结合逻辑与规则的工业过程建模和优化控制的研究
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摘要
混杂系统的提出是离散事件系统的深入研究和现代工业过程控制的需要。利用混杂系统的理论，工业过程控制可以充分利用人工智能与计算智能、运筹学以及应用逻辑学等相关知识，为解决大规模复杂系统建模以及综合优化控制问题提供新的思路和新的方法。本文建立了结合逻辑规则的工业过程模型，提出了结合约束程序的混合整数非线性规划算法，并将这些理论和方法应用到工业过程实际中。
本文主要成果及创新包括：
1．结合机理建模和数据建模，利用机理建模的方法建立系统的基本的状态方程，再利用专家的知识、操作工的经验、系统本身的逻辑关系，将这二者联系在一起，建立系统的结合逻辑与规则的混杂模型，讨论了此类混杂模型稳定性的定义，并给出了基于预测控制的设计控制器方法以及预测控制系统稳定性条件。
2．本文针对结合逻辑的工业过程混杂模型，提出了结合约束程序(CP)的混合整数非线性规划(MFNLP)算法，采用CP方法求解模型的可行点，并采用MILP／CP方法求解算法中的MILP主问题，通过计算实例可看出，采用这种算法比采用通用的转化成MINLP方法的计算时间大为减少。
3．应用结合逻辑规则的工业过程混杂模型的方法，对城市污水处理中活性污泥法过程模型进行简化，得出适用于控制目的的简化模型，仿真结果证明：这种方法可充分利用对活性污泥法过程机理模型，又可利用专家及操作过程的经验，从而更利于对活性污泥法过程的优化和控制，而且采用结合约束逻辑的混合整数非线性规划算法，计算时间较短，可适用于污水处理过程实时控制中。
4．间断式时序逻辑(ITL)是时序逻辑的一种，它包含一个由两个公式的连续成分所构成的基本结构和一个Kleene星的类似体。本文运用间断式时序逻辑表达和建立水工业系统模型。结果显示ITL适合于建立水工业混杂实时模型，
摘要
而且它能表达混杂系统中的专家经验。
5.应用MLD法，对ASMI模型进行简化，建立了连续进水间歇曝气活性污泥
法除氮动态模型，通过仿真结果，可知:采用MLD方法，可以充分利用有关
连续进水间歇曝气活性污泥法的专家经验知识，加入到模型中，使模型更加
精确，控制和优化的效果更好。
Hybrid systems method is the result of discrete event systems research and need of modern industrial process control. Exploiting hybrid systems method, industrial process control can take full advantage of artificial intelligence and computational intelligence, operational research and application logic. Then we can advance new concept of solving the problem of modeling and optimal control in large systems. This paper build industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical and rules and advance mixed integer nonlinear programming algorithms combined with constraint programming. At last the author apply those methods to industrial process systems.
The main contribution and research works are as follows:
1.Based on mechanism modeling basic state space equation was built. And then by exploiting expert knowledge, operational experience and logical constraints in systems, industrial process hybrid model was built. Stability of this model was defined and the method of designing controller based on predictive control was present. At last the stability condition of this predictive control method was gived.
2.This paper advanced mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) algorithms mixed with constraint programming (CP) to solve industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical rule. CP methods have proved to be successful in solving highly constrained discrete optimization and feasibility problems. It can effectively solve hybrid model mixed with logical rule by integrating CP, nonlinear programming and mixed integer linear programming. Computational results demonstrated this algorithm.
3.Apply industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical and rule to simplify activated sludge process model in wastewater treatment and deduce to a reduced model adapted to control. The simulation result show that this method can combine mechanism model of activated sludge process and expert knowledge and operational experience and can get better effect of optimization and control.
Moreover,the computational time is short and suitable for real-time control in wastewater treatment by applying mixed integer nonlinear programming mixed with logical rules.
4.Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) is a temporal logic which includes a basic construct for the sequential composition of two formulas as well as an analog of Kleene star. In this paper,Interval Temporal Logic is applied to represent the hybrid systems. This method is demonstrated by an example in water industry systems.
5.Optimization of N-removal in sewage treatment is accomplished by exploiting mixed logical dynamic method (MLD). According to simplifying activated sludge process No.1 model (ASM1),N-removal dynamic models in continuously mixed,continuously fed activated sludge process (ASP) are established by employing expert experience about activated sludge process. Then predictive control approach is applied to optimal control of this process. The simulation results show that it can cover the relative expert experiences more widely by applying MLD to modeling and control of activated sludge process. These expert experiences combined with continuous variable model make model more precise and can get better effect of optimization and control. This study provides a new approach to the research of sewage treatment.
