointed out their deficiency under the condition of expanding electronic equipments' application. Then, a reactive power definition method based on time domain reactive power analysis is proposed. On the basis of S. Fryze time domain reactive power definition, this method adopts a reduced-rank transform with constraints to define the concept of reactive power. In addition, the paper does some research on physical meaning of the reactive power, the measuring method of the reactive power and the compensation of the reactive power. Based on the new definition, the paper presents a new reactive power calculation method which is more appropriate in non-sine situation with severe disturbance from electronic devices and abundant harmonic components. This work is fundamental to the research on reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression.
At last, based on the above analysis, the basal model is designed, and cases study verified the correctness of the proposed definition. It is efficiently to eliminate intermittence and reduce harmonics using this method, also easily to achieve the compensation of reactive power. Comparing with the traditional methods, this definition has a clear physical meaning and using this method to compensate reactive power can get good result. Also in this paper, Pingguo Aluminum Foil system is analyzed based on time-domain and the analysis shows the correctness and necessity.
本文通过分析现有的经典功率定义,指出了现存定义在分析电力电子设备影响日益严重的情况时存在的不足,提出基于时域无功分析的无功定义方法。该方法提出了定解降秩的变换形式,以S.Fryze的时域无功定义为基础,进而对于无功功率的定义,无功功率的物理意义,以及无功的测量、无功的补偿进行研究。文章经过计算和理论分析提出了电源功率最大化原则,提出无功是一种功率形式的波形畸变强度度量。基于本文无功定义,建立适合于非正弦情况下,电力电子设备干扰严重,间断性波形谐波分量大时的无功测量、补偿模型,为无功补偿理论研究打下基础。
最后,根据以上分析,设计基础实验模型,通过物理和仿真实例,验证了本文所提出的以定解降秩变换为基础的时域无功功率理论正确性。通过该方法通过电气设备本身固有特性可以简单高效的消除间断,减少谐波,达到无功补偿的目的;与传统定义相比,物理意义较明确,使用通过该方法无功补偿效果优秀。本文还针对平果铝滤波系统实际工程进行时域分析,论证了时域分析的正确性,必要性。
With the development of semiconductor technology and electrical power industry, nonlinear load in the power system is growing, along with the increasing of harmonic pollution. Hence, the power theory for non-sine circuit is held in higher regard now. There is a generally understanding about the power phenomenon for sine wave situation. Nevertheless, the academic community has incompatible views on the power definition under non-sine condition. Upon that, presenting a reactive power definition is suitable for the present condition of power system and the reactive power compensation is a significant subject.
Through the analysis of existing power definitions, this paper pointed out their deficiency under the condition of expanding electronic equipments' application. Then, a reactive power definition method based on time domain reactive power analysis is proposed. On the basis of S. Fryze time domain reactive power definition, this method adopts a reduced-rank transform with constraints to define the concept of reactive power. In addition, the paper does some research on physical meaning of the reactive power, the measuring method of the reactive power and the compensation of the reactive power. Based on the new definition, the paper presents a new reactive power calculation method which is more appropriate in non-sine situation with severe disturbance from electronic devices and abundant harmonic components. This work is fundamental to the research on reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression.
At last, based on the above analysis, the basal model is designed, and cases study verified the correctness of the proposed definition. It is efficiently to eliminate intermittence and reduce harmonics using this method, also easily to achieve the compensation of reactive power. Comparing with the traditional methods, this definition has a clear physical meaning and using this method to compensate reactive power can get good result. Also in this paper, Pingguo Aluminum Foil system is analyzed based on time-domain and the analysis shows the correctness and necessity.
引文
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[6]Czarnecski L S,An orthogonal decomposition of current of nonsinusoidal voltage source applied to nonlinear loads[J],Int.J.Circuit Theory Appl,1988.11:235-239
[7]Czarnecki L S,What is wrong with the Budeanu concept of reactive and distortion power and why it should be abandoned,IEEE Trans InstrumMeas,1987,36:828-837
[8]H Akagi,Y Kanazawa,A Nabae,Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching devices without energy storage components[J],IEEE Trans,On Ins,&Appl,20(3):625-630
[9]Peng F Z,Akagi H,A New Approach to Harmonic compensation in Power System-Combined System of Shunt Passive and Series Active Filters,IEEE Trans Ind Appl,1990,26(6):983-990
[10]Akagi H,New Trends in Active Filters for Power Conditioning,IEEE Trans Ind App1,1996,32(6):1312-1322
[11]Fujita H,Akagi H,A Practical Approach to Harmonic compensation in Power Systems-Series Connection of Passive and Active Filters,IEEE Trans Ind Appl,1991,27(6):1020-1025
[12]Agagi H,Fujita H,A New Power Line Conditioner for Harmonic Compensation in Power Systems,IEEE Trans,Power Delivery,1994,10(3):1570-1575
[13]刘金华,刘用强,非正弦条件下无功功率定义分析与展望[J],电测与仪表,2006,43(3):1-4
[14]王丽,刘会金,王陈.瞬时无功功率理论的研究综述[J],高电压术,2006.32(2):98-103
[15]王学伟,高朝,畸变波形下功率定义问题的探讨[J],电网技术,2004.28(23):17-21
[16]戴先中,唐统一,孙树勤,非正弦三相电路中瞬时无功量的普遍化定义[J],中国电机工程学报,1998.18(6):388-394
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[19]张代润,关于非正弦三相不平衡电路的瞬时无功功率理论,电力系统自动化,1996.20(4):26-28
[20]薛永端,徐丙垠,冯祖仁,基于Hilbert变换的非正弦电路无功及瞬时无功功率定义[J],电力系统自动化,2004.28(12):35-39
[21]凌志斌,邓超平,叶梵生,单相任意周期波形系统中功率因子定义的探讨[J],中国电机工程学报,2003.23(19):39-43
[22]郑小平,关于无功功率的定义及其计算方法[J],电测与仪表,2006.43(6):1-4
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[24]吕润馀,电力系统高次谐波[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1998:12-20
[25]吴竞昌,供电系统谐波[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1998:1-4
[26]陆定安,功率因数与无功补偿[M],上海:上海科技普及出版社,2004年2月:19-20
[27]阿里拉加 J,布莱德勒 D A,伯德格尔 PS,电力系统谐波,容建纲等译[M],武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1994:344-363
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