一种新型故障限流器的特性分析与研究
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摘要
随着电网规模的不断扩大,当前的短路电流水平已严重威胁到电力系统的安全稳定运行,采取适当的短路电流限制措施势在必行。在众多的限流措施中,故障限流器(FCL, Fault Current Limiter)的综合性能优越,具有广阔的应用前景,已成为目前国内外研究的热点。本文对磁饱和型故障限流器的动态特性以及一种新型磁饱和故障限流器开展了研究。
本文首先介绍了故障限流技术的发展现状和应用情况。对各种限流器的性能比较分析表明,磁饱和型故障限流器的技术性能较优,实用价值较大。
针对磁饱和型故障限流器的工作原理,本文从暂态视角作出了深入的分析与说明,总结了普通磁饱和型故障限流器的优缺点并在此基础上给出了新型磁饱和式故障限流器的初步设计方案,详细分析了其工作原理,提出了研究限流器工作暂态过程的综合分析方法,提出了研究新型磁饱和故障限流器动态电抗值的方法以及确定其限流性能的分析方法、推导方法,并得出最终结论；分析了新型磁饱和故障限流器相对于普通磁饱和型故障限流器的优越性以及不同情况下其限流能力的强弱。通过作图分析阐明了新型磁饱和故障限流器比普通的磁饱和故障限流器具备更强的限流能力,运用公式推导总结了其在不同状况下限流特性的计算方法,为今后进一步的研究打下了一定的理论基础。
设计制作了一个小型实验装置,测试了新型磁饱和限流器的铁磁特性和限流能力。运用Matlab仿真分析了新型磁饱和限流器的限流效果和性能,并利用仿真波形分析了各个相关电气量之间的相互作用关系,进一步明晰了新型磁饱和故障限流器的工作原理。
另外,本文分析了新型磁饱和式故障限流器对继电保护的影响,详细研究了发生故障时限流器对距离保护及电流保护的影响,并获得了新的整定公式,采用新算法整定的距离继电器能够在保护区内可靠动作而不会使保护距离缩短。
Along with the scale-expanding of power grid, stability and security of electric power system is threatened by the level of short circuit current. It is imperative to take a measure to limit the short circuit current under the situation. Fault Current Limiter (FCL) performs well in the numerous methods of limiting fault current.It has a wide application foreground and a better comprehensive capability.Recently FCL has become a popular researching focus both at home and abroad. This paper gives emphasis in researching the dynamic characteristic of saturated iron core fault current limiter and the new type.
Current-limitting technology is firstly expatiated in the paper. Comparing with the other types of FCL saturable magnetic core FCL is better in technology and less in cost.So it has a good value in application.
For the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter,the paper gives thorough analysis and explaination in a dynamic angle of view.The meris and drawbacks is concluded.Based on the conclusion the elementary plan of a new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter is put forward.Then its operational principle is given. In allusion to the new type of FCL.the integrate method of analyzing dynamic operating process is put forward, so is the researching methods、final conclusion and derivative method of the dynamic reactance and the current-limiting capability.then the paper gives the proof that the new type of sarurated iron core fault current limiter has advantages comparing with the common types,and then its capability in diferent situation is analyzed.Large numbers of construction illuminates that the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter has a better capability than the common types.Large numbers of deduction shows the computing method of its current-limiting characteristic in diferent situation,which will be helpful for futher additional research in future.
Experiments are carried out to get the magnetic characteristic and current-limiting capability of the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter,which make the design proposal come true.Using simulation with Matlab we get the current-limiting effect and excellent capability of the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter.The connection of the electric quantities is also gained,which make the operating principle of the new FCL much more clear.
In addition, the influence of FCL on distance protection is researched carefully with new setting formulas gained. The new setting fomulas ensure that the Distance Protection act reliably without reducing its protective range.
本文首先介绍了故障限流技术的发展现状和应用情况。对各种限流器的性能比较分析表明,磁饱和型故障限流器的技术性能较优,实用价值较大。
针对磁饱和型故障限流器的工作原理,本文从暂态视角作出了深入的分析与说明,总结了普通磁饱和型故障限流器的优缺点并在此基础上给出了新型磁饱和式故障限流器的初步设计方案,详细分析了其工作原理,提出了研究限流器工作暂态过程的综合分析方法,提出了研究新型磁饱和故障限流器动态电抗值的方法以及确定其限流性能的分析方法、推导方法,并得出最终结论；分析了新型磁饱和故障限流器相对于普通磁饱和型故障限流器的优越性以及不同情况下其限流能力的强弱。通过作图分析阐明了新型磁饱和故障限流器比普通的磁饱和故障限流器具备更强的限流能力,运用公式推导总结了其在不同状况下限流特性的计算方法,为今后进一步的研究打下了一定的理论基础。
设计制作了一个小型实验装置,测试了新型磁饱和限流器的铁磁特性和限流能力。运用Matlab仿真分析了新型磁饱和限流器的限流效果和性能,并利用仿真波形分析了各个相关电气量之间的相互作用关系,进一步明晰了新型磁饱和故障限流器的工作原理。
另外,本文分析了新型磁饱和式故障限流器对继电保护的影响,详细研究了发生故障时限流器对距离保护及电流保护的影响,并获得了新的整定公式,采用新算法整定的距离继电器能够在保护区内可靠动作而不会使保护距离缩短。
Along with the scale-expanding of power grid, stability and security of electric power system is threatened by the level of short circuit current. It is imperative to take a measure to limit the short circuit current under the situation. Fault Current Limiter (FCL) performs well in the numerous methods of limiting fault current.It has a wide application foreground and a better comprehensive capability.Recently FCL has become a popular researching focus both at home and abroad. This paper gives emphasis in researching the dynamic characteristic of saturated iron core fault current limiter and the new type.