本文主要成果及创新包括：
1．结合机理建模和数据建模，利用机理建模的方法建立系统的基本的状态方程，再利用专家的知识、操作工的经验、系统本身的逻辑关系，将这二者联系在一起，建立系统的结合逻辑与规则的混杂模型，讨论了此类混杂模型稳定性的定义，并给出了基于预测控制的设计控制器方法以及预测控制系统稳定性条件。
2．本文针对结合逻辑的工业过程混杂模型，提出了结合约束程序(CP)的混合整数非线性规划(MFNLP)算法，采用CP方法求解模型的可行点，并采用MILP／CP方法求解算法中的MILP主问题，通过计算实例可看出，采用这种算法比采用通用的转化成MINLP方法的计算时间大为减少。
3．应用结合逻辑规则的工业过程混杂模型的方法，对城市污水处理中活性污泥法过程模型进行简化，得出适用于控制目的的简化模型，仿真结果证明：这种方法可充分利用对活性污泥法过程机理模型，又可利用专家及操作过程的经验，从而更利于对活性污泥法过程的优化和控制，而且采用结合约束逻辑的混合整数非线性规划算法，计算时间较短，可适用于污水处理过程实时控制中。
4．间断式时序逻辑(ITL)是时序逻辑的一种，它包含一个由两个公式的连续成分所构成的基本结构和一个Kleene星的类似体。本文运用间断式时序逻辑表达和建立水工业系统模型。结果显示ITL适合于建立水工业混杂实时模型，
摘要
而且它能表达混杂系统中的专家经验。
5.应用MLD法，对ASMI模型进行简化，建立了连续进水间歇曝气活性污泥
法除氮动态模型，通过仿真结果，可知:采用MLD方法，可以充分利用有关
连续进水间歇曝气活性污泥法的专家经验知识，加入到模型中，使模型更加
精确，控制和优化的效果更好。
Hybrid systems method is the result of discrete event systems research and need of modern industrial process control. Exploiting hybrid systems method, industrial process control can take full advantage of artificial intelligence and computational intelligence, operational research and application logic. Then we can advance new concept of solving the problem of modeling and optimal control in large systems. This paper build industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical and rules and advance mixed integer nonlinear programming algorithms combined with constraint programming. At last the author apply those methods to industrial process systems.
The main contribution and research works are as follows:
1.Based on mechanism modeling basic state space equation was built. And then by exploiting expert knowledge, operational experience and logical constraints in systems, industrial process hybrid model was built. Stability of this model was defined and the method of designing controller based on predictive control was present. At last the stability condition of this predictive control method was gived.
2.This paper advanced mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) algorithms mixed with constraint programming (CP) to solve industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical rule. CP methods have proved to be successful in solving highly constrained discrete optimization and feasibility problems. It can effectively solve hybrid model mixed with logical rule by integrating CP, nonlinear programming and mixed integer linear programming. Computational results demonstrated this algorithm.
3.Apply industrial process hybrid model mixed with logical and rule to simplify activated sludge process model in wastewater treatment and deduce to a reduced model adapted to control. The simulation result show that this method can combine mechanism model of activated sludge process and expert knowledge and operational experience and can get better effect of optimization and control.
Moreover,the computational time is short and suitable for real-time control in wastewater treatment by applying mixed integer nonlinear programming mixed with logical rules.
4.Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) is a temporal logic which includes a basic construct for the sequential composition of two formulas as well as an analog of Kleene star. In this paper,Interval Temporal Logic is applied to represent the hybrid systems. This method is demonstrated by an example in water industry systems.
5.Optimization of N-removal in sewage treatment is accomplished by exploiting mixed logical dynamic method (MLD). According to simplifying activated sludge process No.1 model (ASM1),N-removal dynamic models in continuously mixed,continuously fed activated sludge process (ASP) are established by employing expert experience about activated sludge process. Then predictive control approach is applied to optimal control of this process. The simulation results show that it can cover the relative expert experiences more widely by applying MLD to modeling and control of activated sludge process. These expert experiences combined with continuous variable model make model more precise and can get better effect of optimization and control. This study provides a new approach to the research of sewage treatment.
引文
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