Current-limitting technology is firstly expatiated in the paper. Comparing with the other types of FCL saturable magnetic core FCL is better in technology and less in cost.So it has a good value in application.
For the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter,the paper gives thorough analysis and explaination in a dynamic angle of view.The meris and drawbacks is concluded.Based on the conclusion the elementary plan of a new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter is put forward.Then its operational principle is given. In allusion to the new type of FCL.the integrate method of analyzing dynamic operating process is put forward, so is the researching methods、final conclusion and derivative method of the dynamic reactance and the current-limiting capability.then the paper gives the proof that the new type of sarurated iron core fault current limiter has advantages comparing with the common types,and then its capability in diferent situation is analyzed.Large numbers of construction illuminates that the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter has a better capability than the common types.Large numbers of deduction shows the computing method of its current-limiting characteristic in diferent situation,which will be helpful for futher additional research in future.
Experiments are carried out to get the magnetic characteristic and current-limiting capability of the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter,which make the design proposal come true.Using simulation with Matlab we get the current-limiting effect and excellent capability of the new type of saturated iron core fault current limiter.The connection of the electric quantities is also gained,which make the operating principle of the new FCL much more clear.
In addition, the influence of FCL on distance protection is researched carefully with new setting formulas gained. The new setting fomulas ensure that the Distance Protection act reliably without reducing its protective range.
引文
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[3]陈刚,江道灼,吴兆麟.固态短路限流器的研究与发展[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(10)：89-94
[4]陈刚,江道灼,吕征宇,吴兆麟.一种新型固态短路限流器拓扑及其控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(3)：32-38
[5]谢泽全.限制短路电流技术的探讨[J].广东电力,1997,10(2).29-31
[6]赵华勇.限制城网短路电流的措施[J].供用电,2001,18(4)：20-21,27
[7]李继红,黄良宝,徐谦.一种降低短路电流水平的措施—母线分裂运行[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(14)：62-63,71
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[12]淡淑恒.限流式断路器的优化设计[J].低压电器,1997,3(6)：10-15
[13]Fabio Tosato and stefano Quaia.Reducing Voltage Sags Through Fault Current Limitation [J], IEEE TransactionsonPowcr DeliVery,16(1),2001:12-17
[14]李品德,刘军虎.电力系统故障电流限流器的应用和研制现状[J].高压电器,2000,36(3)：31-36
[15]江道灼,敖志香.短路限流技术的研究与发展[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(3)：9-18
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[17]李基建.高温超导技术在高压开关、电力变压器和电缆上的应用.电器工业[J],2001,1(8),33-34
[18]D.Ito,C.yang.KA class.Resistive Fault Current Limiting Device Development Using OMG HTC Bulk Superconductor[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Super conductivity,1999, 9(2):31-36
[19]B.Gromoll.Resistive.Fault Current Limiters with YBCO Films-100kVA Funtion Mode[J]. IEEE Transactionson Applied Super conductivity,1999,9(2):26-29
[20]J.Noudem, J.M.Belmont.Current Limitation at 1080A under 1100V with Bulk Bi-2223[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,1999,9(2):43-47
[21]HTS Cables,Motors and Transformers perspectives[J],2000,10(3):25-36
[22]叶林,林良真.超导故障限流的电力应用研究进展.电力系统自动化[J],1999,23(7)：53-56
[23]叶林,林良真.桥式超导故障限流器的短路试验研究.电力系统自动化[J],1999,23(18)：9-11
[24]姜燕,张晚英,周有庆.磁屏蔽感应型超导故障限流器的仿真研究[J].低温物理学 报,2008,30(4)：365-370
[25]孙晶,宗曦华,何砚发,王轶楠,王金星.感应屏蔽性高温超导故障电流限制器模型机研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(10)：81-84
[26]R.Strumpler.Novel Medium Voltage Fault Current Limiters Based on Polymer PTC Resistors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1999,14(2):81-84
[27]江道灼,敖志香,等.短路限流技术的研究与发展[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(3)：8-20
[28]范则阳,何喜元,李敬东,唐跃进.一种新的饱和铁心型高温超导故障限流器的设计方法[J].华北电力技术,2003(12)：16-18
[29]王付胜,刘小宁.饱和铁心型高温超导故障限流器数学模型的分析与参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(8)：31-34
[30]Mukuerjeea,Mukhopadhyaysc,Iwaharam.A numerical method of analyzing a passive fault current limiter considering hysteresis[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1998,34(4):2048-2050
[31]Iwaharam,Yamadas,Dawason.A passive current limiter for power semi conductor prote-ction//conferrence Record of 1996 IEEE industry Applications Conference[C].[S.I]:IEEE Press,1996:1298-1301
[32]Mukhopadhysc,Dawson.Analysis,design and experimental results for a passive current limiting device[J].IEE proceedings Electric power Applications,1999,146(3):309-316
[33]何熠,吴爱国.饱和铁心型超导限流器故障电流快速模式识别[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(1)：81-87
[34]曹正建,龚伟志,等.主动型饱和铁心超导限流器限流阻抗特性与动态仿真[J].电气应用,2009,28(5)：20-23
[35]何熠,李长滨,吴爱国,信赢.饱和铁心型超导限流器压敏电阻的实验[J].高电压技术,2007,33(9)：21-24
[36]蔡宣三,高越农.可控饱和电抗器原理设计与应用[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2008
[37]李发海,朱东起.电机学(第三版)[M].北京：科学出版社,2001
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